The Road to Revolution - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

The Road to Revolution

Chapter 7Slide2

Essential Question?

Why did the American colonists rebel against Great Britain? Slide3

7 Years War

British victory was very costly.Parliament forced American colonists to pay the soldiers and other costs of war.

Revolution based on economic policies. Slide4

Roots of Revolution

Colonists influenced by the Enlightenment

Philosophers revived old Roman idea of Republic.

What is a Republic?

Also influenced by radical British politicians known as Whigs, who warned against absolute monarchs.Slide5

Mercantilism

What is mercantilism?

Hints:

You learned it in World and Civics!Slide6

Mercantilism

Wealth and power are determined by the amount of gold and silver a nation possesses.

A nation would become powerful by

exporting

more than they

import.

How would having a colony benefit a nation under the

mercantile

system?Slide7

Mercantilism

The “mother country” can exploit the resources of a colony.

In addition, they could force the colony to buy goods manufactured in the “motherland”.

American colonies provided

tobacco, sugar, pelts, and ship building supplies.

Laws were passed to ensure that this system was followed.

* 1

st

law:

Navigation Law

(1650).Slide8

Mercantilism

(Colonial Perspective)

Pros

Loosely enforced prior to 1763

Tobacco, ship-building monopoly

Protection of the British Army and Navy

Cons

Currency shortage in colonies

Competition stifled

Perpetual economic adolescence Slide9

Stamp Tax

Beginning in 1763 a series of taxes from Britain caused an uproar in America.

Stamp Act

Tax on all public papers including sales receipts, legal documents, newspapers, diplomas, etc.

A similar tax had existed in Britain for decades. Slide10

Colonial Reaction to the Stamp Act

Colonists were shocked to see that the crown had taxed them after a century of salutary neglect.

Violators of the Stamp Act would be tried in a court without a jury!!

Accused assumed to be guilty.

Funds raised through this act were to pay for the royal army located in the colonies.

Colonists began to ask why an Army was needed if there was not a war?

Parliament created the law, yet the colonists had no vote in Parliament!Slide11

Stamp Act

“No taxation without representation!”Slide12

Colonial Reaction to the Stamp Act

Colonies met for the

Stamp Act Congress

(1765).

Unified the colonies, who had before acted separately on all matters.

Colonies agreed to non- importation agreements on British goods.

Defiant colonists formed the

Sons of Liberty

, a radical group that terrorized British officials in the colonies and influenced other colonists.

Parliament repealed

the Stamp Act in 1766.Slide13

Townshend Acts

1767New tax on glass, lead, paper, paint, and

TEA

.

Most colonists drank tea

Parliament suspended the NY legislature for failure to enforce Townshend.

Non-importation agreements used as with the Stamp Act.Slide14

Boston Massacre?

To enforce the Townshend Act

, British soldiers were sent to Boston.

1770: colonists harass, taunt, soldiers; surround them and throw rocks and snowballs.

Soldiers fire into crowd, 5 died.Slide15

Boston Massacre

Word of the event spread quickly and unified the colonies.

Crispus

Attucks ->

Died at the Boston MassacreSlide16

British Figures

King George III

Prime Minister Lord NorthSlide17

Committees of Correspondence

Network between cities; established to exchange anti-British propaganda.

Eventually became a major communications tool.

Samuel Adams -> Slide18

Tea Time

Parliament awarded the British East India Company a monopoly for supplying tea to the colonies.

What could happen if a monopoly is established???Slide19

Boston Tea Party

1773: To protest the monopoly, the Sons of Liberty

dressed as Indians, boarded a boat in Boston Harbor, and dumped all of the tea they could find into the ocean. Slide20

British Reaction

Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts

Closed Boston Harbor

Soldiers were sent to Britain for trial rather than be tried in the colonies.

Quartering Act

Allowed British soldiers to take homes of colonists.

Quebec Act

: made unsettled Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, etc., part of Quebec .

Colonists feared Quebec, why?Slide21

1

st Continental Congress

12 colonies agree to a meeting in 1774.

Colonies sent representatives like

George Washington, S. Adams, John Adams, Patrick Henry, John Hancock.

Wrote the

Declaration of Rights:

an appeal to the King to repeal taxes and laws in dispute.

Boycott of British goods.

1

st

Continental Congress

does not

seek independence!!!!Slide22

Shot Heard Round the World

British near Boston feared the local colonial militia.

Troops sent to seize militia weapons and arrest Sons of Liberty.

A band of colonists met the soldiers outside of Boston in

Lexington, MA.

British soldiers (

Redcoats)

and colonists exchange fire.

8 Americans Dead!!!!Slide23

Shot Heard Round the World

British continued on their march toward the colonial arsenal.

Colonists regrouped, met them in

Concord, MA.

Intense battle raged

.

Colonists kill 300, Redcoats must retreat.Slide24

The Match-up!

Great Britain

7.5 million (population)

Established army

World’s best navy

Lots of $

Hired mercenaries from other country

Many colonists stayed loyal

3,000 miles from home

Problems in Europe

Manufactured goods

13 Colonies

2.5 million

Militias

Defensive war

Highly dispersed population

Aid from foreign nations

Great leadership

Abundant agriculture

Colonies often squabbled

Lack of $

No manufactured goods

Fighting for LIBERTY!Slide25

American Patriots

George Washington

Benjamin FranklinSlide26

American Patriots

John Hancock

Samuel AdamsSlide27

American Patriots

John Adams

Thomas JeffersonSlide28

American Patriots

Patrick Henry

“Give me liberty, or give me death.”Slide29

American Patriots?

Marquis de Lafayette

Baron von

StuebenSlide30

Essential Question?

Why did the American colonists rebel against Great Britain?