Jacksonian era - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Jacksonian era

1829 – 1837

How did the United State’s political system change under Andrew Jackson? Slide2

Warm Up: Jacksonian Democracy

The tendency of universal suffrage is to jeopardize the rights of property and the principles of liberty. There is a constant…tendency in the poor to covet [desire] and to share the plunder of the rich; in the debtor, to relax or avoid the obligation of contracts; in the majority, to tyrannize over the minority and trample down their rights; in the indolent [lazy] and the profligate [depraved] to cast the whole burdens of society upon the industrious and the virtuous; and there is a tendency in ambitious and wicked men to inflame these combustible materials.

James Kent, Chief Justice of New York State’s highest court, opposed the 1821 proposal to drop property

ownership requirements. Here are some of the points he made at the state convention in opposition to

Sanford’s proposal.

Why did Kent oppose empowering the poor with the right to vote?

What do you suppose Kent meant by “tyrannize over the minority”?

What do you suppose he meant by the last line of the quotation? Slide3

Elections of 1824 and 1828

Election of 1824

CandidateElectoralPopularHouseJackson99153,5447Adams

84108,74013Crawford4146,6184Clay37

47,136

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Election of 1828

Democratic Republicans –Jackson and National Republicans – Adams

Mudslinging- attempts to ruin opponent’s reputation with insultsElection slogans, rallies, buttons and events emerged to favor candidatesJackson wins with a landslide victory

“Corrupt Bargain” Clay (House) and Adams accused of stealing the election by influencing the voteSlide4

Jackson as president

Jackson’s nickname was Old Hickory

He was a patriot, a self-made man, and a war hero Horseshoe bend and New Orleans New voters – promised suffrage for more than just land owners. Suffrage – right to voteSpoils System – Jackson replaced govt jobs with his supporters; practice of handing out government jobs to supporters, replacing govt employees with the winning candidate’s supportersTariff Debate – split country over high tariff on European importsSouth protests because they feel it isn’t in the best interest, they want to nullify the tariff, some Southern states want to secede – break away from the USNullification Act – legislature would not pay illegal tariffs, Jackson compromise would greatly lower the tariffs.Slide5

Moving Native Americans

Many wanted the Native Americans to relocate from the south because the area west of the Mississippi seemed unsuitable for farming - Andrew Jackson supported the settlers’ demand

Indian Removal Act (1830) – allowed federal govt to pay Native Americans to move west Indian Territory – area in

present-day Oklahoma for the relocation of Native Americans from the SoutheastTrail of Tears – Trail where they cried – when Cherokees refused to move west, were forced out of their homes and many died along the way bc of brutal weatherSlide6

Native American Resistance

SAUK/FOX

1832, Black Hawk, Sauk chieftan, led force of people back to Illinois, their homeland.Illinois state militia and troops attacked and slaughtered most Native Americans that tried to flee westward to IowaSEMINOLESuccessfully resisted their removalOsceola – Seminole Chief, led his people to war, refusing to leave Florida (joined forces with African Americans that ran away from slavery)Guerrilla tactics – surprise attacks and retreating back to forests and swampsBy 1842, over 1,500 Americans died in Seminole wars and the govt gave up, many Seminoles stayed in FloridaSlide7

Description of what happened to native Americans when U.S. expanded

Tribe

DescriptionCherokee Legally challenged the removal and won, were forced to move anywaySauk/FoxTried to reclaim land, were driven offSeminoleWaged guerrilla war until the United States allowed the Seminole to stay in Florida