Cosmologie filosofic ă spații imaginare și nașterea științei moderne The Scientific Revolution The other side of the Scientific Revolution Early modern scienceEarly modern philosophy ID: 463056
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "World-makers" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
World-makers
Cosmologie
filosofic
ă, spații imaginare și nașterea științei moderneSlide2
The Scientific RevolutionSlide3
The other side of the Scientific RevolutionSlide4
Early modern science/Early modern philosophy
Prezentarea
domeniuluiSlide5
The received world-view
A universal language (Latin)
An integrated philosophical language (Aristotelianism)
A common textual corpus
A common culture (set of books, presuppositions, beliefs, representations)
Common methods for investigating nature
Rational reflection and textual interpretation (hermeneutics)
Observation?/evidence?
Specific ways of communicating results (commentaries, the
quaestiones
format)
A common world-view?Slide6
Nicole Oresme,
Le livre du
ciel
et du monde
, 1377Slide7
The material sphere = Armillary sphereSlide8
Another material sphere = the elemental sphereSlide9
Sacrobosco
,
Tractatus
de
sphaera
Sec. XIII? (the most popular handbook until late 16
th
century
Petrus Apian,
Cosmographia
(numerous editions throughout the 16
th
century)Slide10Slide11
Nicolaus
Cusanus
1401-1464
One of the most important 15
th
century philosophers
Studies in canon law (and philosophy?) Cologne – found manuscripts of Pliny, Plautus
De
concordantia
catholica
(1433)
Religious reformer (involved in the attempts to unify the Catholic and the Greek Orthodox Church) – 1437 in Constantinople, cardinal of
Brixen
De
docta
ignorantia
(1440)
De coniecturis
(1442–43),
De dato patris luminum
(1445),
Apologia doctae ignorantiae
(1449),
Idiota de sapientia, Idiota de mente, Idiota de staticis experimentis
(all 1450),
De
visione
Dei
(1453),
De
beryllo
(1458),
De
possest
(1460),
De li non
aliud
(1461),
De
ludo
globi
(1462–63),
De
venatione
sapientiae
(1462),
Compendium
(1464) and
De
apice
theoriae
(1464),
De Pace Fidei
(1453) and
Cribatio Alchorani
(1461).Slide12
Giordano Bruno (1548-1600)
The first Copernican
The persecuted scientist (burned at stake in Campo del Fiori, Feb 1, 1600)
The Renaissance Magus (Francis Yates, 1964)
A dangerous heretic,
w
illing to replace the Christian religion with the religion of the “Egyptians”
Magician and necromancer (
Culianu
, 1984)
One of the most brilliant critiques of the Aristotelian world-view (
Gatti
, 2008, 2011)
Employed by two kings, changed the religion (three times?), dwelt into astronomy, magic, metaphysics
Intelligencer and spySlide13Slide14
Bruno: “World-maker”
There are no ends, boundaries, limits or walls which can defraud or deprive us of the infinite multitude of things. Therefore the earth and the ocean thereof are fecund; therefore the sun's blaze is everlasting, so that eternally fuel is provided for the voracious fires, and moisture replenishes the attenuated seas. For from infinity is born an ever fresh abundance of matter.
Thus Democritus and Epicurus, who maintained that everything throughout infinity
suffereth
renewal and restoration, understood these matters more truly than those who at all costs maintain a belief in the immutability of the Universe, alleging a constant and unchanging number of particles of identical material that perpetually undergo transformation, one into another.Slide15
Galileo Galilei
(1564-1642)
Portret de Ottavio Leoni (1624)Slide16Slide17
Stars visible without a telescope
What is the new instrument?
- a “microscope”
- a “telescope”Slide18
Perspicillium
Spectacle-
truncke
(Mark Ridley,
A treatise on
magnetical
bodies and motions
, 1613)
Spy-glass Slide19Slide20
http://library.si.edu/digital-library/book/sidereusnunciusm00gali
Slide21Slide22Slide23Slide24Slide25
Isaac Newton
(1643-1727
)
Matematician
Filosof
experimental
Teolog
Alchimist
Master of the Mint
President of the Royal SocietySlide26
Principiile
matematice
ale
filosofiei
naturale