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Chemical Composition of Fibers Chemical Composition of Fibers

Chemical Composition of Fibers - PowerPoint Presentation

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Chemical Composition of Fibers - PPT Presentation

Chemical Composition of Fibers Fibers are polymers long chains made of simple molecules Natural Fibers Wool Polymer Polypeptide chains forming the protein keratin Monomer amino acids one of which is cysteine cysteine contains ID: 711144

amino fibers cysteine monomer fibers amino monomer cysteine www acids natural protein wool http chains synthetic linked polymer cellulose

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Slide1

Chemical Composition of FibersSlide2

Chemical Composition of Fibers

Fibers are polymers:

long chains made of simple moleculesSlide3

Natural Fibers

Wool

Polymer= Polypeptide chains (forming the protein keratin)

Monomer= amino acids (one of which is cysteine . . .cysteine contains Sulfur)

http://www.leydenglenlamb.com/photos.htmSlide4

Natural Fibers

Wool

Polymer= Polypeptide chains (forming the protein keratin)

Monomer= amino acids (one of which is cysteine . . .cysteine contains Sulfur)SilkPolymer= protein

Monomer= amino acids (but less of a variety than wool)

http://entomology.unl.edu/images/silkworm/silkworm1.jpgSlide5

Natural Fibers

Wool

Polymer= Polypeptide chains (forming the protein keratin)

Monomer= amino acids (one of which is cysteine . . .cysteine contains Sulfur)SilkPolymer= protein

Monomer= amino acids (but less of a variety than wool)CottonPolymer= cellulose (plant)Monomer= glucose

http://www.texaspolicecentral.com/Texas-Patriotism.phpSlide6

Natural Fibers

Wool

Polymer= Polypeptide chains (forming the protein keratin)

Monomer= amino acids (one of which is cysteine . . .cysteine contains Sulfur)SilkPolymer= protein

Monomer= amino acids (but less of a variety than wool)CottonPolymer= cellulose (plant)Monomer= glucose

LinenPolymer= cellulose (flax plant)Longer chains than cotton which makes it brittleMonomer= glucose

http://www.flowers-cs.com/flax.htmlSlide7

Man-made Fibers

Rayon

Cellulose fiber, then chemically altered, burns like cotton

AcetateMade from a reaction between cellulose and acetic acidSlide8

Synthetic Fibers:

Generic classification of synthetic fibers

Polyamides

—linked by amino groupExample: NylonStronger and more chemically inert than natural fibers

Image from: http://www.imageenvision.com/collection/fitness.htmlSlide9

Synthetic Fibers:

Generic classification of synthetic fibers

Polyamides—linked by amino group

Example: NylonStronger and more chemically inert than natural fibersPolyesters

—linked by ester groupStronger linkage than polyamidesLinkage can be linear (flexible) or cross-linked (rigid)

Image from: http://www.imageenvision.com/collection/fitness.htmlSlide10

Synthetic Fibers:

Generic classification of synthetic fibers

Polyamides—linked by amino group

Example: NylonStronger and more chemically inert than natural fibers

Polyesters—lined by ester groupStronger linkage than polyamidesLinkage can be linear (flexible) or cross-linked (rigid )

Spandex—structurally similar to polyamideMade of segments of polyurethane connected to long segments of polyestersResulting spandex can stretch up to 600 times and recover original strength

http://www.fingerpainrelief.com/rubber-band-therapy-for-finger-pain

/Slide11

Video clips on slide two

—click on the two pictures within the chain

Clip 1http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cmlunCbBV_o&feature=relatedIf link is broken, go to YouTube and search “Oil Absorbing Polymer”Clip 2http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=YWoQ3D6RMXs&feature=relatedIf link is broken, go to YouTube and search “Spangler's Polymer Experiment on The Ellen Show”