Algonquian Speaking Nation Also known as the Tsistsistas which means Beautiful People and as the Sotaaeo Split into Northern and Southern Cheyenne in 1850 Creation Story Similar to Christianitys Old Testament and Gods creation of Adam and Eve ID: 703482
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Slide1
Northern CheyenneSlide2
Who Are The Northern Cheyenne?
Algonquian Speaking Nation
Also known as the
Tsistsistas
, which means Beautiful People and as the
So’taae’o
Split into Northern and Southern Cheyenne in 1850. Slide3
Creation Story
Similar to Christianity’s Old Testament and God’s creation of Adam and Eve.
Haemmawihio
created man from his right rib and woman from his left.
Heammawihio
moved woman to the north and man in the south.
Twice a year the two battle for control of the earthSlide4
Where Did They Live?
Original homeland was in the woodlands near the Great Lakes
Placed in Indian Territory 1877
Escaped Indian Territory on September 10, 1878
Tongue River Reservation 1884Slide5
Northern Cheyenne ExodusEscape to Montana
“ We dodged the soldiers during most of the way, but they were always near us and trying to catch us. Our young men fought them off in seven different battles. At each fight, some of our people were killed, women or children the same as men. I do not know how many of our grown-up people were killed. But I know that more than 60 of our children were gone when we got to the Dakota Country.”
~ Susan Iron TeethSlide6
Little Wolf
and
Dull KnifeSlide7
Food
Women picked wild plant foods
Buffalo were hunted in two ways:
Shooting or lancing from horseback
Impounding, jumping or driving into deep snow
Meat butchering was shared by men and women, but the drying and storage was women’s work
.Slide8
Clothing
Men wore
Women woreLeggings Dresses
Shirts Protective Rope
Breech Cloths Moccasins
Moccasins Buffalo Robes
Buffalo RobesSlide9
Shelter
Earthern
Lodges and Bark Huts
Tepees
3 pole structure
Covered in buffalo skinsSlide10
Transportation
Before horses used dogs to pull travois.
Horses became new way of transportation:
Saddles
Bridles
Ropes
travoisSlide11
Sacred Sites and Objects
Bear Butte
Sturgis, SD
Known as Noavose
, meaning “The Hill Where the People Are Taught.”
Sweet Medicine received the Four Sacred Arrows from
Ma’heo’o
here.
Deer Medicine Rocks
Located on reservation
Where
Hunkpapa
Lakota Chief Sitting Bull went prior to battle of Little Big Horn
.
Lake
DeSmet
Central to spiritual ceremonies
North of Buffalo, WY
Cheyenne would go here for spiritual quests.
Sacred Hat
Esevone
, the Sacred Buffalo Hat
Source of female renewing power.
Brought the Sun Dance, blesses the male and female relationships ensuring continual strength, harmony, and new life for the people and their world.
Sacred Arrows
Four black painted arrows given to Sweet Medicine at Bear Butte.Slide12
Recreation
Hoop Game
Dolls
Lacrosse
Musical
InstrumentsSlide13
Family Patterns
Marriage was postponed until a man had a respectable war record
Courtship lasted several years
Girls were chaperoned by familiesA girl’s brother had authority over her marriage.
Marriage was often to a brother’s friend or member of his military society.Slide14Slide15
Life Cycle
Babies
Umbilical cord was dried and saved
6 months ears were pierced Were not named until 5 or 6 years old
Puberty
For girls a horse was given away in honor of becoming a woman.
Boys took active role in hunting and war parties
Vision Quests
Adulthood
Marked by achievement
Death
Spirits traveled up to the Hanging Road or Milky Way to
Seyan
.
In mourning women cut their hair and gashed themselves and men loosened their hair.Slide16
Division of Labor
Men
Women
Hunting
Meat Butchering
Warfare
Made weapons
Painted robes
Ceremonial Life
Doctoring the sick
Meat Butchering
Drying and storage
Gathering fuel and wild plant foods.
Preparation of clothing and robes
Preparation of Lodges
Pitching and dismantling tepeesSlide17
Education Before Formal Schooling
Education Included:
Language
Ceremonies, customs, and traditions
Tribal government
Gender roles
Morals
Botany, biology, astronomy, geography
Child rearing
Hunting, weaponry
Food preparation, nutrition, agriculture
Bead work, sewing, making clothing, tanning hides
Keeping a lodge
Religion
Healing and medicineSlide18
Education Boarding Schools
St.
Labre
Indian School 1884
Cheyenne children forcibly taken from their families and taken to Catholic boarding school
.
1904, the Tongue River Boarding school
opened.
An
Indian Bureau
SchoolSlide19
How Do They Control Their Society
Sovereign Government
Tribal Council
Members from Ashland, Birney,
Bubsy
, Muddy, and Lame Deer
Maintains reservation including:
Waterways
Watercourses and streamsSlide20
Problems
Loss of Land
Loss of Language
PovertySlide21
Northern CheyennePresent Day Reservation
Located in Southeastern Montana
Districts
General- Lame Deer
Ashland
Birney
Busby
Muddy (vacant)
444,000 acres with 99% tribal ownership
10,050 enrolled tribal members with 4,939 on the reservationSlide22
References
(April 2002). Cheyenne Indian. Retrieved from
http://
www.cheyenneindian.com/cheyenne_history_001.htm
Biles
, J. (2012). Exhibits feature Indian art, Curtis Photos. Retrieved
from
http
://
cjonline.com/blog-post/jan-biles/2012-04-20/exhibits-feature-indian-art-curtis-photos
Marjane
, A., Little Bear, R.E., Wilson, D., Tall Bull, L.,
Hantz
, J., Ward, C.,
Wertman
, B.
(
2008). We, the Northern Cheyenne People:
our land, our history, our culture.
Northern
Cheyenne Exodus. (2013, February 5). In
Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
. Retrieved 01:23, February 24, 2013, from
http://
en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Cheyenne_Exodus&oldid=536684695
Omaha public Schools. (2009). Cheyenne.
http://www.ops.org/elementary/bancroft/SPECIALISTS/ComputerLab/MRSPEARSON/Curriculum/PlainsIndians/Cheyenne/tabid/210/Default.aspx
http
://
hoocher.com/Frederic_Remington/Frederic_Remington.htm
Rock, J. Whitehorse Tipi Village.
http://
www.whitehorsetipis.co.uk/Tipis.html
Little Coyote, J. (2002). An Overview of Northern Cheyenne Culture and History.
http://
www.blm.gov/pgdata/etc/medialib/blm/mt/field_offices/miles_city/og_eis/cheyenne.Par.48387.File.dat/Chap2.pdf
http://
www.aaanativearts.com/cheyenne-indians/northern-cheyenne-tribe.htm
(2013). Countries and Their Cultures: Cheyenne-economy.
http://
www.everyculture.com/North-America/Cheyenne-Economy.html
http://www.cheyennenation.com/