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Plant-based Diet for Coronary Artery Disease Reversal and Chronic Disease Prevention Plant-based Diet for Coronary Artery Disease Reversal and Chronic Disease Prevention

Plant-based Diet for Coronary Artery Disease Reversal and Chronic Disease Prevention - PowerPoint Presentation

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Plant-based Diet for Coronary Artery Disease Reversal and Chronic Disease Prevention - PPT Presentation

By Linda Arpino MARDCDN 2 Join VN DPG As the leading authority on evidencebased vegetarian nutrition VN DPGs vision is to optimize global health and wellbeing by Providing vegetarian nutrition education materials ID: 809147

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Slide1

Plant-based Diet for Coronary Artery Disease Reversal and Chronic Disease Prevention

By Linda

Arpino

, MA,RD,CDN

Slide2

2

Slide3

Join VN DPG!

As the leading authority on evidence-based vegetarian nutrition, VN DPG’s vision is to optimize global health and well-being by:

Providing vegetarian nutrition education materials

Offering cutting edge research and presentations

Advocating for influential public policy

Involved in Social Media both as members and for students!

Slide4

VN Member website: vndpg.org

Slide5

Consumer website: vegetariannutrition.net

Slide6

VN DPG Benefits

Vegetarian Nutrition Update Newsletter

Vegetarian Nutrition Update is a quarterly newsletter published by VN DPG and distributed free to all VN members

State Coordinators Program

Promote VN DPG by exhibiting at affiliate meetings and community events

Coordinate networking events for VN DPG members

Connect with Academy student members

Webinars

Continuing education on plant-based nutrition-related topics

Research Grant

VN DPG offers a $10,000 research grant for innovative vegetarian research to RDNs, NDTRs and dietetics students who are members of the Academy.

Slide7

ObjectivesParticipants will learn:

Basic nutrition principles for chronic disease prevention and how our food choices can impact our health.

Nutrients and benefits in plant-based foods verses other foods.

Ways to create lifestyle changes to improve long term health in patients, and reverse CAD!

Slide8

US’s Major Chronic DiseasesHeart disease, cancer, and diabetes—are the leading causes of death and disability in the United States.

Obesity in children

age 6-11 and 12-19

has dramatically risen

as well as in adults

Slide9

Alarmingly

Obesity and extreme obesity in toddlers(2-5) has accelerated.

Also in teen females.

CDC’s National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), looking at data on children’s height and weight collected in two-year cycles starting with 1999-2000 and continuing through 2015-2016

.

Slide10

Preventable Chronic Diseases

Obesity, heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes, and arthritis – are among the most common, costly, and preventable of all health problems in the U.S.

Source:

http://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/overview/index.htm

“Life Style is the Medicine that can fix this.” David Katz, MD

President, American college if Lifestyle Medicine and founding director Yale University’s Preventative Research Center

Slide11

Modifiable Health Behavior Risk Factors

Lack of physical activity

POOR NUTRITION

High Blood Cholesterol

High Blood Pressure

Diabetes

Excess Alcohol Consumption Smoking

Slide12

The Evidence, The Facts

Meat consumption linked to nine major diseases in largest study done so far

Cancer, type 2 diabetes, stroke, infections, Alzheimer's, and diseases of the kidneys, heart, respiratory tract, and liver all linked to red meat consumption.1

1-The National Cancer Institute in Maryland tracked the eating habits of 536,000 men and women between the ages of 50 to 71 for 16 years.

Slide13

Diets predominantly plant based diet significantly lowers rates of heart disease, cancer, and type 2 diabetes.

Vegan diets demonstrate significant reduction, even reversal Coronary Artery disease.

Source: J of Am Coll Cardiology

2017

Volume 70, Issue 4, July 2017

DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.06.006

Mounting

Slide14

Heart Disease

Slide15

Atherosclerosis

Plaques in the arteries.

Not caused by old age.

Lifestyle choices prevent and reverse damage

.

Slide16

Causes of CAD

Plaque buildup in the wall of the arteries that supply blood to the heart (coronary arteries)

 

Plaque is made up of cholesterol deposits.

 

Atherosclerosis=Narrowing occurs on arteries

Slide17

Plant Based Diet

Slide18

Vegan

:

A diet with no animal protein only plants.

Lacto Vegetarian

:

Includes Dairy (milk, yogurt, cheese) and all foods from plants.

Lacto-ovo Vegetarian

: Includes all dairy including eggs.Pescatarian: Chooses to eat a vegetarian diet, but who also eats fish and other seafood. Mostly plant-based diet of whole grains, nuts, legumes, produce and healthy fats, with seafood playing a key role as a main protein source.

Plant-Based

:

All plants including vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes and fruits, but with few or no animal products.

