BMayerChabotCollegeedu Chabot Engineering Degrees PEs and System Engineering Outline Speaker Bio Which Degree BS MS PhD PE Systems Engineering What is it The Defining Attributes How it Differs From CE ID: 759588
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Bruce Mayer, PE Licensed Electrical &..." is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Bruce Mayer, PELicensed Electrical & Mechanical EngineerBMayer@ChabotCollege.edu
Chabot Engineering
Degrees, PEs, and
System Engineering
Slide2Outline
Speaker BioWhich Degree; BS, MS, PhD, PE?Systems EngineeringWhat is it?The Defining AttributesHow it Differs From CE, ChemE, EE, MatE, ME, etc.Why is it needed?i.e., What is the Value
Slide3Outline cont.1
How Do I Prepare for Systems Engineering?
Communication
LeadershipProfessional Engineering (PE) LicenseWHAT is it?HOW do I earn it?Application PreReq & ProcessEffort LevelWHY SHOULD I Earn it?CE’s vs. Everyone Else
Slide4Outline cont.2
LeaderShipA Critical Engineering SkillCollege/University Employment RecruitingWhat do Employers Need/Expect? One Recruiter’s Perspective
Slide5Which Degree for Me?
A New-Grad Baccalaureate Engineer Must Make a ChoiceGo To GRADUATESCHOOL IMMEDIATELYIf so, then MS or PhD?Enter the PRACTICE of EngineeringGo to Graduate School LATER?Limitations of BS-Only?
Slide6BS-Degree → Pros & Cons
ProponenciesQuickest Path to Making a LivingLargest Absolute Number of Professional OpportunitiesBest Selection of COMPANY and LOCATION
Contraries
Not Sufficient Qualifications for Some Positions
Statistically the Lowest Compensation
Lowest on the Prestige Ladder
But Still MUCH better than any OTHER Type of BS degree
Slide7MS-Degree → Pros & Cons
ProponenciesOnly 1-1.5 Years After BS DegreeQualified for Some Research PositionsNot “Over Qualified” for Most BS PositionsStill have Large Selection of Employers & Locations
Contraries
Not Sufficient Qualifications for Pure Research Positions
Extra Work without earning a Title
You’re Still a “Mr.” or a “Ms.”
Only about 25%
of the way up
the Prestige Ladder
Slide8PhD-Degree → Pros & Cons
ProponenciesQualified for the Highest PositionsThe Chance to Do ORIGINAL ResearchStatistically Best CompensationTop of the Prestige LadderInstant Credibility
ContrariesMay be Considered “Over Qualified” for Many PositionsSeverely Contracts the Employer & Location Sets 3-4 YEARS of INTENSE Academic Training after the BSNo Salary, Large Student Loans
Slide9Caveat Emptor
Success in the Private Sector is NOT Strictly Tied to Academic Achievement
These People Hold Advanced DegreesJack Welch, CEO General ElectricPh.D. ChemE University of IllinoisAndy Grove, CEO Intel Corp.Ph.D., ChemE UCBerkeley
These People Do NOT
Bill Gates, Chairman MicroSoft
Michael Dell, Chairman Dell Computer
Larry Ellison, CEO ORACLE Corp
Slide10A PE License Certificate
Slide11The “Board”
Slide12Professional Engineer License
What is it?
Defined by the State of California PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS ACT
Business and Professions Code § 6700 – 6799
§6701. Professional Engineer Defined
“Professional engineer”… refers to a person engaged in the professional practice of rendering service or creative work requiring education, training and experience in engineering sciences and the application of special knowledge of the mathematical, physical and engineering sciences in such professional or creative work as consultation, investigation, evaluation, planning or design of public or private utilities, structures, machines, processes, circuits, buildings, equipment or projects, and supervision of construction for the purpose of securing compliance with specifications and design for any such work.
