Andrew Clegg NSMA Spectrum Management 2015 May 19th 2015 Background US Authorizes ThreeTier Access in 35503700 MHz Band Citizens Broadband Radio Service CBRS rules adopted April 17 th 2015 ID: 570161
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Slide1
3.6 GHz Overview
Andrew Clegg
NSMA Spectrum Management 2015
May 19th, 2015Slide2
BackgroundSlide3
U.S. Authorizes Three-Tier Access in 3550-3700 MHz Band
Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) rules adopted
April 17
th
, 2015
Innovative access methodology allows shared small-cell commercial access to spectrum with ongoing encumbrances by government and non-government incumbents
Enacts three-tier spectrum sharing architecture under Spectrum Access System (SAS) control, as recommended by President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST Report)
Technology agnostic (LTE, Wi-Fi, other…)Slide4
Three-Tier Access in U.S. 3550-3700 MHz Band
Primary
Federal Incumbents
Grandfathered
FSS Rx-Only Earth Stations
Wireless Broadband Service (3650-3700 MHz)
Priority Access License
General Authorized Access
Incumbents (Tier 1) (protected
from Tiers 2 & 3)
Tier 2 (protected from
Tier 3)
Tier 3 (no
protections)
Tier 2 & 3 initial and ongoing authorization to transmit must be granted by a Spectrum Access System (SAS)Slide5
The 3.6 GHz EcosystemSlide6
Allocations, Allotments, & Assignments
Band is governed by new Part 96,
Citizens Broadband Radio Service
(CBRS)
Adds primary Fixed/Mobile (except aeronautical mobile) allocations in 3550-3700 MHz
Up to 70 MHz in 3550-3650 MHz is allotted to Priority Access Licenses (Tier 2)
General Authorized Access (GAA, Tier 3) will have access to 80 MHz or more in 3550-3700 MHz, including unused PAL spectrum (definition of “unused” is left to 2nd FNPRM)
Licenses/assignments are by census tract
PAL licensee may aggregate up to four PALs per census tract
No explicit limit on GAA spectrum aggregation
All Tier 2 & Tier 3 activity is
licensedSlide7
Allocation Table Changes
Adds primary FIXED and MOBILE (except aeronautical mobile) allocations to 3550-3650
Removes non-Fed secondary Radiolocation allocation in 3550-3650
Adds Part 96 service rules to 3550-3700
Removes Part 90 service rules from 3550-3700
New
Old
Adds new US105 to 3550-3650 (grandfathered non-Fed radiolocation)
Adds new US107 to 3600-3650 (new FSS earth stations are secondary)
Mods US109 (CBRS must protect Fed radar sites at Pax River, Pensacola, and Pascagoula)
Adds new US433 to 3550-3650 (protects Fed ground radars; no protection between fixed/mobile and Fed aeronautical radar)
Footnote Changes
Allocation ChangesSlide8
Priority Access License (PAL)
Protected from GAA interference; must protect incumbents
Auctioned when mutually-exclusive applications are filed
License area = census tract
~74,000 census tracts in U.S., each with ~4,000 pops
Three-year license term, no automatic renewal
Example use cases
Capacity/offload networks for established wireless service providers
QoS-managed enterprise networks
Utility networks
Backhaul
Wireless Internet Service Providers (after 5-year sunset on Part 90 3650-3700 MHz operations)Slide9
General Authorized Access (GAA)
No interference protections; must protect incumbents and PALs
No
a priori
bandwidth limit
May utilize unused PAL spectrum (“unused” to be defined
)
Licensed by rule
Example use cases
Personal hot spots
Small business hot spots
Campus hot spots
PAL offload during periods of incumbent activity interrupting PAL spectrumUnprotected capacity/offload for established wireless providers
Wireless Internet Service ProvidersBackhaulSlide10
Category A CBSD (96.41 & 96.43)
Category A corresponds to access points/femtocells/etc.
10 dB lower maximum EIRP than category B
Same conducted power for Cat A and Cat B in non-rural areas, so Cat A is limited to 10 dB lower antenna gain
Not allowed to utilize antennas higher than 6 m HAAT outdoors
Otherwise considered Category B
In 3550-3650 MHz, may respect exclusion zones or operate pursuant to an approved ESC, but once any Category A device operates via ESC, all must (if the rule is being interpreted correctly) [96.15(a)(3)(i)]Slide11
Category B CBSD (96.41 & 96.45)
Corresponds to
point-to-point
/point-to-multipoint
type architecture
Outdoor only
Must be professionally installed
Allowed higher EIRP in non-rural
areas
Non-rural conducted limits are the same, so Category B is allowed 10 dB higher antenna gain in non-rural areas compared to Category
AAllowed 6 dB more conducted emission and 17 dB more EIRP than Category A in rural areas
May only be authorized in 3550-3650 MHz after an ESC is approved and commercially deployedMust provide additional information to SAS: antenna gain, beamwidth, azimuth, downtilt, and height above ground to SASSlide12
End User Devices
End User Device. A device authorized and controlled by an authorized
CBSD.