Definitions

Slide19

International Comparison

Framingham Study

Other populations

Americans’ cholesterol levels

Castelli

WP. Making practical sense of clinical trial data in decreasing cardiovascular risk. Am J

Cardiol

. 2001 Aug 16;88(4A):16F-20FCastelli WP. The new pathophysiology of coronary artery disease. Am J

Cardiol

. 1998 Nov 26;82(10B):60T-65T.American Heart Association. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics – 2005 Update. Dallas, Texas: American Heart Association; 2005

Asia, Africa, Latin America

United States

Typical Total Cholesterol (mg/

dL

)

Slide20

Seven Day Adventist

Fraser GE. Associations between diet and cancer, ischemic heart disease, and all-cause mortality in non-Hispanic white California Seventh-day Adventists.

Am J

Clin

Nutr

. 1999;70:532S-538S.

Slide21

EPIC Study

Bradbury KE, Crowe FL, Appleby PN, Schmidt JA, Travis RC, Key, TJ. Serum concentrations of cholesterol,

apolipoprotein

A-I and

apolipoprotein

B in a total of 1694 meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans.

Eur

J

Clin

Nutr

. 2014;68:178-183.

Slide22

The Lifestyle Heart Trial

Randomized controlled trial

A low-fat, vegetarian diet

Modest exercise

No smoking

Stress management

Dean Ornish, MD University California, San Francisco

Study of patients who had plaque clearly visible on angiograms. The half put on standard MD RX and ½ on vegetarian diet w/ 10% fat, exercise and stress management techniques

reversed disease

.

Slide23

A way to reverse CAD?

Following only 3 weeks of plant-based nutritional

intervention, normal blood flow was restored (bottom).

Investigators: Caldwell B.

Esselstyn

Jr,MD

; Gina

Gendy

,

MD;Jonathan

Doyle,

MCS;Mladen

Golubic

,

MD,PhD

; Michael F. Roizen,

Baseline Chol 248 mg

10-14 Days:

Cholesterol 137 mg

The Wellness Institute

of the Cleveland Clinic,

Lyndhurst, Ohio

Slide24

Intervention

Cadwell

Esselstyn,MD

Asks all patients to give up dairy, fish, meat, fowl and added oils and fats (including nuts and avocado).

He also advises 6 servings of leafy greens every day.

They’re asked to avoid excess salt and refined sugars.

Slide25

CAD Is Absent in

Rural China

Papua Highlanders

Central Africa

Tarahumara

Indians

Common diet traits: primarily plants. Indians: maize, beans, greens, squash, Chili, potatoes, tomatoes, and sweet potatoes

Slide26

More Recent Microbiome Research

Slide27

Lecithin and Carnitine

Eggs

Milk

Cream

Dairy

Liver

Red Meat

Poultry

Duck

Pork

Venison

Lamb

Shell Fish

All Fish

Slide28

Lecithin and Carnitine Consumption

Feeds Gut Bacteria

TMA Liver Converts to TMAO

Cardiovascular Disease

Slide29

Vegans

Produce little or no TMAO

Foods to Include:

Fruit

Vegetables

Whole Grains

Legumes, Lentils

Beans

Slide30

Good Bacteria Thrives On

Vegetables

Fermented Foods(Tempeh)

Beans

Lentils

Nuts

Slide31

Leads to stroke and blood vessel changes related to dementia.

Key Recommendations to Reduce Risk

:

Lower saturated fat and high blood pressure

Exercise

EAT HEALTHY PLANT BASED FOODS

Quit smoking Limit use of alcohol

Heart Disease and High Blood Pressure

Slide32

Intervention Starts with Cultural Changes in Our Food Service, Schools, Worksites and Homes

This Photo

by Unknown Author is licensed under

CC BY-NC-ND

Slide33

Whether you work in a hospital, school ], health clinic or doctors office it is easy to just go with what is and not push for change.

Below is an Example-NY Hospital Cafeteria

Eggs loaded with cheese- Sausage & Bacon-White Rolls, bagels, etc.

Promote Healthy Food Choices for Public Health

Slide34

Pediatric Oncology Tray

Jell-O

Frosted Flakes

Whole milk

Jelly

Maple syrup

Refine Flour Pancakes

Butter

REALLY?!

Slide35

Comparison, India: Meenakshi Mission Hospital and Research Center

You will be thrilled to know that your program of meals for the kids is one of the hallmarks of our program. I am very impressed about the kinds of meals they get; and snacks, and fruits are such a treat. “

Dr.

Jaybose

Slide36

Uncontrolled: Damages blood vessels throughout the body, including the brain= Type 3 Diabetes

May increase risk for

Memory problems and Alzheimer’s disease

Maintaining a healthy weight through physical activity and

HEALTHY EATING

can prevent or control diabetes

and foster BRAIN HEALTH

Manage Diabetes:

Uncontrolled Diabetes = Brain Harm

Slide37

These empty carbs can increases risk of diabetes, hypertension, obesity, gum disease, arterial disease, intestinal and bowel problems. Choose 100% whole grains instead: Beans, quinoa, faro, spelt, brown or wild rice, oats, barley, grits, bran, etc.