Slide13How to Earn the License
Graduate
From an ABET-accredited engineering program at a college or university
Earn Engineer-in-Training (EIT) Cert
Pass the 8-Hour FUNDAMENTALS Exam
Take After 3rd Year at
an ABET Accredited University
Accumulate 6
yrs
qualifying experience
4
yrs
for BS; 5
yrs
for MS or PhD
Need at Least ONE year of REAL Experience
Pass the 8-Hr, Discipline-Specific Professional Engineer’s Exam
Slide14PE Exam Application
Slide15Currently Licensed Disciplines
Agricultural ChemicalCivilControl System ElectricalFire ProtectionIndustrialMechanical
MetallurgicalNuclearPetroleum Traffic
Slide16The Board’s Mission
From:
http://www.pels.ca.gov/pubs/consumer_guide.pdf
The Mission of the Board for Professional Engineers and Land Surveyors is to
safeguard the life, health, property, and welfare of the public
by regulating the practice of professional engineering and land surveying
Slide17TakeHome Exam on Ethics
Covers
CA state-laws
BOARD FOR PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS, LAND SURVEYORS, AND
GEOLOGISTS rules
Ethics in General
http://www.pels.ca.gov/applicants/pe_takehome.pdf
Can see actual questions
Slide18Are the TestsHard?
EIT → Not so Bad
PE → Can be Quite Difficult
About 60% for CE,
EE, and ME
Slide19FE/EIT Question Examples
Slide20FE/EIT Question Examples
Find the Phasor Current, IO, in the Circuit Below
Find vO(t) at t = 0.75 seconds
Slide21FE/EIT Question Examples
Slide22FE/EIT Question Examples
Slide23FE/EIT Question Examples
Slide24FE/EIT Question Examples
Slide25Why Earn the PE License?
Do I NEED it?Civil Engineers → Absolutely REQUIRED90+% of CE Work Must Be Approved by A State-Licensed Civil/Structural EngineerCE is PRACTICE REGULATED by the State of Calif.EveryOne Else → NICE to Have90-95% of Work in the Other Major Disciplines Does NOT require licensureEE and ME are PARTIALLY Practice-RegulatedPrimarily Those who Work for the State, Cities, and CountiesALL Other Branches are NOT Practice-RegulatedThus NO Regulation-Driven Registration
Slide26About 18% of “Engineers” are Licensed
This California Data suggests that ~75% of these are CEs
Or about 4.5% of All NonCE “Engineers” are Licensed
56k out of 1250k by BLS Stats
Slide27Historical Pass Rates
Slide28If Not CE, Then Why PE?
Licensure DISTINGUISHES you from other Engineers
CREDIBILITY when starting your own business or consulting
ONLY PE’s Can use
the Terms
Professional Engineer
Consulting Engineer
Registered Engineer
Slide29If Not CE, Then Why PE? (cont)
For an engineer, becoming registered or licensed is comparable to A Medical Doctor passing themedical board examination A Lawyer passing the bar examinationAn Accountant becoming a CPA Thus, becoming a licensed engineer grants an enhanced status in the eyes of the public, and equates with professionals licensed in other fields.
Slide30If Not CE, Then Why PE? (cont)
Only LICENSED PROFESSIONALS are allowed SIGN and SEAL Engineering plans for the Public
Licensure is a sign of COMMITMENT to
the
PROFESSION
The PE license Enhances
the
Potential for Salary-Increases and Promotions
Yields a Higher Level of Respect and Credibility among
Engineering Peers
Slide31The Power of the PE License
Well Summarized by the National Society of Professional Engineers
"Licensure is the mark of a professional. It’s a standard recognized by employers and their clients, by governments and by the public as an assurance of dedication, skill and quality.”
Slide32WHY Earn the License?
Over 80% of WORKING Engineers are NOT LicensedMost Engineering PROFESSORS are Highly Trained but UNLicensedException is CE which is “Practice Regulated”Why then should a NonCE endure the Time, Effort, Expense, and Stress associated with Earning the PE?
Slide33The Power of the PE License
Your PE License Sets You Apart
For fields such as EE where the PE is preferred but usually not required, it gives you another opportunity to STAND OUT.
