David Gertman PhD INL Principal Investigator Scott Wold Director Mission Support Services 66 th Annual Missouri Traffic and Safety Conference May 2015 Overview INL Mission Support Services ID: 657635
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Slide1
Traveling to the Future: Advanced and Connected Vehicle Research at INL
David
Gertman
PhD
INL Principal Investigator
Scott
Wold
Director, Mission Support Services
66
th
Annual Missouri Traffic and Safety Conference
May 2015Slide2
Overview
INL
Mission Support Services
Advanced transportation research at INL
National transportation test range
Connected vehicle and human factors research
Heavy vehicle simulation – video clip
CRADA and partnering
Contact informationSlide3
Idaho National LaboratorySlide4
INL Mission Support Services
Idaho National Laboratory (INL) has a strong focus on engineering and applied science. This focus has been used over the past 65 years to help reduce risks associated with research, design, development and deployment of new concepts of national importance. With this legacy in mind, INL’s Mission Support Services Division is driven to deploy more than $150 million of transportation-related federal assets in partnership with industry and academia to ensure the United States’ energy security and improve the safety and reliability of America’s transportation infrastructure.
INL transportation facilitySlide5
INL Fossil Fuel Reduction Timeline
2008 - Introduced B20 into fleet fueling in spring of 2008. Reduced to B10 during winter season due to fuel gelling.
2009 – Expanded use of biodiesel and E85. Fossil fuel reductions resulted in winning the 2010 “Lean, Clean, and Green” Presidential
GreenGov
award.
2011 - Began collaborating with additive vendors to develop solution to fuel gelling issues in sub-zero conditions and fuel tank algae growth issues during warmer weather. Implemented idle reduction campaign and began Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) on prompting driver behavior.
2012 –Solved gelling and algae issues and began operating with B20 year round. Began LDRD “Driver Behavior Simulation” testing.
2013 – Completed LDRD effort and converted three INL buses to dual-fuel (Natural Gas and Biodiesel) becoming the first fleet to:
convert a full size motor coach,
convert vehicle with an automatic transmission,
use biodiesel as base fuel (essentially a “tri-fuel” conversion)
2014 – Developed concept of “INL Transportation Test Bed” to pursue further industry collaboration in areas of fossil fuel reduction and transportation safety.Slide6
INL Dual-Fuel Conversions
In FY13, INL’s Mission Support Services initiated a project to investigate the feasibility of converting part or all of its bus fleet to dual-fuel (LNG-Biodiesel).
Installed APG LNG conversion kits on three MCI coaches owned by INL.
Additional six kits were purchased in April 2014. Installation scheduled in May.
Six months of dual-fuel operations have resulted in a consistent 50% reduction in fossil fuel use for converted buses. Currently working with transmission manufacturer to further improve fuel economy.Slide7
Potential Fossil Fuel / GHG Reduction with NGSlide8
Unique INL Transportation Test Range Assets
Fleet of over 70 motor coaches, 400 light duty vehicles, including electric vehicles, and over 600 pieces of heavy equipment
Controlled access highway
Master technicians and professional drivers
Human factors integration with ongoing efforts
DOE test range – third party Federal Agency
Capability to collect, analyze, and report on very large quantities of data (EV testing)
Large cyber security group
Industry partners – Motor Coach International, Bergstrom, Savari, Denso, Castle Rock, VaisalaSlide9
Advanced Vehicle Testing Experience
Since 1994, INL staff have benchmarked plug in electric vehicles in field operations (via data loggers), closed test tracks and dynamometers
INL has accumulated 232 million miles (373 million km) and 44,300 AC
MWh
from 27,400 electric drive vehicles and 17,000 charging units
Example: EV Project
8,228 Leafs, Volts and Smarts,
124 million test miles.
