What is Anatomy and Physiology Anatomy is the study of structure Derived from Greek and means to cut up or to cut open Physiology is the study of the functions of body structures Structure and function are very closely related ID: 659888
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Anatomical Positions Sports Medicine Sta..." is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Anatomical Positions
Sports Medicine Standard 2Slide2
What is Anatomy and Physiology?
Anatomy is the study of structure
Derived from Greek and means “to cut up” or “to cut open”
Physiology is the study of the functions of body structures
Structure and function are very closely relatedSlide3
Anatomic PositionSlide4
Planes of the Body
Body Planes
Coronal plane – also called frontal plane
A vertical plane that divides the body
i
nto anterior (front) and posterior (back)
p
arts.
Transverse Plane – also called the cross-
sectional or horizontal plane.
Cuts perpendicularly along the long axis
of the body/organ. The body or organ is
separated into both superior (upper) and
inferior (lower) parts.
Sagittal Plane – also called the median plane
Extends through the body or organ vertically
and divides the structure into right and left
halves.
Midsagittal
– sagittal plane in the middle
of the body *only one
Parasagittal – a plane that is parallel to the
Midsagittal
plane but either to the left or
right of it.Slide5
Anatomic Directions
Term
Meaning
Example
Anterior
In
front of; toward the front surface.
The stomach is anterior to the spinal cord.
Posterior
In back of; toward
the back surface.
The heart is posterior to the sternum.
Dorsal
At the back side of the human
body.
The spinal cord is on the dorsal
side of the body.
Ventral
At
the belly side of the human body.
The umbilicus (naval,
belly button) is on the ventral side of the body.Slide6
Anatomic Directions
Term
Meaning
Example
Superior
Toward
the head or above.
The chest is superior to the pelvis.
Inferior
Toward feet not head.
The stomach is inferior to the heart.
Caudal
At the rear or tail end.
The abdomen is caudal to the head.
Cranial
At the head end.
The head is cranial to the trunk.Slide7
Anatomic Directions
Term
Meaning
Example
Medial
Toward
the midline of the body.
The lungs
are medial to the shoulders.
Lateral
Away from the midline of the body.
The arms
are lateral to the heart.
Deep
On the inside, underneath another structure.
Muscles are deep
to the skin.
Superficial
On the outside.
The external edge of the kidney
is superficial to its internal structure.Slide8
Anatomic Directions
Term
Meaning
Example
Proximal
Closest to point of attachment to trunk.
The elbow is proximal
to the hand.
Distal
Furthest
from point of attachment to trunk.
The wrist is distal to the elbow.
Visceral
Related to internal organs.
The
thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities are lined with thin serous membranes
Parietal
Related to the body walls.
which are composed
of two layers: visceral (lines the internal organs) and parietal (lines the inside body wall)Slide9
Regional AnatomySlide10
Regional Anatomy
Regional
Name
Description
Abdominal
Region inferior to the thorax
(chest) and superior to the hip bones.
Antebrachial
Forearm (the portion
of the upper limb between the elbow and wrist.
Axillary
Armpit.
Brachial
Arm (the portion of the upper limb between the shoulder and the elbow).
Buccal
Cheek.
Calcaneal
Heel
of the foot.
Carpal
Wrist.Slide11
Regional Anatomy
Regional
Name
Description
Cephalic
Head.
Coxal
Hip.
Cranial
Head.
Crural
Leg.
Deltoid
Shoulder.
Digital
Fingers or toes.
Dorsal
Back.Slide12
Regional Anatomy
Regional
Name
Description
Facial
Face.
Femoral
Thigh.
Frontal
Forehead.
Gluteal
Buttock.
Hallux
Great toe.
Ingunial
Groin.
Lumbar
Loin.Slide13
Regional Anatomy
Regional
Name
Description
Mammary
Breast.
Nasal
Nose.
Occipital
Posterior base of the head.
Olecranial
Posterior to the elbow.
Oral
Mouth.
Orbital
Eye.
Palmer
Palm
of the hand.Slide14
Regional Anatomy
Regional
Name
Description
Patellar
Kneecap
Pelvic
Pelvis.
Perineal
Region between the anus and the external reproductive
organs.
Pes
Foot.
Plantar
Sole
of the foot.
Pollex
Thumb.
Popliteal
Area posterior
to knee.Slide15
Regional Anatomy
Regional
Name
Description
Pubic
Anterior region
of the pelvis.
Sacral
Posterior
region of between the hip bones.
Scapular
Shoulder blade.
Sternal
Middle of the thorax,
anteriorly.
Sural
Calf.
Tarsal
Ankle.
Thoracic
Chest or thorax.
Umbilical
Navel.
Vertebral
Spinal column.Slide16
Anatomical Positions
Anatomic Position
Decubitus/Recumbent
Position
Left/Right Lateral Recumbent
Supine
Prone
Fowler
Position
Knee-chest Position
Lithotomy
Position
Sims
position
Trendelenburg
PositionSlide17
Decubitus/Recumbent
Position
Means “lying down”
Dorsal Recumbent (or decubitus)
Means lying down on back
Left/Right Lateral Recumbent
Means lying down on left or right side
Left = recovery position
Anatomical PositionsSlide18
Anatomic Positions
Supine
Means face upSlide19
Anatomical Positions
Prone
Means face downSlide20
High Fowler’s Position
Patient is sitting upright as far as the bed can go
Between 60-90 degree angle
Fowler Position
Patient is sitting supine at 45-60 degree angle
Semi-Fowler’s Position
30-45 degree angle
Anatomical PositionsSlide21
Anatomical Positions
Knee-Chest Position
A prone position in which the individual rests on the knees and upper part of the
chest.Slide22
Anatomical Positions
Lithotomy Position
A
supine position of the body with the legs
separated and
flexedSlide23
Anatomical Positions
Sims Position
It is performed by having a patient lie on their left side, left hip and lower extremity straight, and right hip and knee
bent.
Interchangeable with lateral recumbent.Slide24
Anatomical Positions
Trendelenberg
Position
P
atient
lies face upward on a tilted table or bed with the pelvis higher than the head.