20October to 23October 2016 Tehran Clinical approach to the Pediatric Thyroid Nodules RohaniF ¹ AsadiR² 1Associate ID: 784830
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Twenty-Eighth International Congress of Pediatrics
20October
to 23October 2016 Tehran
Clinical approach to the Pediatric Thyroid NodulesRohani.F¹, Asadi.R²1.Associate Professor of Pediatric Endocrinology, Vice Chancellor of Research Center for Growth & development in Childhood and adolescence , Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2. Fellowship of Pediatric Endocrinology. Department of Pediatrics endocrinology and Metabolism, Aliasghar Children’s Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranCorresponding authore: farzaneh rohani
In this article we review recommendations for the evaluation of thyroid nodules in children and adolescents, including role of thyroid function test , ultrasound ,fine-needle aspiration cytology, and the management of benign nodules.
References :1.Franchi S.L, Ross D.S,Geffner M, Hoppin A.G.Thyroid nodules and cancer in children.Up To Date Nov 04, 2015.2.Horvath E, Majlis S, Rossi R, et al. An ultrasonogram reporting system for thyroid nodules stratifying cancer risk for clinical management. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94:1748.3.Mussa A, De Andrea M, Motta M, et al. Predictors of Malignancy in Children with Thyroid Nodules. J Pediatr 2015; 167:886. 4.Izquierdo R, Shankar R, Kort K, Khurana K. Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration in the management of thyroid nodules in children and adolescents. Thyroid 2009; 19:703.5.Arda IS, Yildirim S, Demirhan B, Firat S. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules. Arch Dis Child 2001; 85:313.
Thyroid
nodules are quite rare in the children , although the risk for thyroid cancer is much higher in the pediatric population compared with adults. In fact, thyroid cancer is the most common pediatric endocrine cancer ,constituting 0.5%–3% of all childhood malignancies. Risk factors for developing thyroid nodules in children include head and neck irradiation, female gender, iodine deficiency, age of puberty, and family or personal history of thyroid disease.
A careful work-up includes a detailed history of thyroid disease in the patient or in their family, careful palpation of the thyroid and lymph nodes and
paraclinical
assessment are mandatory to early diagnosis and optimal care for children with these conditions.