At one point, 1 million test miles every 5 days
12,363 EVSE and DCFC
4.2 million charge eventsSlide10
Electric Vehicle Infrastructure (EVI) Laboratory
Evaluate Conductive and Wireless Charging Systems
Efficiency and energy consumption
EM field emissions (wireless charging only)
Power Quality (static and dynamic)
Total Harmonic Distortion
Power Factor
Cyber Security Assessment
Wide range of powerLevel 1, 120 VACLevel 2, 208 / 240 VACDCFC, 480 VAC 3fVariable voltage sourceGrid Emulator
10Slide11
Human Factors and Connected Vehicles
Why HF research is necessary (US DOT)
Counteract
visua
l distraction,
cognitive
distraction, and
manual distraction (hands off the wheel) associated with system generated messages and changes in driving roles
Competing stimuli from wireless communication have the potential to create greater driver workloadNeed exists to:Reduce complexityMonitor driver attention
Develop metrics for distraction mitigation
Perform strategic outreach
http://www.its.dot.gov/connected_vehicle/connected_vehicle_humanfactors_plan.htmSlide12
HVS Video Driving the bus…….
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8uIO10Hk09E&feature=youtu.beSlide13
Overall INL CV PerspectiveImprove INL site safety and
efficiency
Facilitate
trusted applications and transactions between
drivers
and fixed and mobile wireless systems.
Provide a real world operational test bed including supporting vehicles and infrastructure to support CV and autonomous vehicle e
Meet requirements for safety and efficiency.Slide14
INL Human Factors in Support of Connected Vehicle Research
Design Support – Capture functional, behavioral, and information perspectives for
travelers, test scenarios, and
test different display concepts
:
Simulation for human performance data collection
Task Analysis, Functional Allocation
Field
data collectionModel building with data-driver efficiency
Debrief and SurveySlide15
Driver Efficiency Prompting ResultsSlide16
Industry, State, and Academia Outreach
Completed internal INL LDRD on Driver Efficiency
Collaboration with industry (MCI) and academia (University of Idaho Departments for Computer Science and Human Factors)
Resulting paper (“Driving Behavior Prompting Framework for Improving Fuel Efficiency) will be presented in
June 2015
at International Conference on Human Systems Interaction in
Gdansk Poland.
MCI
donated over $100k of material to INL for further driver efficiency simulator research at the Center for Advanced Energy Studies (CAES)
Collaborative ventures
Idaho Transportation Department
University of Idaho
Virginia Commonwealth University
University of Missouri,
Columbia
Prototype tes
tingSlide17
Current and Future Research Direction
Execute current INL-IT CRADA connected vehicle research.
Emphasis
is on mobile and fixed weather information integration, signal phase and timing, animal warning systems.
Continued motor coach conversion in support of fuel efficiency
Test of human factors display concepts in the heavy vehicle simulator and controlled field tests.
Additional
academic
and industry partnersContinued support of student interns and facultySlide18
FY15-16 INL-ITD CRADA endeavors
Road Grip/Thermal Mapping of Bus Routes
. Winter
travel
in
eastern Idaho can be treacherous due to slick roads and limited visibility.
Dash Camera Snapshots
. Forward looking video cameras will also be installed on selected buses and snowplows to monitor the road and weather conditions. Periodic snapshots from these cameras will be added to the road grip/thermal mapping
display.Snowplow data Upload. ITD currently collects snowplow controller data on board and uses WiFi communications at the maintenance sheds to upload the operational history performed by the driver.
Vehicle
to Vehicle Applications
. Buses, snowplows and light vehicles will be equipped with DSRC radio communications that will provide frequent exchanges of the basic safety messages (BSM) among the vehicles, which will contains vehicle position, speed, trajectory, and other data
.
Signal phase and timing
. Coordinate with City of Idaho Falls and ITD
. Traveling wave for snow plows
Team with
ITD
and others to pursue Grant opportunities
.Slide19
Scott Wold
scott.wold@inl.gov
(208) 526-3162
David
Gertman
david.gertman@inl.gov
(208) 520-3562