These devices may not be used as intermediate service links or to provide service over the frequencies listed in
section 96.11
to other End User Devices or CBSDs.Slide13
Environmental Sensing Capability (ESC)
Dedicated listening devices whose principal purpose is to detect incumbent radar activity
Previously called “Dedicated Listening Devices” (DLDs)Slide14
Incumbent Users (96.3)
The following are considered incumbent users:
A primary federal user
FSS operator
Grandfathered Wireless Broadband Licensee authorized to operate on a primary basisSlide15
Spectrum Access System (SAS)
One (or more) nationwide systems that asserts positive control over CBSDs in order to enforce interference management between CBSDs and incumbents, and between Tier 3 (GAA) and Tier 2 (PAL)
SAS is the key enabler of the 3.6 GHz spectrum sharing ecosystem
Accepts assignment requests from Tier 2 and Tier 3 devices
Fulfills assignment requests based upon interference management calculations from Tiers 2 & 3 to incumbents, and between Tier 3 and Tier 2
Monitors incumbent activity and reconfigures Tiers 2 & 3 accordinglySlide16
SAS functionality
Details of SAS functional requirements are TBD
FCC will hold series of workshops, similar to TVWS
Different from TVWS, SAS will be more dynamic, and different SASs may give different answers, depending on capabilities
Multistakeholder
group established within the Wireless Innovation Forum, involving 30-some different entities,
DoD
, NTIA, and others, to help work out the detailsSlide17Slide18
CBSD Registration Data that must be Supplied to the SAS
Geographic location
Antenna height above ground (in meters)
CBSD class
Requested status (PAL/GAA)
FCC ID
Call sign
User contact information
Air interface technology
Unique manufacturer’s serial number
Sensing capabilities (if supported)
Indoor or outdoor (for Cat A)
Additional information required for Category B registration
Antenna gain
Antenna beamwidth
Antenna pointing azimuthAntenna downtiltSlide19
Technical RulesSlide20
Power Limits
Device
Geographic Area
Max Conducted Power
(dBm/10 MHz)
Max EIRP (dBm/10 MHz)
Max Conducted PSD
(dBm/MHz)
End User Device
All
n/a
23
n/aCategory A CBSDAll
2430
14Category B CBSDNon-Rural
2440
14Category B CBSDRural
3047
20Slide21
Out-of-Band Emission Limits
Hard limit above 3720
Hard limit below 3530
Limits between 3530-3720 MHz are relative to channel edgeSlide22
Geolocation & Reporting
All CBSDs must be able to determine their position to ±50 m horizontal and ±3 m vertical accuracy
Location of professionally-installed CBSDs may be determined to the quoted accuracy and reported to the SAS
When moved, coordinates must be updated
Non-professionally installed CBSDs must report its new position within 60 s when moved more than 50/3 m.Slide23
Operability
All CBSDs must be capable of two-way operation on any authorized frequency assigned by a SAS
Wireless Broadband Licensees, during their grandfathered period, are exempt from the requirementSlide24
General Technical Requirements
Digital modulation
CBSDs and End User Devices must support and utilize transmit power control
If requested, a CBSD must report to a SAS regarding received signal strength measurements on its occupied frequency and on adjacent frequencies, received packet error rates or other common metrics for itself and its End User Devices
A CBSD must report which of the SAS-provided available channels or frequencies it will utilize [963.9(e)]Slide25
Receiver Performance Requirement (?)
PAL radios must accept adjacent and in-band blocking interference as high as -40 dBm in 10 MHz from other PALS and GAA [96.41(f)]Slide26
PAL/PAL and GAA/PAL Protection Limits
Signal strength at any PAL boundary from adjacent PAL or GAA may not exceed -80 dBm in 10 MHz
0 dBi gain antenna
Antenna height 1.5 m AGL
Affected PAL may agree to higher signal strength level at boundarySlide27
Incumbents & Band ConfigurationSlide28
Band Overview
Incumbent Federal Radiolocation
(Occasional activity, primarily in coastal areas)
Incumbent FSS Rx-Only Earth Stations
Priority Access License
(Up to 7 10-MHz channels)
General Authorized Access
(At least 8 10-MHz channels)
Incumbent Wireless Broadband Service
3550
3600
3650
3700
← 3GPP LTE Band 42
3GPP LTE Band 43 →Slide29
Military RadarSlide30
Original
Military
Radar/Wireless
Protection ZonesSlide31
Federal Incumbent Exclusion Zones, 3550-3650 MHzSlide32
Federal Incumbent Exclusion Zones, 3650-3700 MHzSlide33
Exclusion Zones vs ESC
Segment
CBSD
Category
One or more
ESC Approved?
Restriction
3550-3650
A
No
May be authorized by an approved SAS in geographic areas outside of exclusion zones
A
Yes
Once an ESC is approved and used by at least one SAS, Category A CBSDs may only be authorized consistent with information on federal frequency use provided to the SAS by an approved ESC
B
NoNo operation allowed
BYes
May only be authorized consistent with information on the presence of a signal from a federal system provided to the SAS by an approved ESC
3650-3700A or B
NoMay be authorized outside of 80 km exclusion zones around Pax River, Pensacola, and Pascagoula sites
Yes
CBSDs may only be authorized consistent with information on the presence of a signal from a federal system provided to the SAS by an approved ESCSlide34
Fixed-satellite service earth stationsSlide35
In-Band Incumbent FSS Rx-Only Earth Stations 3600-3700 MHz
150 km zones shown for illustration (presently used for coordination with Wireless Broadband Service in 3650-3700 MHz)
Coordination zones for Part 96 CBSDs to-be-determinedSlide36
In-Band FSS Protection Summary
Segment
FSS License Date
Construction
Date
Protection Status
Reference
3600-3650 MHz
Authorized prior to, or as the result of an application filed prior to, the effective date of the Order
Within 12 months of initial authorization
Primary (CBRS must protect)
US107
Licensed after the effective date of the Order
Any
Secondary (CBRS need not protect)
US107
3650-3700 MHz
Authorized prior to, or as the result of an application filed prior to, December 1, 2000
Any
Primary (CBRS must protect)
NG169
Authorized after December 1, 2000
Any
Secondary (CBRS need not protect)
NG169Slide37
Adjacent Band FSS Rx-Only Earth Stations 3700-4200 MHz
25 km zones shown for illustration
Coordination zones for Part 96 CBSDs to-be-determinedSlide38
Wireless Broadband Service (Part 90) – WISPs, UTEs, etc.Slide39
Part 90 Wireless Broadband
