with a Reference of the Examples in Korea 20131031 ChangHo Moon and ShuQuan Song Dept of Architecture and Building Engineering Kunsan National University Korea The Symposium on Healthcare Architecture in Asia 2013 ID: 250984
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Enhancing the Nursing Unit Design of Gen..." is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Enhancing the Nursing Unit Design of General Hospital in Qingdao, China with a Reference of the Examples in Korea
2013.10.31Chang-Ho Moon and Shu-Quan SongDept. of Architecture and Building Engineering, Kunsan National University, Korea
The Symposium on Healthcare Architecture in Asia 2013Slide2
I. IntroductionBackground
Due to rapid development of society, economy, science and technology and the improvement of medical level, the nursing care delivery model in China has shifted from a functional nursing model to primary nursing model Research objectives Six large and best general hospitals in Qingdao which stand for the local highest medical level and several Korean general hospitals were chosen Research method The current situations of medical health care and nursing in China and Qingdao general hospitals were analyzed, theoretical materials were collected together with related drawings, documents & literatures, and questionnaire & interview were executed through the site-visit.Chang-Ho Moon and
Shu-Quan
Song 2Slide3
Information
of Sample Hospitals in QingdaoName of Hospital
No. of Beds
Floor Area(
㎡
)
Floor Area/Bed (㎡)Form of Ward BuildingHosp-11,995200,000100.3VerticalHosp-2650(1,160)72,000(134,000)110.8(115.5)VerticalHosp-342020,00047.6HorizontalHosp-460076,000126.7VerticalHosp-5880100,000113.6VerticalHosp-62,000223,000111.5VerticalAverage -101.85(102.5)-Hosp-1: The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University ( East Branch & West Branch)Hosp-2: New Qingdao Women and Children HospitalHosp-3: Qingdao Combined Western and Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalHosp-4: Qingdao Eighth People's HospitalHosp-5: New Qingdao Central HospitalHosp-6: Qingdao Municipal Hospital(East Branch & West Branch)( ) means new hospital in constructionDate of site-visit: 2013.7.7-2013.07.25
Name of HospitalNo. of BedsFloor Area(㎡)Floor Area/Bed (㎡)Form of Ward BuildingHosp-A680104,000140.0VerticalHosp-B50036,00072.0VerticalHosp-C55063,000114.5HorizontalHosp-D58060,000103.4VerticalHosp-E1,000171,000171.0VerticalHosp-F20014,00070.0VerticalHosp-G60097,000161.7VerticalHosp-H70054,00077.1HorizontalAverage--113.7 (138.1)-Hosp-A: National Health Insurance Service Ilsan HospitalHosp-B: Gwangju Veterans HospitalHosp-C: Chonnam National University Hwasun HospitalHosp-D: Chung-Ang University HospitalHosp-E: Yonsei University Severance HospitalHosp-F: Seoul Bukbu HositalHosp-G: Seoul Medical CenterHosp-H: Seoul National Hospital( ) means average floor area per bed of general hospitals only
Information of Sample Hospitals in Korea
Sample Hospitals in Qingdao and Korea
Chang-Ho Moon and
Shu-Quan
Song 3Slide4
II. Overview of Medical Health Care and Facilities in China
There are remarkable achievements, but big contradiction between the current development level of health care sector, the people’s health demands and the requirements of balanced socio-economic developmentTo enhance the utilization efficiency of medical and health resources and the new health resources must be in conformity with regional health planning, and priority may be given to weak areas such as rural and community health servicesNumber of hospital beds per 1,000 population in China had gradually risen from 2.02 in 1980 to 3.56 in 2010
, but
much lower than
8.8 in
Korea and 13.6
in JapanWith the reform of Medical and Health Care System, community healthcare center will be actively carried on a large scale along with the improvement of medical conditionChang-Ho Moon and Shu-Quan Song 4Slide5
Number of hospital beds per 1,000 population
Chang-Ho Moon and Shu-Quan Song 5Slide6
III. Analysis and Comparison of Inpatient Wards
Form of Inpatient BuildingsForm of inpatient buildings changed from low-rise building with low cost before 1980s, to vertical & high-rise building since 1990s due to fast expansion and sometimes regarding as landmark in Qingdao. Some horizontal concept hospitals have been attempted in KoreaChang-Ho Moon and Shu-Quan Song 6Slide7
Overall
forms of Qingdao
general hospitals
Chang-Ho Moon and
Shu-Quan
Song 7Slide8
Overall
forms of recent Korean
general hospitals
Chang-Ho Moon and
Shu-Quan
Song 8Slide9
Configuration and Layouts of Nursing Unit : In China, single corridor type is a common form of nursing unit with patient room in the south and the support and training space in the north of the nursing unit
before 1990s, double-corridor type was adopted with the patient rooms arranged around a core of support space outside the nursing unit since 1990s.Various compact shapes such as triangular, "W", pinwheel, curved rectangular, "T" of ward plan have been designed in recent Korean hospitals.Chang-Ho Moon and Shu-Quan Song 9Slide10
Typical Floor Plans of Nursing Unit in
Qingdao General HospitalsChang-Ho Moon and Shu-Quan Song 10Slide11
Various Shapes of Floor Plan of Nursing Unit in Korean General Hospitals
Chang-Ho Moon and Shu-Quan Song 11Slide12
Composition and Space Allocation of Functional Area in Nursing UnitGenerally speaking, the total area of nursing unit and proportion of different functional space (except training space & service space) on average in Qingdao general hospital is similar to that of Korean