A PE License Generally Means a Higher Salary
From the 2010 NSPE Salary Survey of ALL Engineering Disciplines
UNLicensed
Salary → $94k/year
Licensed Salary → $99k/year (≈5% more)
Slide34The Power of the PE License
A Differentiator in the Hiring ProcessIf a company has to CHOOSE between two qualified applicants, one with a PE license and one without, then which one has the advantage?Sign and Seal Design DocumentsOnly a licensed engineer can submitplans and drawings, and be in charge of certain projects in the private sector.
Slide35The Power of the PE License
The License Confers Special TitlesBy the CA Professional Engineers Act ONLY Licensed Engineers can use titles:“CONSULTING engineer” “PROFESSIONAL engineer” “REGISTERED engineer”License Applies ThruOut the USAFE and PE exams and the minimum registration requirements are STANDARDIZED NATIONALLY
Slide36PE Q&A
Who Writes the Exam?CA uses FE and PE Exams Written by the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES)Located in Clemson, SCProvides a great deal of information and test-prep Materialshttp://www.ncees.org/Where are the Exam Sites?San Mateo, Sacramento, Pomona, San Diego
Slide37PE Q&A
I want to Take the MetalE Exam, but I need THREE Licensed References, AND MetalE is small discipline that is Not Heavily Registered. HOW can I get the Required Refs?The PE Act Exempts from Licensed Refs NonCivil Engineers Practicing in Industry
Plain Language Pamphlet http://www.dca.ca.gov/pels/e_plppe.htm
2: Q26. What constitutes a satisfactory reference in connection with an application?
In California, electrical and mechanical (and other Branches) engineering work performed by employees of the Federal Government, and employees of manufacturing, mining, public utility, research and development, or other
industrial corporations
is exempt, and thus,
such employees
may serve as references whether or
not
they are licensed as long as they are
qualified to appraise the technical competency
of the applicant.
Slide38PE Q&A
HOW and HOW-MUCH Should I Study for the Exam?Lots of Prep Materials AvailableGOOGLE Search on “California PE Exam Study Course”http://www.pelicense.org/http://ppi2pass.com/catalog/servlet/MyPpihttp://www.uclaextension.edu/
Plan on Studying the Equivalent of a 5-unit Qtr-Course15 hrs/wk forabout 11 wks
Slide39Any
Questions?
Slide40Bruce Mayer, PELicensed Electrical & Mechanical EngineerBMayer@ChabotCollege.edu
Chabot Engineering
Appendix
Slide41Systems
Engineering
Concept Drawing for
IC Manuf. Machine Tool
Slide42Systems Engineering
What is it? → Short Answer
Understand the Needs of the CUSTOMER
To Design the ARCHITECTURE of a MULTI-ELEMENT SYSTEM (Product and/or Service)
Then LEAD Product DESIGN, PROTOTYPING, TESTING, and INTRODUCTION
Lead by Determining
WHO
will do
WHAT
by
WHEN
and for
HOW MUCH-$
Slide43System Architecture – WJ2000A
FSMenagh
L. Harlamoff
HSPaek
B. Mayer
B. Mayer
(acting as of 08Nov)
AKMcGrogan
CEErickson
R. Reghitto
MSWalton
MSWalton
RSMurphy
DMDobkin
Z. Yuan
B. Mayer
CalPoly-SLO
Alum
Slide44What IS a System?
A system is a construct or collection of DIFFERENT ELEMENTS that TOGETHER produce results NOT OBTAINABLE by the ELEMENTS ALONE. The elements, or parts, can include PEOPLE, HARDWARE, SOFTWARE, FACILITIES, POLICIES, and DOCUMENTSThe RESULTS include SYSTEM Level qualities, Properties, Characteristics, Functions, Behavior and PERFORMANCE. The VALUE ADDED by the system as a whole, beyond that contributed independently by the parts, is primarily CREATED by the RELATIONSHIP AMONG THE PARTS; that is, how they are interconnected
Courtesy of the International Council on Systems Engineering
Slide45WHY Systems Engineering?
