Stanza A group of lines of verse usually set off from other groups by a space Think of a stanza as a poetry paragraph Poets may start a new stanza to shift the focus of the poem change the tone ID: 531153
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Slide1
More Poetic Terms to KnowSlide2
Stanza
A group of lines of verse, usually set off from other groups by a space.
Think of a stanza as a “poetry paragraph”
Poets may start a new stanza to:shift the focus of the poemchange the tonecreate a pause for the readerGroup ideas together (or keep them apart)Slide3
Free Verse
a
form
of poetry that does not use consistent meter patterns, rhyme, or any other musical pattern. It thus can follow the rhythm of natural speech, or have no rhythm at all!A free verse poem may still utilize rhyme and meter, but is not dependent on it.Slide4
Narrative Poetry
A narrative poem takes the form of a story
.
It’s roots are linked to the oral tradition, and its formal meter and rhyme structure made it easier to memorize and deliver. Narrative poetry shares many literary attributes with short stories and novels including having a: narrator, character(s), setting, plot, conflict and resolution.Slide5
Beowulf
Perhaps the most influential narrative
poem
is the Old English epic called Beowulf. (It is over 3000 lines long!)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v9qpqyO_dmUSlide6
The Listeners-
Walter De La
Mare (1979)
"IS anybody there?" said the Traveller,
Knocking on the moonlit door;
And his horse in the silence chomped the grasses
Of the forest's ferny floor.
And a bird flew up out of the turret,
Above the traveller's head:
And he smote upon the door a second time;
"Is there anybody there?" he said.
But no one descended to the Traveller;
No head from the leaf-fringed sill
Leaned over and looked into his grey eyes,Where he stood perplexed and still.But only a host of phantom listenersThat dwelt in the lone house thenStood listening in the quiet of the moonlightTo that voice from the world of men:Stood thronging the faint moonbeams on the dark stairThat goes down to the empty hall,Hearkening in an air stirred and shakenBy the lonely Traveller's call.And he felt in his heart their strangeness,Their stillness answering his cry,While his horse moved, cropping the dark turf,'Neath the starred and leafy sky;For he suddenly smote the door, evenLouder, and lifted his head:-"Tell them I came, and no one answered,That I kept my word," he said.Never the least stir made the listeners,Though every word he spakeFell echoing through the shadowiness of the still houseFrom the one man left awake:Aye, they heard his foot upon the stirrup,And the sound of iron on stone,And how the silence surged softly backward,When the plunging hoofs were gone.Slide7
a form of poetry which expresses personal emotions or
feelings
the term derives from a form of Ancient Greek literature, the lyric, which was defined by its musical accompaniment, usually on a stringed instrument known as a
lyreBecause lyrical poetry is “music like”, it often depends on “rules” that help establish a pattern of sounds. For example there may be:Set meters (ex. Iambic pentameter)Set rhyme schemes (ex. ABAB CDCD EFEF GG)Lyric PoetrySlide8
From the Italian
sonetto
, which means “a little sound or song," the sonnet is a popular classical
form.Traditionally, the sonnet is a fourteen-line poem which:Is written in iambic pentameter employs one of several rhyme schemesadheres to a tightly structured thematic
organization
Two
sonnet forms provide the models from which all other sonnets are formed: the
Petrachan
and the Shakespearean.
SonnetSlide9
The first and most common sonnet is the Petrarchan, or Italian.
It is named
after one of its greatest practitioners, the Italian poet
PetrarchIt is divided into two stanzas, the octave (the first eight lines) followed by the answering sestet (the final six lines). The tightly woven rhyme scheme, abba, abba, cdecde or
cdcdcd
, is suited for the rhyme-rich Italian language, though there are many fine examples in English.
The
Petrarchan presents an argument, observation, question, or some other answerable charge in the octave, a turn, or
volta
, occurs between the eighth and ninth lines. This turn marks a shift in the direction of the foregoing argument or narrative, turning the sestet into the vehicle for the counterargument, clarification, or whatever answer the octave demands.
The
Petrachian
SonnetSlide10
Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame, (a)
With conquering limbs astride from land to land; (b)
Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand (b)
A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame (a)Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name (a)Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand (b)Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command (b)The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame. (a)'Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!' cries she (c)
With silent lips. 'Give me your tired, your poor, (d)
Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, (c)
The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. (d)
Send these, the homeless, tempest-
tost
to me, (c)
I lift my lamp beside the golden door!' (d)
*
Trivia tip… In 1903, this poem was engraved on a plaque and placed on the lower level of the Statue of Liberty, where it can still be found
today.
The New Colossus- Emma Lazarus Slide11
The second major type of
sonnet is
the Shakespearean, or English
sonnetit has three quatrains (4 lined stanzas) and a couplet (a 2 lined stanza) Follows the rhyme scheme: abab, cdcd, efef, gg
.
The
couplet plays a pivotal role, usually arriving in the form of a conclusion, amplification, or even refutation of the previous three stanzas, often creating an
epiphany at
the
end.
The
Shakspearean
SonnetSlide12
My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun;
Coral is far more red than her lips’ red;
If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun;
If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.I have seen roses damasked, red and white,But no such roses see I in her cheeks;And in some perfumes is there more delightThan in the breath that from my mistress reeks.I love to hear her speak, yet well I know
That music hath a far more pleasing sound;
I grant I never saw a goddess go;
My mistress when she walks treads on the ground.
And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare
As any she belied with false compare
Shakespeare’s Sonnet 130Slide13
Haiku
a Japanese poem of seventeen syllables, in three lines of five, seven, and
five.
traditionally evokes images of the natural world and has a seasonal reference.The art of this form of poetry is that it should express much (and hint at more) in the fewest possible words. Therefore, choosing the “perfect” words is critical.Slide14
On TUESDAY we will have a game!
The game will be based on understanding the terms and devices that were discussed in the 2 slideshows we looked at.
The game will be multiple choice questions only.
You will be asked to:1. Read a sample line(s) from a poem and identify a deviceEx. “Her sly Mona Lisa smile” contains an example of:a) Simile b) metaphor c) allusion d) hyperbole e) alliteration2. Read 2 poems and identify devices used AND compare/contrast.
Ex. Which of the 2 poems utilizes allusion?
3. Know definitions.
Ex. A series of words in proximity that have the same first consonant sound.
a) Irony b) Metaphor c) Allusion d) Alliteration