Key Message: Limit enriched, bleached,

or refined flour

Slide38

Simple sugars and syrups. This includes brown sugar, dextrose, corn sweetener, fructose (as in high-fructose corn syrup), glucose, corn syrup, honey, invert sugar, maltose, lactose, malt syrup, molasses, evaporated cane sugar, raw sugar, and sucrose.

Avoid or Limit Simple Sugar

Slide39

Saturated fat. The kind found in meat, poultry skin, full-fat dairy foods, palm oil.Associated with increased bad LDL cholesterol, small intestine and colon cancer risk, as well as your belt size, and clogs arteries fueling the brain!

Limit Saturated Fat

Slide40

Trans FatsDefinition

Artificial 

trans

 fats (or 

trans

 fatty acids) are created in an industrial process that adds hydrogen to liquid vegetable oils to make them more solid.

Found in Processed Foods such as:

Fried Foods

Doughnuts

Cookies

Crackers

Muffins

Pies and cakes

Margarine

(harder type)

On food labels, look for  “partially hydrogenated oils”

Slide41

Fried Foods, many snack foods and commercial desserts at parties and church. Children deserve better.Trans fats have no nutritional value and drastically increase LDL (lousy) cholesterol, the risk of cardiovascular disease, colon cancer, and death.

How Many Know Schools, Religious or Work Settings with these options?

Slide42

Let’s Look at Healthier Food Options

Slide43

Aids in Lipid ManagementImproved cognitive ability

Restores mechanisms that maintain brain homeostasis in traumatic brain injury.

(1)

New Research shows improvement in mood and depression.

1

)

Wu A

Ying Z

Gomez-Pinilla F.

Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation restores mechanisms that maintain brain homeostasis in traumatic brain injury.

J Neurotrauma.

 2007 Oct;24(10):1587-95.

Known Benefits of Omega 3’s

Slide44

There are different types of omega-3 fatty acids:

alpha-linolenic acid

eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)

docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

Vegetable sources of omega-3 fatty acids are alpha-linolenic acids, but the body partially converts those to EPA and DHA in the liver.

Foods with Omega Three’s

Slide45

Plant Based sources include walnuts, avocados, ground flaxseeds, soybeans, canola or olive oil, and fortified products.

Plant Sources of Omega-3’s

This Photo

by Unknown Author is licensed under

CC BY-NC-SA

Slide46

Salmon, Pollock, Pickled Herring, and Cod

Studies as mentioned earlier for coronary artery disease prevention(CAD),

removing all animal protein has been shown to reverse CAD

.

Choosing the right kind of fish can limit your intake

environmental toxins: mercury, PBC’s and digoxin,

high in certain species of fish (tuna and sword fish and King Mackerel)

Good News! Fish with high omega-3s are lowest in mercury. Many organizations recommend 4 ounces of a week of these fish but now encourage plant based foods as well.

High Omega 3

Animal Food Sources Promoted

Slide47

Diets not consuming foods rich in omega 3’s

should supplement with up to

1000-1500MG/day with EPA and DHA FROM DEEP SEA WILD FISH. Check regular reviews with Consumer Labs for brands.

OR

Vegan brands of DHA/EPA that are algae-derived (these brands typically come in vegan capsules, whereas fish-based brands usually come in

gelatin

capsules.)

Vegans can supplement with Vitamin B12 and/or consume Vitamin 12 fortified soymilk.

Supplements

Slide48

Ideas for Institutions

Human Society

Forward Food

Helps Institutional Chefs

Contact:

Karla Dumas, RDN, LDN

Senior Manager, Food & Nutrition

Forward Food

,

 

A program of The Humane Society of the United States

call 

240-620-4969

kdumas@humanesociety.org

Slide49

Tofu, Pepper and Onion Scramble

Beyond Meat

Toast with Avocado Spread

Steel cut oats or Wheat berries

Soy Milk

Fresh Berries

I have a dream!

New Breakfast Options at Schools..

Slide50

In High Schools

Education on Factory Farming is moving interest to go vegan.

