Selective breeding used to improve the genetic quality of farm animals Is a form of artificial selection selective pressure exerted by humans on populations in order to improve or modify particular desirable traits ID: 167186
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Slide1
Artificial Selection and BiotechnologySlide2
Selective breeding
used to improve the genetic quality of farm animals
Is a form of artificial selection (selective pressure exerted by humans on populations in order to improve or modify particular desirable traits Slide3
Selective breeding and artificial selection are a type of biotechnology
BIOTECHNOLOGY: is the use of technology and organisms to produce useful productsSlide4
Artificial Selection
Has had a large impact on human survival
Most of the food we eat-grains, fruits, vegetables, meat, and milk comes from species that have been selectively bred
Eg
. Artificial selection has resulted in cows that produce more milk
Some varieties of chicken are bred to produce large numbers of eggs
Some animals, such as domestic cats are bred for their appearanceSlide5
Key difference b/w natural selection and artificial selection?
Is that in natural selection , the environment plays the role that humans play in artificial selectionSlide6
Food Crops
The food crops that we depend on for most of our diet- rice, corn, wheat, and vegetables are the result of selective breeding. Slide7
Food Crops
con’t
-Wild mustard has been modified by selective breeding to create many common crops, including broccoli,
brussel
sprouts and
cauliflower
The
traits of the artificially selected varieties all differ from the wild plant, but they are members of the same species and can interbreed and produce viable
offspring.
brocciflower
???Slide8
WHY?
Increase their nutritional value
Harvest yield
Drought resistant
Pest resistantSlide9
Limits to artificial selection
If plants that are bred to grow quickly, they may not tolerate poor soil conditionsSlide10
Consequences of Artificial Selection
Bulldogs are selectively bred for flat faces, the trait results in severe respiratory problems
German shepherds suffer from hip dysplasiaSlide11
Monoculture
Extensive plantings of the same varieties of a species over large expanses of land
Easier to manage fields but if a new disease or pest infests, the whole crop could be killed or severely damaged