hospitalsAverage Space Allocation of Functional Area of the Nursing Unit
Bedroom
Dayroom & Public WC
Nursing Support Space
Circulation Space
Training Space and Service SpaceTotal AreaQingdao General Hospitals461.7(45.3%)58.0(5.7%)133.9(13.1%)245.3(24.1%)146.7(14.4%)1019.3(100%)Korean General Hospitals481.1(46.6%)73.0(7.1%)160.1(15.5%)250.8(26.7%)42.3(4.1%)1032.1(100%)- Nursing Support Space: nurses' station, treatment room, disposal room, dressing room, pantry etc.- Training Space and Service Space: demonstration room, doctor's office, doctor's duty room and meeting room, switching room and cleaning room etc.Chang-Ho Moon and Shu-Quan Song 12Slide13
Types of Patient Room and AmenitiesIn general hospitals of Qingdao, number of beds per nursing unit(NU) ranges from 32 to 44 and average number is 38.0, but is lower than about
47.3 of Korean hospitals. In Qingdao general hospitals, two and three-bed room are in majority, accounting for 76.4% and single bed room, four to six-bed room take only a very small portion, while 4-6 bed room are in the majority of 61.6% in KoreaThere is no private washroom in patient room in Qingdao general hospitals before 1980s and some cases even in 2000s, while in Korean hospitals, private washroom has became an essential component of all types of patient rooms.
Comparison
of Average Proportion of Different Types of Patient Rooms in Qingdao and
Korea
No. of
Beds/NU1-Bed Room2-Bed Room3-Bed Room4-6Bed RoomQingdao General Hospital38.08.1%46.3%30.1%15.4%Korean General Hospital47.316.2%18.2%4.0%61.6%Chang-Ho Moon and Shu-Quan Song 13Slide14
IV. Improvement of the nursing unit of general hospitals in qingdaoSite Selection and Architectural
Form of Inpatient BuildingsIt may be appropriate to build a general hospital in urban fringe area with the connection of subway that provides convenient transportation. Considering the high initial cost, running cost and low work efficiency of high-rise hospital buildings, compact and low-rise design concept may be a better choice for future hospital design. Chang-Ho Moon and Shu-Quan Song 14Slide15
Adoption of New Nursing Unit Design ConceptOne choice is to make the patient rooms arranged on both side of the nursing unit and the central space in the unit is to be expanded to accommodate the support space.Another way
is to use various compact shapes such as triangular, "W", pinwheel, curved rectangular, "T" of ward plan that have been adopted in Korean hospitals with atrium.Considering the nursing care delivery model has changed to primary nursing model, decentralized nurses' station can be a good choice for the future nursing unit design.Chang-Ho Moon and Shu-Quan Song 15Slide16
Improvement of Functional SpaceIn order to support the normal practice, more space is necessary to make nurses’ station, treatment room and others in core support space large.
A sunroom or day room is necessary to improve quality of care and provide a good place for patients, their families and nursing staff to bathe in the sun to have a rest and talk. Chang-Ho Moon and Shu-Quan Song 16Slide17
Improvement of Patient RoomsSince the general hospitals serve various income & social stratum, multi-level patient rooms with corresponding furnishings need to be constructed to provide a variety of choices for different income & social groups.Private washroom becomes an indispensable component of patient room to reduce troubles caused by public washroom
. It is necessary to expand the usable space like distance between beds of multi-bed room to meet the basic requirement on care practice.Chang-Ho Moon and Shu-Quan Song 17Slide18
Creation of color environmentColors play an important role in patient's life. They can have an impact on people’s perceptions and responses to the environment and also affect patient recovery rates, improving the quality and overall experience of patients, staff and visitors, promoting a sense of well-being and independence
At present, almost all the nursing units in Qingdao are covered with white colors, white walls, white ceilings, white coverlets and clothes, although clean, but inevitably also monotonous.A multi-colored system is probably the most effective one for the decoration of hospitals. A good color environment can be created through color combination and contrast in floors, walls, window frames, furniture, coverlets and clothes etc. Chang-Ho Moon and Shu-Quan Song 18Slide19
VI. CONCLUSIONWith the reform of the Medical and Health Care System, the situation of uneven development of health care undertakings between urban area and rural area, unreasonable allocation of resources and weak work on rural and
community health care will be gradually improvedUnder this situation, in near future, hospital construction may transfer from the expansion of hospital scale such as quantity of beds to the improvement of hospital quality like work efficiency and medical environment.The hospital location, building form, shape of ward floor plan, new design concept of ward, and creation of colorful environment are to be considered in order to enhance the nursing unit design.Chang-Ho Moon and Shu-Quan Song 19Slide20
Thank you!
Professor, Chang-Ho Moon(mchangho@kunsan.ac.kr)PhD. Candidate, Shu-Quan
Song
(
song_shuquan@163.com
)
Dept of Architecture & Building Engineering, Kunsan National University,Korea