Modern Heavily-Engineered Products are Highly INTERDISCIPLINARYUNDERSTANDING and DESIGN of Complex-Component INTERACTION is AS IMPORTANT as the Components themselvesSOMEONE has to have a View of the Product From the CUSTOMER/USER Perspective
Slide46SysEngr Characteristics
A TRUE Technical Position
NOT a “Program MANAGER”
Some Synonyms
Project Engineer
System Architect (my Favorite)
Product Engineer
The Primary TECHNICAL Contact for
Customers
Company Upper-Management
Slide47System Performance Design Rules
USERS of Heavily Engineered systems generally do not specify the detailed
operational
requirements for the Hardware & Software that comprise the system. Instead the CUSTOMER (often another Engineer) specifies PERFORMANCE criteria such as
ThruPut
,
OutPut
Quality,
DownTime
, etc.
System Engineers translate the CUSTOMER PERFORMANCE Requirements into internal HW/SW Design SPECIFICATIONS.
Slide48Systems Engineering Owns
System ArchitectureOverall Function of the System at a Conceptual LevelCustomer Interface DocumentsFacility/Installation Diagram(s)Facility/Host Communication interfaceThe System Specification that definesSystem & Subsystem PerformanceLife Cycle Analysis if Needed
Slide49Systems Engineering Owns cont.-1
The System Specification that defines System & Subsystem Compliance to industry standards and regulations
System Operation (a.k.a. Theory of Operation)
Subsystem Interconnects (System integration)
The Project Schedule (How Long?)
The Project Budget (How Much?)
Slide50Systems Engineering Owns cont.-2
The Project Implementation Team (Who?)
Elements from: Mechanical/Electrical Design, Process, Software,
Manufacturing.,
etc.
Setting Project Priorities (What Next?)
Technical Communication to the “Outside World” (Product Education)
Internal Sales & Marketing
Operations (
Manufacturing,
Training, Service)
Customers Directly When Needed
Slide51SysEngr owns the Product Spec
Slide52SysEngr – Technical Side
The INCOSE “SIMILAR” Model
S
tate the problemInvestigate alternativesModel the system
I
ntegrate
L
aunch the system,
A
ssess performance
R
e-evaluate
Slide53SysEngr Special Skills
MUST Be Comfortable In Front of the CUSTOMERWhen the Sales Engineers Exhaust Their Technical Expertise the SysEngr Takes Over to Explain the ProductEffective CommunicatorBecome a POLISHED and PROFESSIONAL PresenterWrite CLEARLY and CONCISELYWrite a LOT
Slide54SysEngr Special Skills
Accurate Task SCHEDULER
Aim for Massive PARALLELISM
Recognize DEPENDENCIES & SEQUENCES
Extra Effort to NOT to MISS Anything
Accurate L&M $-Cost ESTIMATOR
SysEngr OWES Company Management REALISTIC $-Cost Estimates
Serves as Input to the Business-Required Return on Investment (RoI) Decisions
Slide55Overall/LongTerm 3x00 S2/S8/CE Schedule
Ref. BMayer file 3100_S2S8CE_0109.mpp
Slide56Overall/LongTerm 3x00 S2/S8/CE Schedule
Slide57Project $-Cost Estimate
Slide58How Do I Prepare For SysEngr?
Take Courses OUTSide Your DisciplineListen Carefully to Product UsersLearn to Write, and Write a lotBecome Comfortable in Front of an Audience
Take LEADERSHIP PositionsINCOSE Cert
Slide59SE Disciplines Qualifyingfor SE Experience
Requirements Engineering Risk and Opportunity Management Baseline Control Technical Planning Technical Effort Assessment Design Development Qualification, Verification, and Validation Process Definition Tool Support Training System Integration Quality Assurance Specialty Engineering
SE Certification
Excellence thru
Balanced Solutions
CSEP
Slide60The Power of the PE License
Well Summarized by the National Society of Professional Engineers
"Licensure is the mark of a professional. It’s a standard recognized by employers and their clients, by governments and by the public as an assurance of dedication, skill and quality.”