Slide51

Protein ComparisonAnimal Protein

Avoid growth hormone & antibiotic injected animals from Factory Farms with overcrowded cages mainly for quick $$

Plant Based Protein

Benefits

Rich in B complex vitamins, calcium, fiber, iron, and does not have cholesterol or saturated fat

Slide52

Trending Restaurants

Popeyes Living well menu: Green beans, Corn on cob, Rice and Beans

Bare Burger: Impossible burger made from peas

Examples in Little Rock:

Izzy’s Has an entire Vegan Menu

The Root Cafe

Slide53

Menu Planning Be Creative Entice Nutrient Density Nutrient Dense Calories

Breakfast

Rolled or Steel cut Oats

Berries with Soy Milk

Walnuts or Almonds

Or Tofu Scramble

Lunch

Lentil or Bean Soup

Roasted Veggie Wrap or in

Whole Grain Pita

Banana or apple

Water

Non Nutrient Dense Calories

Breakfast

Bagel

Cream Cheese

Fried Egg & Bacon

Coffee, Sugar, cream

Lunch

Ham and Cheese On Roll with mayonnaise

French Fries or Chips

Granola Bar

Soda

Slide54

Teach Balance Using Plant-based Foods More Often

Low Glycemic Load Meals

include:

Grains high in fiber(at least 5 grams per serving) Use Bean pasta, spelt, quinoa, faro, oats, barley

Add more Plant protein(No saturated fat and cholesterol)

Beans,lentils

, etc.

Colorful vegetables and Fruit

Slide55

Focus on Consuming Whole Complex Carbs & Fiber

Get 25-35 grams Dietary Fiber Daily

Both Soluble and Insoluble fiber have benefits

Examples: Edamame Pasta 2oz.=

24 grams protein and 13 grams fiber

1 cup Black Eyed Peas=5 grams fiber, just over 5 grams of protein and less than 1 gram of fat.

Slide56

Add Thousands of Phytonutrientsto help our immune system thrive

Phyto

=plant

Slide57

KNOW BENEFITS OF PHYTONUTRIENTS

Vision:

Carotenes in mango, carrots, spinach, ore etc.,

Cancer:

Lycopene in tomatoes, grapefruit, watermelons,

etc

,

Heart & Brain Health

: Resveratrol in grapes, berries, peanuts,

etc

,

Immune System & Heart Health

: Anthocyanins in chokeberry, blueberries, broccoli, kale; Antioxidant vitamins like vitamin-A, E, C

Slide58

2020 Dietary Guidelines

Physicians for Responsible Medicine and the American College of Lifestyle Medicine Recommendations:

Remove Animal Protein and Dairy

Food Navigator Headlines:

Stakeholders square up for battle over scope of 2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans”

Slide59

So How Do You Eat Fit & Be Fit?

Slide60

Drink WaterUse Filtered or Tap

water instead of in plastic.

Bottle water may have contaminates from plastics that may not be screened

Use BPA free stainless steel cup instead of plastic water bottle- research on plastic contaminating foods and acting as endocrine disruptors-

Recent

DOCUMENTARY: “BAG IT”

Slide61

Choose GrainsOver 3 grams Fiber

Whole grain Pasta

Brown, Red or Wild Rice

Quinoa

Oats, Barley

Wheat Berries

Bugler

Beans and lentilsHigher Fiber Cereals: Shredded Wheat, Bran, Joes O’s

Limit refined grains

White Pasta

White Rice

White Noodles

Crackers

Instant Oatmeal

Granola

Cookies

Cake

White bread

Sweetened Cereals

Slide62

Consume Adequate Calcium 1000mgages 19-70 ( UK 700mg)

Limit Dairy

Fat free milk or yogurt, 350mg

Non Dairy

Organic Soy or Rice milk fortified with calcium,1 cup 368m

Tofu, firm, prepared with

nigarib

, ½ cup 253mg

Fortified ready-to-eat cereals (various), 1

oz

236-1043 mg

Collard Greens, ½ cup

178 mg

Slide63

2017 Headlines: Veganism has grown 500% since 2014 in the US

The report, titled 

Top Trends in Prepared Foods in 2017

 was prepared by research company Global Data and shows the explosion in veganism over the last 3 years.

1924-ADA Founder Lena Cooper was a vegetarian and offered a vegetarian menu in the Sanitarium she worked at!

Slide64

Joining the movement

The American College of Cardiology are taking notice and are now recommending a plant-based diet citing up-to-date research showing plant-protein is significantly more heart-healthy than animal protein.

Slide65

Other benefits of Plant based Eating—Helps:

THE ENVIRONMENT

STOPS FACTORY FARMING

ACHEIVES SUSTAINABILITY

REDUCES HEALTH RISK

Food Ethics is Complex, a simple solution

EAT

PLANT-BASED.

Not so simple in our society!

Harness Health with a Plant Based Diet

Slide66

Stay Healthy, Eat Fit, Be Fit

Slide67

Thank You!

London Farmers Market

Linda Arpino, MA,RDN,CDN,FAND

Life Focus Nutrition, LLC

Rye Brook, NY and

Stamford, CT

www.lifefocusnutrition.com

Click Resources for recipes

la@lifefocusnutrition.com