Starter Task Reread the poem Bullet point one sentence to explain what is going on in each stanza you should end up with 8 bullet points LO To understand the poems form structure and language and be able to comment on their effects on the reader ID: 615178
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Slide1
‘Exposure’ by Wilfred Owen
Starter TaskRe-read the poemBullet point one sentence to explain what is going on in each stanza (you should end up with 8 bullet points)
LO: To understand the poem’s form, structure and language and be able to comment on their effects on the readerSlide2
‘Exposure’ by Wilfred Owen
Starter TaskThe speaker is a soldier in the trenches of WW1. It is night and they are waiting for the enemy to attack, but the trenches are silent and nothing is happening.They can hear the wind and explosions in the distance but nothing is happening where they are.
Dawn breaks and it is raining, wet, cold and miserable.
There are occasional bullets sounding but they seem less dangerous than the freezing weather.
It is snowing heavily and they try to hide from it because they are so cold.They are finally able to sleep and they dream of home.They believe that they have to die to save those at home.He thinks about the night ahead which will be freezing cold and many soldiers will die, but they will still be waiting for the enemy attack.
LO: To understand the poem’s form, structure and language and be able to comment on their effects on the readerSlide3
‘Exposure’ by Wilfred Owen
Our brains ache, in the merciless iced east winds that knive us…Wearied we keep awake because the night is silent…Low, drooping flares confuse our memories of the salient…Worried by silence, sentries whisper, curious, nervous, But nothing happens.
Watching
, we hear the mad gusts tugging on the wire,
Like twitching agonies of men among its brambles.Northward, incessantly, the flickering gunnery rumbles,Far off, like a dull rumour of some other war. What are we doing here?The poignant misery of dawn begins to grow…We only know war lasts, rain soaks, and clouds sag stormy.
Dawn massing in the east her melancholy army
Attacks once more in ranks on shivering ranks of grey,
But nothing happens.Sudden successive flights of bullets streak the silence.Less deadly than the air that shudders black with snow,With sidelong flowing flakes that flock, pause, and renew,We watch them wandering up and down the wind’s nonchalance, But nothing happens.
LO: To understand the poem’s form, structure and language and be able to comment on their effects on the reader
Theme of WarOwen once declared of all his writing that: ‘My theme is war and the pity of war’. In this poem he looks at a particular aspect of how death claimed the lives of so many soldiers.
The soldiers seem to have little idea of where they are, what they are fighting for and for how long it will be. There is only one certainty and it is that war is something that persists.
Theme of Weather
The
freezing conditions are seen as being as dangerous as the enemy. The soldiers are fighting two battles at once and at one point, bullets are seen as less deadly than the cold.
The weather is likened to an army that gathers and assaults the soldiers in the trenches.Slide4
‘Exposure’ by Wilfred Owen
Pale flakes with fingering stealth come feeling for our faces –We cringe in holes, back on forgotten dreams, and stare, snow-dazed,Deep into grassier ditches. So we drowse, sun-dozed,Littered with blossoms trickling where the blackbird fusses. Is it that we are dying?Slowly
our ghosts drag home: glimpsing the sunk fires, glozed
With crusted dark-red jewels; crickets jingle there;
For hours the innocent mice rejoice: the house is theirs;Shutters and doors, all closed: on us the doors are closed, – We turn back to our dying.Since we believe not otherwise can kind fires burn;Nor ever suns smile true on child, or field, or fruit.For God’s invincible spring our love is made afraid;Therefore, not loath, we lie out here; therefore were born,
For
love of God seems dying.
Tonight, His frost will fasten on this mud and us,Shrivelling many hands, puckering foreheads crisp.The burying party, picks and shovels in the shaking grasp,Pause over half-known faces. All their eyes are ice, But nothing happens.LO: To understand the poem’s form, structure and language and be able to comment on their effects on the reader
Theme of Despair
One of the casualties of war is the men’s loss of faith in what they are doing and why they are there. Death is seen as inevitable.The soldiers have lost their religious faith. This implies that they are not looking forward to any sort of after-life once death has occurred and it makes their situation even more distressing.Slide5
‘Exposure’ by Wilfred Owen
Exposure
LO: To understand the poem’s form, structure and language and be able to comment on their effects on the reader
To death
– of themselves and others
To the
extreme weather
conditionsPhotograph- The exposure creates the print and this poem is highly photographic (lots of imagery)Slide6
‘Exposure’ by Wilfred Owen
Our brains ache, in the merciless
i
c
ed east winds that knive u
s
…
Wearied we keep awake because the night is silent…Low, drooping flares confuse our memories of the
salient…Worried by silen
ce, sentries
whisper, curious
, nervous
,
But nothing happens.
LO: To understand the poem’s form, structure and language and be able to comment on their effects on the reader
Sibilance in the opening line
Sound of the wind? = cold & sinister
Sound of a snake = danger
Alliteration
Slower – reflects the length of time waiting
Weariness emphasised
Sibilance
Recreates the sound of silence – hushed waiting
Half rhyme
Owen wants to make us feel uneasy straight away
Short, indented line
Emphasises the disappointment
METAPHOR
The wind is so cold and strong, it is like they are being stabbed by it
Suggests danger & life-threatening Slide7
‘Exposure’ by Wilfred Owen
Watching, we hear the mad gusts tugging on the wire,
Like
twitching agonies of men among its brambles
.Northward, incessantly, the flickering gunnery rumbles,Far off, like a dull rumour
of some other war
.
