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Safety & Health Consultation Personal Protective Equipment

Personal Protective Equipment [1910.132 – 138] 2 SUBPART I Respirators – Medical Evaluation Respirators – Written Program PPE – Provided Used and Maintained in Sanitary and Reliable Condition PPE – Appropriate Eye and Face Protection PPE – Certification of Hazard Assessment

Safety & Health Consultation Protecting Employees from Workplace Hazards Employers must protect employees from workplace hazards such as machines, hazardous substances, and dangerous work procedures that can cause injury Employers must: Use all feasible engineering and work practice controls to eliminate and reduce hazards Then use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) if these controls do not eliminate the hazards. Remember, PPE is the last level of control!

Safety & Health Consultation Engineering Controls If . . . The machine or work environment can be physically changed to prevent employee exposure to the potential hazard, Then . . . The hazard can be eliminated with an engineering control.

Safety & Health Consultation Engineering Controls Initial design specifications Substitute less harmful material Change process Enclose processIsolate processVentilation Examples . . .

Safety & Health Consultation Work Practice Controls If . . . Employees can be removed from exposure to the potential hazard by changing the way they do their jobs, Then . . . The hazard can be eliminated with a work practice control.

Safety & Health Consultation Work Practice Controls Use of wet methods to suppress dust Personal hygiene Housekeeping and maintenance Job rotation of workers Examples . . .

Safety & Health Consultation Examples of PPE Eye - safety glasses, goggles Face - face shields Head - hard hats Feet - safety shoesHands and arms - glovesBodies - vests Hearing - earplugs, earmuffs

General Requirements ApplicationProtective equipment, including personal protective equipment shall be provided, used, and maintained in a sanitary and reliable condition. Safety & Health Consultation 1910.132(a)

Employee Owned Equipment Where employees provide their own protective equipment, the employer shall be responsible to assure its adequacy, including proper maintenance, and sanitation. Safety & Health Consultation 1910.132(b)

PPE Design All personal protective equipment shall be of safe design and construction for the work to be performed. Safety & Health Consultation 1910.132(c)

Safety & Health Consultation Establishing a PPE Program Sets out procedures for selecting, providing and using PPE as part of an employer’s routine operation First -- assess the workplace to determine if hazards are present, or are likely to be present, which necessitate the use of PPE Once the proper PPE has been selected, the employer must provide training to each employee who is required to use PPE 1910.132(d)

Must be job and area basedRequires written certification identifying the document as such including: Person certifying that the evaluation was performed Date of evaluation Safety & Health Consultation Establishing a PPE Program 1910.132(d)

Impact PenetrationCompression Chemical Heat/cold/wet Harmful dust Light radiation Safety & Health ConsultationEstablishing a PPE Program 1910.132(d)

Safety & Health Consultation Training When PPE is necessary What type of PPE is necessary How to properly put on, take off, adjust, and wear Limitations of the PPEProper care, maintenance, useful life and disposal Employees required to use PPE must be trained to know at least the following: 1910.132(f) Employee must demonstrate knowledge

PPE Payment Safety & Health Consultation The employer must pay for all PPE used in the workplace, except : Non-specialty safety-toe footwear and non-specialty prescription safety eyewear provided the employer allows it to be worn off the jobsiteBuilt-in metatarsals (as long as the employer provides another type of metatarsal protection when required) Logging bootsEveryday work clothing and ordinary clothing, skin creams, etc., used solely for protection from weather 1910.132(h)

PPE Payment The employer must pay for replacement PPE unless it is lost or intentionally damaged . If the employer provides adequate and appropriate PPE, but the employee prefers a different type, the employer does not have to pay for it. Safety & Health Consultation 1910.132(h)

Safety & Health Consultation Eye and Face Protection 1910.133

Safety & Health Consultation Causes of Eye and Face Injuries Dust and other flying particles, such as metal shavings or sawdust Molten metal that might splash Acids and other caustic liquid chemicals that might splash Blood and other potentially infectious body fluids that might splash, spray, or splatter Intense light such as that created by welding and lasers

General Requirements The employer shall ensure that each affected employee used appropriate eye or face protection when exposed to eye or face hazards. Safety & Health Consultation 1910.133(a)(1)

The employer shall ensure that each affected employee uses eye protection that provides side protection when there is a hazard of flying objects. Safety & Health Consultation General Requirements 1910.133(a)(2)

The employer shall ensure that each affected employee who wears prescription lenses while engaged in operations that involve eye hazards wears eye protection that incorporates the prescription in its design, or wears eye protection that can be worn over the prescription lenses. Safety & Health Consultation General Requirements 1910.133(a)(3)

Criteria Criteria for protective eye and face devices ANSI Z87.1-2003 ANSI Z87.1-1989 (R-1998) ANSI Z87.1-1989Safety & Health Consultation 1910.133(b)

Safety & Health Consultation Safety Spectacles Made with metal/plastic safety frames Most operations require side shields Used for moderate impact from particles produced by such jobs as carpentry, woodworking, grinding, and scaling

Safety & Health Consultation Goggles Protect eyes, eye sockets, and the facial area immediately surrounding the eyes from impact, dust, and splashes Some goggles fit over corrective lenses

Safety & Health Consultation Welding Shields Protect eyes from burns caused by infrared or intense radiant light, and protect face and eyes from flying sparks, metal spatter, and slag chips produced during welding, brazing, soldering, and cutting.