Services
Various licensees currently operate in 3650-3700 MHz under
Part 90 Wireless Broadband Services
Wireless Internet Service Providers (WISPs)
Utilities
Approximately 45,800 registered sites
Non-exclusive
nationwide licenses
License term 10 years
Operation/protection requires registration of individual base/fixed stations
ULS shows 2047 active licenses as of release date of R&O, each with multiple registered sites
Current rules are under Part 90 subpart Z (90.1301 - 90.1337)Slide40
Wireless Broadband Service incumbents in 3650-3700 MHz
5 km zones shown for illustration
Coordination zones for Part 96 CBSDs to-be-determinedSlide41
Part 90 Wireless Broadband Services Status
Part 90 operations in 3650 - 3700 MHz will be migrated to Part 96
No new Part 90 licenses issued after April 17, 2015, except:
Licenses that expire between April 17, 2015, and April 17,2020, can be renewed for a term ending not later than April 17, 2020
Licenses that were issued after January 8, 2013, will be afforded protection from CBRS until April 17, 2020, regardless of expiration date
Licenses that were issued on or before January 8, 2013, will be protected from CBRS until the expiration of their license term
Latest date should be January 8, 2023
Number of active licenses originally granted on or before January 8, 2013 that will expire after April 17, 2020 = 804 (~39% of total)
Grandfathered stations have to protect Fed and Radar consistent with the same rules as CBRS [96.21(a)]Slide42
Wireless Broadband Services Base/Fixed Grandfathered Protections
License Date
Base/Fixed Registration Date
Constructed, In-Service, and
Fully Compliant
Protections Granted from CBRS
On or before
January 8, 2013
On or before
April 17, 2015
As of April 17, 2016
Protected as described in 96.21 until end of license term (could be as late as January 8, 2023)
After January 8, 2013
On or beforeApril 17, 2015As of April 17, 2016
Protected as described in 96.21 until April 17, 2020Any
AfterApril 17, 2015
AnyProtected within licensee’s Grandfathered Wireless Protection Zone as defined in 96.3 & 96.21Slide43
Wireless Broadband Services Mobile/Portable/Subscriber Unit Grandfathered Protections
Associated License Date
Protections Granted from CBRS within Licensee’s Grandfathered Wireless Protection Zone*
Licensed as of April 17, 2015, originally licensed on or before January 8, 2013
Until expiration of license (could be as late as January 8, 2023)
Licensed as of April 17, 2015, originally licensed after January 8, 2013
Until April 17, 2020Slide44
Part 90 Radiolocation Licenses Grandfathered Status
License Grant Date
Operating Status
Licensed or applied for prior to effective date of Report & Order
May continue to operate in 3550-3650 MHz band on secondary basis for life of equipment
Applied for on or after the effective date of the Report & Order
Not allowed in 3550-3650 MHz
Note:
Radiolocation was already secondary in 3500-3650 MHz. They may continue to operate, and new ones licensed, in the 3500-3550 MHz segment on a secondary basis. There are only three non-fed radiolocation licenses in the U.S. in the 3550-3650 MHz band as of the release date of the Order.Slide45
Part 25
3500-3700 MHz Band Evolution
3500
3550
3600
3650
3700
FEDERAL RADIOLOCATION
Offshore & 3 LAND SITES
Radiolocation
BROADBAND
FSS RX-ONLY (GRANDFATHERED)
Previous
FEDERAL RADIOLOCATION
Offshore & 3 LAND SITES
Radiolocation
FSS RX-ONLY (GRANDFATHERED)
fss rx-only (new)
CBRS
After 2023 (and after life of radiolocation equipment)
FEDERAL RADIOLOCATION
Offshore & 3 LAND SITES
Radiolocation
GRANDF. BROADBAND
FSS RX-ONLY (GRANDFATHERED)
Grandf. Radiolocation, life of equipment
fss rx-only (new)
CBRS
New
CAPS
denotes primary or protected;
Non-caps
is secondary or not protected
Federal
Part 90
Part 96
Color Key: Slide46
2
nd
Further Notice of Proposed RulemakingSlide47
General
Report and Order &
Second Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
FCC 15-47
GN Docket 12-354
Affects 3550-3700 MHz
Adopted April 17, 2015, released April 21, 2015
Published in Federal Register on
<TBD>, 2015 (“Effective Date”) (~mid-to-late May)
Comment deadline 30 days after effective date
(probably around mid-to-late June)
Reply comment deadline 60 days after effective
date (probably around mid-to-late July)Slide48
2nd Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
Secondary markets for PAL licenses
Definition of “use” of PAL spectrum
FSS protection criteriaSlide49
Thanks & Questions?Slide50
Spectrum Access System Purposes and Functionality
(a) To enact and enforce all policies and procedures developed by the SAS Administrator pursuant to section 96.63.
(b) To determine and provide to CBSDs the permissible channels or frequencies at their location.
(c) To determine and provide to CBSDs the maximum permissible transmission power level at their location.
(d) To register and authenticate the identification information and location of CBSDs.
(e) To retain information on, and enforce, Exclusion Zones and Protection Zones in accordance with sections 96.15 and 96.17. Slide51
Spectrum Access System Purposes and Functionality (cont’d)
(g) To ensure that CBSDs operate in geographic areas and within the maximum power levels required to protect federal Incumbent Users from harmful interference, consistent with the requirements of sections 96.15 and 96.21.
(h) To ensure that CBSDs protect non-federal Incumbent Users from harmful interference, consistent with the requirements of section 96.17 and 96.21.
(i) To protect Priority Access Licensees from interference caused by other PALs and from General Authorized Access Users consistent with section 96.25.
(j) To facilitate coordination between GAA users operating Category B CBSDs, consistent with section 96.35.Slide52
Spectrum Access System Purposes and Functionality (cont’d)
(k) To resolve conflicting uses of the band while maintaining, as much as possible, a stable radio frequency environment.
(l) To ensure secure and reliable transmission of information between the SAS and CBSDs.
(m) To protect Grandfathered Wireless Broadband Licensees consistent with section 90.1307,90.1338, and 96.21.
(n) To implement the terms of current and future international agreements as they relate to the Citizens Broadband Radio Service.Slide53
Designated SAS Administrators must:
(a) Maintain a regularly updated database that contains the information described in section 96.55.