What are we doing here?LO: To understand the poem’s form, structure and language and be able to comment on their effects on the reader
Participle endingsUsed to prolong the present – emphasises the waiting
Personification
Describing the wind how the men feel themselvesTRANSPOSITION of their own emotions onto outside world
Simile/Metaphor
Famous image
of soldier, dead, wrapped in barbed wire
Rhetorical Question
Why are they fighting?
Protesting / challenging the reader to answer.
Simile
Ironic - like the soldiers’ brains have distanced themselves from the war they’re inSlide8
‘Exposure’ by Wilfred Owen
The poignant misery of dawn begins to grow…We only
know
war lasts, rain soaks, and clouds sag
stormy.Dawn massing in the east her melancholy armyAttacks once more in ranks on
shivering ranks of
grey
,But nothing happens.LO: To understand the poem’s form, structure and language and be able to comment on their effects on the reader
Dawn personified in this stanzaIt is described as an army
Emphasising sadness- Not fear like you’d expect
Half-rhyme
Doesn’t quite rhyme
Rhymes but not in the right placeUnpredictable – like the attack they’re waiting for
Repeated
Becomes a refrain, like the chorus of a song
- Emphasises the waiting
Talking about the battle, but also the inaction of anyone to do anything about the conditions – the war just continues despite the suffering
Transposition
Describing the dawn like this, but also this is how the soldiers feelSlide9
‘Exposure’ by Wilfred Owen
Sudden success
ive
flights
of bullets streak the silenc
e.
Less deadly than the air that
shudders black with snow,With sidelong flowing flakes that flock, pause, and renew,We watch them wandering up and down
the wind’s nonchalance,
But nothing happens.LO: To understand the poem’s form, structure and language and be able to comment on their effects on the reader
SibilanceRepresents the sound of bullets
But ironic because it is a soft sound – the danger is removed & they feel this.
Personification
And Transposition – they are shuddering
Transposition
The people at home are also
nonchalent
about the suffering of the soldiers
Metaphor
Compares bullets to birds
(flying through the sky)
Repetition
Repetition
of ‘nothing’ emphasises the futility (pointlessness) of the situationSlide10
‘Exposure’ by Wilfred Owen
Pale flakes with fingering stealth come feeling
f
or our
faces –We cringe in holes, back on forgotten dreams, and stare,
snow-dazed
,
Deep into grassier ditches. So we drowse, sun-dozed,Littered with blossoms trickling where the blackbird fusses.
Is it that we are dying?
LO: To understand the poem’s form, structure and language and be able to comment on their effects on the readerPersonification
Makes the snow seem sneaky/sly/crafty – nightmarish image.Suggesting that nature has wicked intentions – the silent enemy.
Alliteration
Harsh ‘f’ sound reflects the harsh conditions. Sounds angry/aggressive.
Theme of Despair
They are reminiscing about better times.
Dreamless = hopeless.
Contrasting images highlight the difference between their normal lives and war.
They dream of home while dosing and these memories are soft, warm and comforting.
Rhetorical Question
Suggests that they are weary / losing consciousnessSlide11
‘Exposure’ by Wilfred Owen
Slowly our ghosts drag home: glimpsing the sunk fires, glozedWith crusted dark-red jewels; crickets jingle there;
For hours the
innocent mice rejoice
: the house is theirs;Shutters and doors, all closed: on us the doors are closed, – We
turn back to our
dying
.LO: To understand the poem’s form, structure and language and be able to comment on their effects on the readerMetaphor for dreaming
Suggests death: at home the men are only memories and they may never return. “drag” shows the effort it takes to even dream.
Glozed = to flatter or ‘gloss over’ the truthIs this dream temporarily ‘glossing over’ the reality of war?
Comforting images of home:
‘Dark-red’ suggests warmthsound of ‘crickets’ outside on a summer’s night in comparison to the sounds of bullets;
Also ‘cricket’ as traditionally English; ‘jingle’ suggests
celebration, family. Love, food, warmth at Christmas.
The trenches were infested with vermin.‘innocent mice’ could also be a metaphor for the young, ‘innocent’ soldiers who often signed up and were ‘blind’ to the realities of war.
Repetition
…of ‘closed’ and ‘dying’ (from previous stanza).
Highlights the hopelessness of their situation - all other options (apart from death) are closed to them.
Theme of despairSlide12
‘Exposure’ by Wilfred Owen
Since we believe not otherwise can kind fires
burn
;
Nor ever suns smile true on child, or field, or fruit
.
For
God’s invincible spring our love is made afraid;Therefore, not loath
, we lie out here; therefore were born, For love of God seems dying
.LO: To understand the poem’s form, structure and language and be able to comment on their effects on the reader
What is the significance of faith and religion here?
How are the men feeling about God and why?Owen is heavily emphasising this message about God. Why?
?
Use the prompts to make your own annotations
What is the effect of personification here?
These words sound similar but do not rhyme completely – what is the effect?
What is the effect of the ‘
fr
’ sound repeated here?
What is the effect of the rhyme here?
What theme/s do all these relate to & how / why?Slide13
‘Exposure’ by Wilfred Owen
Tonight, His frost will fasten on this mud and us,Shrivelling many hands,
puckering
foreheads cri
sp.The burying party, picks
and shovels in the shaking gra
s
p,Pause over half-known faces. All their eyes are ice, But
nothing happens.
LO: To understand the poem’s form, structure and language and be able to comment on their effects on the reader
Who is ‘He’? What does this suggest about ‘Him’?
What is the effect of this metaphor?
What else could have been half-done?
What mood/tone does this create. What is the effect of the alliteration of the ‘p’ sound?
What is the effect of the sibilance at the end of each line in this stanza?
What are the definitions of these two words? What does it suggest about what is happening to the soldiers?