Slide61State of CA Board for Professional Engineers and Land Surveyors
Mission Statement
The Mission of the Board for Professional Engineers and Land Surveyors is to safeguard the life, health, property, and welfare of the public by regulating the practices of professional engineering and land surveying. The Board accomplishes its Mission by:
Licensing qualified individuals as professional engineers and land surveyors.
Anticipating changes in the engineering and land surveying professions to ensure that the laws and regulations are contemporary, relevant, and responsive.
Establishing regulations and promoting professional conduct.
Enforcing laws and regulations.
Providing information so that the public can make informed decisions regarding utilizing professional engineering and land surveying services.
Slide62State of CA Board for Professional Engineers and Land Surveyors
Vision Statement
The Board for Professional Engineers and Land Surveyors will have a major role in ensuring that Professional Engineers and Land Surveyors provide the highest quality professional services.
Consumers and licensees will have access to comprehensive information through a wide range of technology and facilities.
California Professional Engineers and Land Surveyors will possess the knowledge, skills, and abilities enabling them to meet the expectations of clients and consumers.
The public will have a high degree of confidence in the engineering and land surveying of roads, bridges,
buildings, and other facilities and systems.
Slide63System EngineeringR&R(Roles & Responsibilities)
Bruce Mayer, PEProduct Development Team Leaderbruce.mayer@wj.com • 15Jun99
W A T K I N S - J O H N S O N C O M P A N YSemiconductor Equipment Group
Slide64Process Performance Design Rules
Users of CVD systems generally do not specify the detailed performance requirements for the Hardware & Software that comprise the system. Instead the CVD process engineer specifies film performance criteria such as film-depth uniformity, or film-doping uniformity.
System Engineers translate the Process Performance Specification into HW/SW Design Specifications.
Slide65System Engineering Owns
System Architecture
Overall Function of the System at a Conceptual Level
Customer Interface Documents
Facility Diagram
Facility/Host
Communication interface
Discrete I/O
Software Protocol; e.g. SECS/GEM running on TCP/IP
The System Specification that defines
System & Subsystem Performance
Slide66System Engineering Owns cont.-1
The System Specification that defines System & Subsystem Compliance to industry standards and regulations
System Operation (a.k.a. Theory of Operation)
Subsystem interconnects (system integration)
May specify in detail: Fasteners, Plumbing Fittings, Electrical Connectors, Software Languages
The Project Schedule (How Long?)
The Project Budget (How Much?)
Slide67System Engineering Owns cont.-2
The Project Implementation Team (Who?)Elements from: Design, Process, Software, etc.Setting Project Priorities (What Next?)Technical Communication to the “outside world”Internal Sales & MarketingOperations (Manuf, Training, Service)Customers Directly When Needed
Q.E.F.
Slide68Do It Right the 1st Time?
My Personal Favorite
Slide69APNext™ Generation
ThruPut Enhancement
System Architecture Analysis
Bruce Mayer, PE
Product Development Team Leader
bmayer@svg.com • 14Apr2000
Slide70Architectural Analysis: Define Terms
General Case APNext™ Chamber
m = number of MultiBlok™ Injectors (2 in this example)
n = number gas outlets in a MultiBlok™ Injector (3 in this case)k = number of heated chucks (2 in this example)j = number of deposition/coating passes (6 in this example)
MODEL
the
SYSTEM
Slide71Define of Stroke-Length Terms
In Most Subsequent Analyses
Lg = 25 mm
Lss = 55 mmP = 60 mmLcc = 518 mm (300mm)
W = 28 mmLox = 9mmLmb = 50 mmLend = 100 mm
MODEL
the
SYSTEM
Slide72The Distance Equations
MODEL
the
SYSTEM
Slide73Velocity & Gas-On Time Eqns
Term definitionsd = film depth (0.8 µm = 8000 Å)j = number of passes under the injectors (14)m = number of MulitBlok™ Injectors (2)n = number of MultiBlok™ Outlets (2)Adm= Area under Static Print Dep Mound (1595 Å-mm/s)Ltot = Total Translate Path-Length
A
dm
MODEL
the
SYSTEM
Slide74MODEL
the
SYSTEM