(b) Establish a process for acquiring and storing in the database necessary and appropriate information from the Commission's databases, including PAL assignments, and synchronizing the database with the current Commission databases at least once a day to include newly licensed facilities or any changes to licensed facilities.
(c) Establish and follow protocols and procedures to ensure compliance with the rules set forth in this part, including the SAS functions set forth in section 96.53, et seq.
(d) Establish and follow protocols and procedures sufficient to ensure that all communications and interactions between the SAS, ESC, and CBSDs are accurate and secure and that unauthorized parties cannot access or alter the SAS or the information transmitted from the SAS to CBSDs. Slide54
Designated SAS Administrators must: (cont’d)
(e) Provide service for a five-year term. This term may be renewed at the Commission's discretion.
(f) Respond in a timely manner to verify, correct or remove, as appropriate, data in the event that the Commission or a party brings a claim of inaccuracies in the SAS to its attention. This requirement applies only to information that the Commission requires to be stored in the SAS.
(g) Securely transfer the information in the SAS, along with the IP addresses and URLs used to access the system, and a list of registered CBSDs, to another approved entity in the event it does not continue as the SAS Administrator at the end of its term. It may charge a reasonable price for such conveyance.Slide55
Designated SAS Administrators must: (cont’d)
(h) Cooperate to develop a standardized process for coordinating operations with other SASs, avoiding any conflicting assignments, maximizing shared use of available frequencies, ensuring continuity of service to all registered CBSDs, and providing the data collected pursuant to section 96.55.
(i) Coordinate with other SAS Administrators including, to the extent possible, sharing information, facilitating non-interfering use by CBSDs connected to other SASs, maximizing available General Authorized Access frequencies by assigning PALs to similar channels in the same geographic regions, and other functions necessary to ensure that available spectrum is used efficiently consistent with this part.
(j) Provide a means to make non-federal non-proprietary information available to the public in a reasonably accessible fashion in conformity with these rules. Slide56
Designated SAS Administrators must: (cont’d)
(k) Ensure that the SAS shall be available at all times to immediately respond to requests from authorized Commission personnel for any and all information stored or retained by the SAS.
(l) Establish and follow protocols to respond to instructions from the President of the United States, or another designated Federal government entity, issued pursuant to 47 U.S.C. 606.
(m) Establish and follow protocols to comply with enforcement instructions from the Commission. Slide57
Designated SAS Administrators must: (cont’d)
(n) Ensure that the SAS:
(1) operates without any connectivity to any military or other sensitive federal database or system, except as otherwise required by this part; and
(2) does not store, retain, transmit, or disclose operational information on the movement or position of any federal system or any information that reveals other operational information of any federal system that is not required by this part to effectively operate the SAS.Slide58
Incumbent Users that Receive Protection (Tier 1)
Federal primary
Current and future radar
FSS rx-only earth stations
FSS earth stations in 3600-3650 MHZ licensed/applied for prior to effective date of order
FSS earth stations in 3650-3700 MHz licensed/applied for prior to Dec 1, 2000
No new primary FSS will be authorized
FSS must register yearly with details of configuration (pointing, gain, beam pattern, etc.)
Part 90 Wireless Broadband Service stations in 3650-3700 MHz
Stations (WISPs, UTEs, etc.) will migrate to CBRS under Part 96
Protected until April 17, 2020 (generally) or as late as January 8, 2023
No new licenses after April 17, 2015 except renewals good until April 17, 2020Slide59
Incumbent Protection
DLD is now Environmental Sensing Capability (ESC)
In 3550-3650 MHz:
SAS can authorize Cat A when using ESC, or, alternatively, in the absence of an ESC, can authorize Cat A outside of new NTIA exclusion zones
Once one ESC has been approved, all Cat A devices can only be authorized by virtue of an ESC (still parsing the language on this…)
Cat B can
only
be authorized using ESC
In 3650-3700 MHz:
Can authorize Cat A or Cat B outside of 80 km exclusion zones surrounding three land sites until one or more ESCs are operational
SAS must reconfigure CBSDs within 60 s of alert from ESCSlide60
Certifications and Approvals
Commission will designate one or more SAS Administrators to provide a nationwide service
ESCs may operate only after receiving approval from FCC
All equipment in band must be certifiedSlide61
Power Limits
Device
Geographic Area
Max Conducted Power
(dBm/10 MHz)
Max EIRP (dBm/10 MHz)
Max Conducted PSD
(dBm/MHz)
End User Device
All
n/a
23
n/aCategory A CBSD
All24
3014Category B CBSD
Non-Rural24
4014
Category B CBSDRural30
4720Slide62
CBRS Power LimitsSlide63
Notable Impacts to SAS & ESC Design
Clearance timescale from ESC alert to CBSD reconfig is 60 s
SAS must protect tens of thousands of WISPs in the 3650-3700 MHz band
SAS Administrator must facilitate coordination among Category B GAA licensees
FSS sites will inform SAS (via FCC) of technical information relevant to improved interference analysis into FSS (antenna gain, pattern, az/el, etc.)
Unclarity surrounding impact on Category A authorizations once any ESC is approved
SAS registration data must be publicly accessible (but obfuscated)
SAS must validate user information and location
SAS will have to monitor Cat A registration parameters (particularly height above average terrain) and determine whether device must be reclassified at Cat BSlide64
General Allocation Changes &
Grandfathered ProtectionsSlide65
Effects of Allocation Changes
New FSS earth stations will be secondary
FSS earth stations authorized prior to effective data and constructed within 12 months of authorization are protected from CBRS
Transitions 3650-3700 MHz Part 90 operations under Part 96
Covers WISPs, UTEs, etc., in 3650-3700 MHz (90.1307)
Transition completed by January 8th, 2023
CBRS does not need to protect federal airborne radars in 3550-3650 (no fed airborne radar in 3650-3700), but receives no protection from fed airborne radar
Non-fed radiolocation in 3550-3650 licensed or applied for prior to effective data may continue to operate for life of equipment; no new authorizations will be madeSlide66
ESC & CBSD Authorizations (3550-3650 MHz)
96.15(a)(3) For Category A CBSDs, Exclusion Zones shall be maintained along the Coastline, as shown at [NTIA Web page]. Exclusion Zones shall also be maintained around federal radiolocation sites as set forth at [same Web page].... Exclusion Zones shall be maintained and enforced until one or more ESCs are approved and used by at least one SAS… Thereafter, Exclusion Zones shall be converted to Protection Zones.