Safety & Health Consultation Laser Safety Goggles Protect eyes from intense concentrations of light produced by lasers.

Safety & Health Consultation Face Shields Protect the face from nuisance dusts and potential splashes or sprays of hazardous liquids Do not protect employees from impact hazards

Safety & Health Consultation Head Protection 1910.135

Safety & Health Consultation Causes of Head Injuries Falling objects Bumping head against fixed objects, such as exposed pipes or beams Contact with exposed electrical conductors

General Requirements The employer shall ensure that each affected employee wears a protective helmet when working in areas where there is a potential for injuries to the head from falling objects. Safety & Health Consultation 1910.135(a)(1)

General Requirements The employer shall ensure that a protective helmet designed to reduce electrical shock hazard is worn by each such affected employee when near exposed electrical conductors which could contact the head . Safety & Health Consultation 1910.135(a)(2)

Criteria Criteria for protective helmets ANSI Z89.1-2003 ANSI Z89.1-1997 ANSI Z89.1-1986Safety & Health Consultation 1910.135(b)(1) – (2)

Safety & Health Consultation Types of Hard Hats Type I Conventional hard hats that are designed to reduce the force of impact to the top of the head, neck, and spine Type II New designs that offer additional impact protection to the front, sides and back, as well as the top of the head

Safety & Health Consultation Classes of Hard Hats Class E (electrical) Tested to withstand 20,000 volts Class G (general) Tested to withstand 2,200 voltsClass C (conductive)Provides no electrical protection

Safety & Health Consultation Hearing Protection 1910.95

Safety & Health Consultation Earmuffs Earplugs Canal Caps Examples of Hearing Protectors 1910.95(b)(1)

Safety & Health Consultation Foot Protection 1910.136

Safety & Health Consultation Causes of Foot Injuries Heavy objects such as barrels or tools that might roll onto or fall on employees’ feet Sharp objects such as nails or spikes that might pierce the soles or uppers of ordinary shoes Molten metal that might splash on feet Hot or wet surfacesSlippery surfaces

General Requirements The employer shall ensure that each affected employee uses protective footwear when working in areas where there is a danger of foot injuries . Safety & Health Consultation 1910.136(a)

Criteria Criteria for protective footwear ANSI Z41-1999 ANSI Z41-1991ASTM F2412-05 and F2413-05 Safety & Health Consultation 1910.136(b)(1) – (2)

Safety & Health Consultation Safety Shoes Have impact-resistant toes and heat-resistant soles that protect against hot surfaces common in roofing, paving, and hot metal industries Some have metal insoles to protect against puncture wounds May be designed to be electrically conductive for use in explosive atmospheres, or nonconductive to protect from workplace electrical hazards

Safety & Health Consultation Metatarsal Guards A part of the shoes or strapped to the outside of shoes to protect the instep from impact and compression.

Safety & Health Consultation Hand Protection 1910.138

General Requirements Employers shall select and require employees to use appropriate hand protection when employees’ hands are exposed to hazards. Safety & Health Consultation 1910.138(a)

Safety & Health Consultation What are some of the hand injuries you need to guard against? Burns Bruises Abrasions CutsPuncturesFractures AmputationsChemical Exposures

Selection Employers shall base the selection of the appropriate hand protection on an evaluation of the performance characteristics of the hand protection relative to the task(s) to be performed, conditions present, duration of use, and hazards identified Safety & Health Consultation 1910.138(b)

Safety & Health Consultation Norfoil laminate resists permeation and breakthrough by an array of toxic/hazardous chemicals. Butyl provides the highest permeation resistance to gas or water vapors; frequently used for ketones (M.E.K., Acetone) and esters (Amyl Acetate, Ethyl Acetate). Types of Gloves

Safety & Health Consultation Viton is highly resistant to permeation by chlorinated and aromatic solvents. Nitrile provides protection against a wide variety of solvents, harsh chemicals, fats and petroleum products and also provides excellent resistance to cuts, snags, punctures and abrasions. Types of Gloves

Safety & Health Consultation Kevlar protects against cuts, slashes, and abrasion. Stainless steel mesh protects against cuts and lacerations. Types of Gloves

Safety & Health Consultation Body Protection 1910.132(a)

Safety & Health Consultation Causes of Body Injuries Intense heat Splashes of hot metals and other hot liquids Impacts from tools, machinery, and materials CutsHazardous chemicalsContact with potentially infectious materials, like blood Radiation

Safety & Health Consultation Cooling Vest Sleeves and Apron Body Protection

Safety & Health Consultation Coveralls Full Body Suit Body Protection

Safety & Health Consultation Summary Assess the workplace for hazards Use engineering and work practice controls to eliminate or reduce hazards before using PPE Select appropriate PPE to protect employees from hazards that cannot be eliminated Inform employees why the PPE is necessary and when it must be wornTrain employees how to use and care for their PPE and how to recognize deterioration and failure Require employees to wear selected PPE in the workplace Employers must implement a PPE program where they:

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