PPT-Earthquakes & Seismic Waves

For a quick laugh Geologists use 2 terms when discussing the location of an earthquake Focus The area beneath Earths surface where the rock that is under stress actually breaks Epicenter. Mr. Altorfer. Science. EARTHQUAKES. Earthquakes. A. . . What are earthquakes?. 1. . . Earthquakes. are vibrations in the ground that result from movement along breaks in Earth's lithosphere.. 2. . The forces that move . Lesson objective: To be able to explain the characteristics and spatial distribution of earthquakes . Key terminology . Focus . Epicentre. Asthenosphere . Lithosphere . P and S waves . Surface waves . ● What is Seismology?. ● What are Seismic Waves?: Types of Seismic waves. ● Where do Earthquakes Happen?. ● Why do Earthquakes Happen?. ● How is the Epicenter of an Earthquake Located?. ● How are Earthquakes Magnitude Measured?. Seismology: the study of earthquakes. Seismic waves: terminology, classification, the transfer of energy, how waves move. Measuring earthquakes. Layers of the Earth and seismic waves. What information a seismologist is able to interpret from a seismogram. What we can learn from. what we can’t feel. Celeste Labedz. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology. Summer Internship 2014. What can ambient seismic. Part 3: Earthquakes.   . outline differences in P, S and L energy waves produced by an earthquake .   . identify energy transfers and transformations involved in L waves as they travel along the earth’s crust . ITET G. . MAGGIOLINI . & . “The green . school. network. ” . present. . What. . is. an . earthquake. ?. An earthquake (also known as a quake, . tremor) . is the . shaking of the surface. of the Earth, resulting from the sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves. . An . earthquake. is a shaking of the ground caused by the sudden movement of large blocks of rock along a fault. Earthquakes occur along faults.. A . fault. is a fracture, or break, in Earth’s lithosphere, along which blocks of rock move past each other.. Earthquake Mechanisms. Brittle Mechanical Model: “stick-slip”. Focal point: 3D point inside the lithosphere where the seismic event occurs. Epicenter: projection of focal point to the map surface . ANNALS OF GEOPHYSICSVOL 47N 2/3April/June 2004regime consisting of central and local govern-ments canton and county Meanwhile there wasa reform and a standardization of the writing sys-tem From t teleseisms. ), the waves of greatest amplitudes are generally surface waves that have followed the Earth’s surface and not penetrated the interior. The exceptions are seismograms of deep focus earthquakes, which are not effective generators of surface waves, so that the body waves are more prominent. The dominance of surface waves on . (Page 51). BEFORE, you learned. • Most earthquakes occur along tectonic plate boundaries . • Different directions of stress cause normal, reverse, and strike-slip faults. NOW, you will learn. • How energy from an earthquake travels through Earth . Kurdistan Region- Iraq. Ministry of Higher Education . & Scientific Research. . Salahaddin. University- Erbil. Geology - 3th Year. 2. nd. Semester . Jan. . 202. 1. Lec.1. 2. Seismic Method . (Applied Seismology). Acronyms & Glossary. 10 October 2023. Acronyms & Glossary. 2. Numerical.  . 2D. -. Seismic survey conducted with a sparse series of lines across a target. . 2.5D. -. Restricted access 3D surveying, where only selected 2D lines are matched to the 3D baseline. (See MMV1 report)..