(i) Category A CBSDs may be authorized by an approved SAS in geographic areas outside of Exclusion Zones before an ESC is approved
(ii) Once an ESC is approved and used by at least one SAS, Category A CBSDs may only be authorized consistent with information on federal frequency use provided to the SAS by an approved ESC.
(iii) Category B CBSDs may only be authorized consistent with information on the presence of a signal from a federal system provided to the SAS by an approved ESC.Slide67
ESC Deployment and Category A & B Authorizations (3650-3700 MHz)
96.15(b)
(2) Exclusion Zones shall be maintained for an 80 km radius around the federal radiolocation sites listed in 47 CFR 90.1331 and 47 CFR 2.106, US 109. These Exclusion Zones shall be maintained and enforced until one or more ESCs are approved and used by at least one SAS, in accordance with section 96.67. Thereafter, Exclusion Zones shall be converted to Protection Zones.
(3) CBSDs may only be authorized within these Protection Zones consistent with information on the presence of a signal from a federal system provided to the SAS by an approved ESC, in accordance with section 96.67.
Slide68
Grandfathered Wireless Protection Zones
Incumbent protection zones surrounding base stations in the Wireless Broadband Service (WISPs, UTEs, etc.) in 3650-3700
ULS shows 2047 active licenses as of release date of R&O, with a total of ~25,000 registered sites
96.21(a)(1) Incumbent User protections for a Grandfathered Wireless Broadband Licensee shall only apply with its Grandfathered Wireless Protection Zone.
96.3
Grandfathered Wireless Protection Zone
. A geographic area and frequency range in which Grandfathered Wireless Broadband Licensees will receive protection from Citizens Broadband Radio Service transmissions and defined using methodology determined by the Wireless Telecommunications Bureau and Office of Engineering and Technology.Slide69
Auction Rules
96.29 Competitive Bidding Procedures
(c) When there are two or more accepted applications for PALs in a given License Area for a specific auction, the Commission will make available for assignment one less PAL than the total number of PALs in the License Area for which all applicants have applied, up to a maximum of seven.Slide70
60 s CBSD Reconfiguration upon ESC Alert
In 3550-3650 MHz [96.15(a)(4)]:
Within 60 seconds after the ESC communicates that it has detected a signal from a federal system in a given area, the SAS must either confirm suspension of the CBSD’s operation or its relocation to another frequency, if available.
In 3650-3700 MHz [96.15(a)(6)(b)(4)]:
Within 60 seconds after the ESC communicates that it has detected a signal from a federal system in a given area, the SAS must either confirm suspension of the CBSD’s operation or its relocation to another unoccupied frequency.Slide71
OOBE Limits
96.41(e) 3.5 GHz Emissions and Interference Limits:
(1) General protection levels. -13 dBm/MHz within 0-10 MHz outside channel edge; -25 dBm/MHz beyond 10 MHz
(2) -40 dBm/MHz below 3530 and above 3720 MHz
(3) Measurement procedure
1 MHz RBW, except in 1 MHz immediately outside of channel, can use RBW no less than 1% of emission bandwidthSlide72
Priority Access License (PAL)
Protected from GAA interference; must protect incumbents
Auctioned when mutually-exclusive applications are filed
License area = census tract
~74,000 census tracts in U.S., each with ~4,000 pops
Three-year license term, no automatic renewal
Example use cases
Capacity/offload networks for established wireless service providers
QoS-managed enterprise networks
Utility networks
Backhaul
Wireless Internet Service Providers (after 5-year sunset on Part 90 3650-3700 MHz operations)Slide73
General Authorized Access (GAA)
No interference protections; must protect incumbents and PALs
No
a priori
bandwidth limit
May utilize unused PAL spectrum (“unused” to be defined)
Example use cases
Personal hot spots
Small business hot spots
Campus hot spots
PAL offload during periods of incumbent activity interrupting PAL spectrum
Unprotected capacity/offload for established wireless providers
Wireless Internet Service ProvidersBackhaulSlide74
Issues for Multistakeholder Group
Raised in R&OSlide75
License Area Edge Power Limit
Aggregate received signal level at a PAL license boundary at or below an rms level of -80 dBm integrated over 10 MHz
“We recognize that ensuring compliance with this limit at the boundary is likely challenging on a real-time basis and there are legitimate questions relative to how to develop appropriate predictive models. We also recognize that the use of an aggregate metric could be challenging in a multi-user environment.
We encourage any multi-stakeholder group formed to address technical issues raised by this proceeding to consider how this limit should be applied.
As an initial matter, we will apply the limit through measurements at the license area boundary at times of peak activity.” (¶195)Slide76
License Area Edge Power Limit
Deliverable:
Methodology for predicting aggregate signal strength from CBSDs and End User Devices (EUDs) at the boundary of a PAL license area.
Relevant Information (¶195)
Assumes a measurement antenna at 1.5 m AGL, assumed to be 0 dBi gain
Aggregate signal level must be at or below an average (rms) of
-80 dBm per 10 MHz
Does not apply to adjacent license areas held by the same licensee
Initially, the limit applies to measurements at times of peak activity
This limit apparently applies to outbound PAL signals, and inbound PAL and GAA signals (GAA has no associated “license area”)Slide77
License Area Edge Power Limit
96.21(d) Received Signal Strength Limits
(1) For both Priority Access and GAA users, CBSD transmissions must be managed such that the aggregate received signal strength, measured at any location on the Service Area boundary of any cochannel PAL, shall not exceed an average (rms) power level of -80 dBm in any direction when integrated over a 10 megahertz reference bandwidth, with the measurement antenna placed at a height of 1.5 meters above ground level, unless the affected PAL licensees agree to an alternative limit and communicate that to the SAS.
(2) These limits shall not apply for co-channel operations at the boundary between geographically adjacent PALs held by the same Priority Access Licensee.Slide78
CBSD Professional Installer Accreditation
“Given the importance of accurate reporting by professional installers, we strongly encourage the SAS and user community,
through multi-stakeholder fora or industry associations
, to develop programs for accrediting professional installers who receive training in the relevant Part 96 rules and associated technical best practices.”
(¶222)Slide79
CBSD Professional Installer Certification
Notes from April 30 discussion:
May tie to certification and trade-off in SAS requirements
Could define what information is required from the installer
May not be good for the Forum to get into the business of certifying guys with tool belts
Trust criteria for inputs to SAS
Want to minimize the amount of data from the installer
Proposed Deliverable
List of information required from the installer
Could simply flesh out Category B data requirements a bit more (antenna pattern, azimuth, downtilt, etc.)
Deliverable may be needed to avoid delay in certification process
WG4 (or joint 1/4) issue?Slide80
CBSD SAS Registration Requirements
“
We encourage multi-stakeholder groups
to consider the issues raised by the registration rules described in this section, including acceptable contact intervals between CBSDs and SASs, and to suggest appropriate operational parameters.”
(¶234)Slide81
CBSD SAS Registration Requirements
“Issues” refers to issues raised by commenters and not specifically addressed in the rules? (¶231)
Data verification
Update interval (heartbeat)
Data retention time
Storage of actual operational information
Confidentiality of sensitive information, including detailed operational parameters of mobile networks
Deliverable
Recommendations/requirements addressing above
Confidentiality should be addressed by WG2Slide82
CBSD SAS Registration Requirements
96.39(c)
Registration with SAS:
A CBSD must register with and be authorized by an SAS prior to its initial service transmission. The CBSD must provide the SAS upon its registration with its geographic location, antenna height above ground level (in meters), CBSD class (Category A/Category B), requested authorization status (Priority Access or General Authorized Access), FCC identification number, call sign, user contact information, air interface technology, unique manufacturer’s serial number, sensing capabilities (if supported), and additional information on its deployment profile required by sections 96.43 and 96.45. If any of this information changes, the CBSD shall update the SAS within 60 seconds of such change, except as otherwise set forth in this section. All information provided by the CBSD to the SAS must be true, complete, correct, and made in good faith. Slide83
CBSD SAS Registration Requirements
96.43 – Additional Requirements for Category A CBSDs
(a) Category A CBSDs shall not be deployed or operated outdoors with antennas exceeding 6 meters height above average terrain. CBSDs deployed or operated outdoors with antennas exceeding 6 meters height above average terrain will be classified as, and subject to, the operational requirements of Category B CBSDs.
(b) When registering with an SAS, Category A CBSDs must transmit all information required under section 96.39. This transmission shall also indicate whether the device will be operated indoors or outdoors.
(c) Any CBSD operated at higher power than specified for Category A CBSDs in section 96.41 will be classified as, and subject to, the operational requirements of a Category B CBSD. Slide84
CBSD SAS Registration Requirements
96.45 - Additional Requirements for Category B CBSDs
(a) Category B CBSDs must be professionally installed.
(b) In the 3550-3650 MHz band, Category B CBSDs must be authorized consistent with information received from an ESC, as described in section 96.15.
(c) Category B CBSDs are limited to outdoor operations.
(d) When registering with an SAS, Category B CBSDs must transmit all information required under section 96.39 plus the following additional information: antenna gain, beamwidth, azimuth, downtilt angle, and antenna height above ground level.Slide85
CBSD SAS Registration Requirements
96.53 -- Spectrum Access System Purposes and Functionality
…
(d) To register and authenticate the identification information and locations of CBSDs.
... Slide86
Interference Reporting
“We require that CBSDs be able to measure and report on their local interference levels and issues as set forth in the proposed rules. We encourage industry to develop detailed metrics regarding issues like received signal strength, packet error rate, and technology specific parameters of signal and interference metrics.
These metrics could be developed by an industry multistakeholder group
.”
(¶237)Slide87
Interference Reporting (paragraphs 235-237)
Background.
It was suggested in the FNPRM that, to help an SAS tune or update its predictive propagation models and detect realistic interference issues once CBSDs are deployed, the CBSDs should be able to provide signal strength and interference level measurements. This capability is already widely used to facilitate interference and radio resource management within cellular networks. It could be used in the 3.5 GHz Band to help promote coexistence between different users.
The record generally supports the proposal to incorporate interference reporting into CBSDs. However, some commenters contend that the details of such measurement/reporting should be specified by industry forums.
Discussion.
We require that CBSDs be able to measure and report on their local interference levels and issues as set forth in the proposed rules. We encourage industry to develop detailed metrics regarding issues like received signal strength, packet error rate, and technology specific parameters of signal and interference metrics. These metrics could be developed by an industry multistakeholder group. Such guidance could be incorporated in the SAS Approval process described in section IIIH)(3)(b) or incorporated independently by authorized SAS Administrators, subject to Commission review. This requirement is separate from sensing requirements associated with ESC, discussed in section III(I).Slide88
Interference Reporting
Could be another SAS approval criterion so this should be addressed expeditiously
Deliverable
Document describing “detailed metrics regarding issues like received signal strength, packet error rate, and technology specific parameters of signal and interference metrics.”Slide89
FSS Protections
“...[W]e agree ... that a multi-stakeholder process could provide insight into the technical factors and interference limits between coexisting services in the 3.5 GHz Band.”
(¶289)Slide90
FSS Protections
Order quotes widely disparate claims from commenting parties regarding FSS protection (both in-band and adjacent band)
Commission adopted rules for FSS earth stations to register operational parameters on a yearly basis, but the rules are otherwise silent on protection criteria, leaving that to the 2nd FNPRM and a multistakeholder group
Deliverable(s)
Recommendation document on FSS protection
WinnForum regulatory filing in response to 2nd FNPRM
Deadline will likely be ~mid-to-late June for comments, ~mid-to-late July for reply commentsSlide91
Data Security
“Data security is fundamental to the successful implementation of the Citizens Broadband Radio Service….We are mindful, however, of the limitations inherent in mandating any particular security technology or protocol through regulation.
We encourage the industry to develop best practices
for end-to-end security that can be validated in the equipment and SAS certification processes.”
(¶240)Slide92
Data Security
To be addressed by WG2 and WG3Slide93
SAS Requirements
“We continue to believe that a “light touch” regulatory approach is appropriate for this band and that the rules should include only the high-level requirements necessary to ensure the effective development and operation of fully functional SASs. We agree with commenters that support collaborative, industry-wide efforts to create standards and best practices governing SAS operations. The Commission will assist these efforts through the SAS Administrator approval process, as set forth in III(H)(3)(b).
We also believe that an active multi-stakeholder group could help develop industry consensus around the best methods of meeting the SAS requirements.”
(¶319)Slide94
SAS Requirements
Commission has laid out high-level functional requirements for SASs (96.53)
Otherwise it is allowing “SAS Administrators, individual licensees, and the rest of the industry to work together to implement procedures to meet the Commission’s regulations.”
Deliverable
This is a broad-brush endeavor that matches the general goals and deliverables of the SSC, including the WG1 requirements documentSlide95
Band Plan
“...[W]hile we decline to subdivide the 3550-3650 MHz band, nothing in the rules we adopt should be read to preclude industry agreement on a common bandplan, so long as the bandplan complies with the rules….
If industry stakeholders do not develop such a convention
, the Commission may revisit this issue in the future.”
(¶59)Slide96
Band Plan
Considerations
Analysis and metrics related to disruption to PAL/GAA operations due to incumbent operation
Improving stability and availability of spectrum access by PAL licensees under various incumbent scenarios
Reducing susceptibility of OOBE interference to/from PALs due to existing Wireless Broadband Service activity in 3650-3700
Consideration of temporary interstitial channel assignments to improve spectrum access during incumbent activity
Consistency with 3GPP band 42 & 43 channel raster
Considerations of relative priority of PAL and GAA channels during disruptionsSlide97
Band Plan
Deliverable
Recommended band plan for 3550-3650 MHz band
Recommendations related to dynamic band reconfiguration during incumbent activitySlide98
Congestion Metric
[I]t might be possible that instead of the bright-line urban/rural distinction implemented in these initial rules, industry stakeholders (
perhaps working through a multi-stakeholder forum
) could agree on a “congestion metric” and associated methodology for SAS to reduce CBSD power levels in high-demand areas. (¶214)Slide99
Congestion Metric
Commission could allow increased power limits for Cat B non-rural CBSDs, either by rule change or by waiver
Subject to advancements in technology, such as advanced SAS coordination capabilities or use of contention-based protocols in CBSDs (or both)
Deliverable
Document deriving concept of “congestion metric” to allow for dynamic (in time and space) power limits for Category B CBSDsSlide100
PAL Channel Reconfiguration Upon Single Incumbent Disruption
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Color corresponds to PAL license count:
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36 Different Ways 2-7 PALs Can Be Held By Up To 7 LicenseesSlide102
2nd Further Notice of Proposed RulemakingSlide103
Priority Access License
Licensed use
a
uthorized
in 3550 - 3650
MHz
Will be auctioned
License area will be census tracts as defined in the 2010 census
FCC may update license area definitions subsequent to future censuses
Each PAL is a 10 MHz channel in one license area
PAL licensee may aggregate up to four PALS in one license area
PAL license term is 3 years
Automatically expire at end and cannot be renewed, but licensee can re-applyInitial auction of licenses will allow aggregation of consecutive 3-year licenses; subsequent auctions will be three-years onlySlide104
Priority Access License (cont’d)
If only one PAL application in a license area is submitted, no PALS will be assigned and spectrum will remain solely GAA [(96.29(d)]
No more than seven PALs shall be assigned in any given license area at a time
Leaves at least 80 MHz for GAA in each census tract
Unused Priority Access frequencies may be used for GAA
Definition of “unused” addressed in 2nd FNPRM
PAL information will be maintained by the FCC and publicly accessible [96.23(c)]Slide105
General Authorized Access (GAA)
GAA may operate in 3550 - 3700 MHz
3650-3700 MHz portion is encumbered by Part 90 Wireless Broadband Service, which is granted protection rights out as long as 2023
GAA may utilize unused PAL frequencies
Definition of “unused” left for 2nd FNPRM
No expectation of interference protection from other GAA
No explicit language restricting aggregation of GAA
spectrum
GAA is licensed by rule (not unlicensed)Slide106
General Topic Areas Addressed in 2nd FNPRM
Defining “use” of PAL frequencies
Implementing Secondary Markets in Priority Access Licenses
Optimizing Protections for FSS
In-band protection of FSS in the 3650-3700 MHz band
Out-of-band protection of C-band FSS earth stationsSlide107
A Bit More DetailSlide108
Total = 804
138
353
313Slide109
Part 96 – Citizens Broadband Radio Service
Rules HighlightsSlide110
Incumbent ProtectionsSlide111
Federal Incumbent Protection: ESCs, Exclusion Zones
For CBSD operations in 3550-3650 MHz:
Category A CBSDs must protect by using ESC or exclusion zones [96.15(a)(3)]
Once an ESC is approved and used by at least one SAS, Category A CBSDs may only be authorized consistent with information on federal frequency use provided to the SAS by an approved ESC [96.15(a)(3)(ii)]
Category B CBSDs
must
rely on an ESC
Within 60 seconds of ESC notification to SAS, the SAS must either confirm suspension or relocation of CBSD operationsSlide112
Federal Incumbent Protection: ESCs, Exclusion Zones
For CBSDs operating in 3550-3650 MHz (cont’d):
FCC can add or modify exclusion zones or protection zones to protect current and future federal incumbents
Non-emergency reclamation orders will be coordinated between federal incumbent users and the FCC. The order, with an expiration date and time, will be communicated to the SAS [96.15(a)(6)]Slide113
Federal Incumbent Protection: ESCs, Exclusion Zones
For CBSDs operating in 3650-3700 MHz:
CBSDs and End User Devices must not cause harmful interference to, and must accept interference from, federal incumbent users operating in the 3500-3700 MHz band
Until ESCs are approved, exclusion zones must be maintained for an 80 km radius surrounding federal radiolocation sites at:
Pax River, MD
Pensacola, FL
Pascagoula, MS
SAS must reconfigure CBSDs within 60 seconds upon receiving an alert from an ESCSlide114
Federal Incumbent Protections: General
CBSDs operating in 3550-3650 MHz must [96.15(a)(1)]:
Not cause harmful interference to federal incumbents operating in or below this band
Must accept interference from federal incumbents operating in or below this band
Grandfathered Wireless Broadband Services must protect Fed and FSS consistent with rules governing CBRS [96.21(a)]Slide115
Federal Incumbent Protection: Kill Switch
Non-emergency reclamation orders will be coordinated between federal incumbent users and the FCC. The order, with an expiration date and time, will be communicated to the SAS [96.15(a)(6)]Slide116
FSS Protection: 3600-3650 and 3700-4200 MHz (96.17)
SAS required to enforce protections of FSS earth stations in 3600-3650 and 3700-4200 MHz
Sites listed at fcc.gov/cbrs-protected-fss-sites
FSS earth stations requesting protection must register annually by December 1st or when making changes
Registration info will be made available to approved SASs
Info must include coordinates, antenna gain, az/el antenna gain pattern, antenna pointing azimuth, antenna elevation angle
CBSDs may operate within interference zone of FSS earth station upon mutual agreement
Terms must be provided to a SAS provider and communicated with other SASsSlide117
FSS Protection: 3650-3700 MHz [96.21(c)]
CBRS and Grandfathered Wireless Broadband Licensees must protect authorized grandfathered FSS earth stations consistent with existing rules in Part 90, subpart Z, until the last Grandfathered Wireless Broadband license expires within a given protection zone.
“...base and fixed stations may not be located within 150 km of any grandfathered satellite earth station operating in the 3650–3700 MHz band” [90.1331(a)(1)]
Effectively no CBRS within 150 km of grandfathered sites, unless under an agreement with the FSS operator, and until the last Wireless Broadband License expires in that protection zone.Slide118
SAS Purpose and Functionality
96.53 spells out long list of SAS functional requirements, most of which are consistent with expectations, with the exception of
96.53(d) adds a requirement to authenticate the identification information and location of CBSDs (probably as a direct result of the NAB TVWS emergency petition)
96.53(j) requires facilitation of coordination among Category B GAA CBSDs
96.53(m) requires protection of Grandfathered Wireless Broadband LicenseesSlide119
SAS Information Gathering and Retention (96.55)
List of required information and retention is generally as expected, with the exception of:
96.55(a)(3) requires CBSD registration information to be available to the general public, but obfuscated
Records pertaining to other than fed spectrum use must be maintained for at least 60 months
Retention of ESC data will be addressed in the ESC approval process
Every CBSD registrant must acknowledge the risk of possible interference from federal users and SAS must keep records of this acknowledgmentSlide120
Scratchpad, Backup & Interesting IssuesSlide121
3550-3700 MHz Band Estimated Timeline
Anticipated activities prior to operations in the band:
Completion of follow-up rulemaking
Hardware availability
Establishment of requirements to achieve approval of Environmental Sensor Capability (ESC) to detect and avoid incumbent government radar
Establishment of requirements for SAS certification
Public trials of SAS
Proof of ESC ability to protect incumbent radar
Approval and certification of SAS and ESC
Estimated timeline for first deployments: ~18 months (late 2016)Slide122
End-to-End CBRS Architecture (FCC)
User
User
User
CBSD 1
CBSD 2
CBSD 3
CBSD 4
Proxy/
Network Manager
SAS1
SAS2
FCC
Databases (Commercial Users/Licenses)
ESC
(Federal Incumbent Use)
CBSD
Citizens Broadband radio Service Device
ESC
Environmental Sensing Capability (dedicated
device to detect incumbent radar activity)
SAS
Spectrum Access SystemSlide123
ESC-related Developments
Once an ESC is approved, all Category A devices, apparently under all SASs, must rely on ESC
Implies ESC operator will share ESC alerts with competing SASs
Low-budget SASs have no incentive to deploy their own ESC network
60 s time limit from ESC alert to CBSD reconfiguration
Much shorter than 11 minute interval (including 10 min heartbeat) in proposed rules
May require push technologySlide124
Clarifications/Questions
Where is the definition of Grandfathered Wireless Protection Zone? cf. 96.21(a)(1) Note: Definitions section says it will be defined by WTB and OET.
OOBE levels in 96.41(e)(1) are specified in PSD (dBm/MHz), but 96.41(e)(3) specifies different measurement bandwidths for different frequency offsets (1% of emission BW in first MHz, 1 MHz otherwise). This is conflicting, but we know what they meant.
There is a requirement for protection of OOBE C-band FSS (96.16(b)), but there is no definition of what that protection zone looks like.Slide125
Interesting
If only one PAL application in a license area is submitted, no PALS will be assigned and spectrum will remain solely GAA [(96.29(d)]
Grandfathered Wireless Broadband must now use same incumbent protection methodology as CBRS? Language in 96.21(a) is confusing.
What does 96.23(c) mean?
PAL radios must accept adjacent and in-band blocking interference as high as -40 dBm in 10 MHz from other PALS and GAA [96.41(f)]
SAS must authenticate identification information and location of CBSDsSlide126
Interesting (cont’d)
96.55(a)(3) requires CBSD registration information to be available to the general public, but obfuscated