Gareth James Hani Adhami Senior Consultant Senior Consultant WSV423 Agenda Overview of Cluster Shared Volumes CSV Whats changed in Windows Server 2012 New CSV Architecture P erformance Enhancements ID: 582733
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Slide1
Cluster Shared Volumes Reborn in Windows Server 2012
Gareth James Hani AdhamiSenior Consultant Senior Consultant
WSV423Slide2
Agenda
Overview of Cluster Shared Volumes (CSV)
What’s changed in Windows Server 2012
New CSV Architecture
P
erformance Enhancements
Improved Backup of
V
olumesSlide3
What are Cluster Shared Volumes (CSV)?
Clustered file system in Windows Server 2012
Layer of abstraction above NTFS
Simultaneous access to CSV volume by multiple cluster nodes
LUN ownership abstracted from clustered application
Failover without drive ownership changes
No dismounting and remounting of volumes
Faster failover times (less downtime)Slide4
Addresses Management Complexity
Challenges of Managing Hyper-V Clusters
Manageability
Multi-path
Masking several LUN’s
Flexibility
LUN - smallest unit of failover
Capacity
Poor SAN space
utilisation
Scalability
Complexity with drive lettersSlide5
Cluster Shared Volumes as you know it Today
Windows Server 2008 R2
F
irst
introduced in Windows Server 2008
R2
Only supported
Hyper-V workloadFocused v1 release targeted at enabling Hyper-V
Implemented as file system mini-filter Intercepted and routed I/OSlide6
CSV Motivations for Windows Server 2012
Expand CSV to more workloads
File Server in addition to Hyper-V
Improve Backup
Improved performance
Direct I/O for more scenarios
Support for Spaces storage
virtualisationMulti-subnet supportSlide7
New CSV Architecture
What it delivers
Improved interoperability with file system mini-filter drivers
Better interoperability : Anti-virus software, Backup Software
Application consistent distributed backups
Removed external authentication dependencies
Improved performance and resiliencySlide8
New CSV Architecture Cont….
Support for memory mapped filesAllows volume encryption
BitLocker encrypted volumes
Integrated with new File System features
Support for Offloaded Data Transfer (ODX)
Spot-fixing integrated to do online correction Slide9
Under the hood
CSV ArchitectureSlide10
Cluster Shared Volumes (CSV)
I/O Synchronisation Overview
Metadata
Shared LUN
Shared Storage
VHD
VHD
VHD
Read/Write
Simultaneous
read/write access on all Cluster Nodes
Server side metadata
synchronisation
- Avoids I/O interruptionsSlide11
When do Metadata Updates Occur?
Virtual Machine
Creation/deletion
Power on/off
Mobility (live/storage migration)
Extending dynamic VHD
Renaming VHD
Backup - Snapshot creationSlide12
Disk
Volume Manager
NTFS
CSV File System Filter
VM
Share
Server / SMB
Node 2
Disk
VM
Share
MUP/RDBSS/SMB
Node 1
VM
Share
MUP/RDBSS/SMB
Node 3
Direct I/O
CSV
VolumeMgr
CSV Proxy File System
Storage Connection Broken or not present
Coordination Node
CSV
VolumeMgr
CSV Proxy File System
CSV
VolumeMgr
CSV Proxy File System
CSVFS
SAN
LBFO/RDMASlide13
Simplified Setup
Configuring a CSV Disk
Failover Cluster Manager Storage view integration
“Cluster Shared Volumes” container removed
CSV integrated into Failover Cluster core feature
No longer needs to be explicitly enabled
Simply right-click to add to CSV – that’s it!Slide14
demo
Setting up Clustered Shared VolumesSlide15
Single Namespace
Consistent view across the cluster
Single consistent file name space
Files have same name and path on any cluster node
Volumes exposed under “ClusterStorage” root directory
VolumeX directory name can be renamedSlide16
CSV Namespace
Mount Points
U
sed custom reparse points in Win2008 R2
Win2012 uses standard Mount Points
Delivers better interoperability with:
Performance Counters
System Center Operations ManagerMonitoring free space on CSV volumesBetter interoperability with backup softwareSlide17
CSV Proxy File System
CSV enabled volumes now appear as “CSVFS”
NTFS file system under the covers
Enables applications to be CSV aware
Ensures compatibilitySlide18
Resiliency
How CSV Enables Even
H
igher
A
vailabilitySlide19
Fault Tolerant Application Handles
CSV Resiliency
CSV provides I/O fault tolerance
Transparently handles node, network, and HBA failures
CSVFS
virtualises
file handles to applications
Volume Paused - I/O queuedReopens “true” files handles and remaps the “virtual” handlesVolume Resumed – I/O completedFailover is transparent to application!Slide20
VHD
I/O Connectivity Fault Tolerance
VM running on Node 2 is unaffected
Coordination Node
SAN Connectivity Failure
I/O Redirected via network
VM’s can then be live migrated to another node with zero client downtimeSlide21
VHD
Node Fault Tolerance
Volume relocates to a healthy node
Brief queuing of I/O while volume ownership is changed
Node Failure
VM running on Node 2 is unaffected
Coordination Node
New Coordinator
NodeSlide22
VHD
Network Fault Tolerance
Volume mounted on Node 1
Network Path Connectivity Failure
Metadata Updates Rerouted to redundant network
Fault-Tolerant TCP connections make a path failure seamless
VM running on Node 2 is unaffectedSlide23
demo
Cluster Shared Volume
ResiliencySlide24
Performance
Improved CSV PerformanceSlide25
Cluster Shared Volumes Caching
Improved CSV I/O Performance
Windows Cache Manager integration
Buffered read and write I/O’s cached like traditional NTFS
CSV Block Cache
Read-Only cache for un-buffered I/O
Distributed cache consistent across cluster
Huge value for Pooled VM VDI scenarios512 MB recommended valueDisabled by defaultNo downtime to modifySlide26
demo
Cluster Shared Volume
Block Cache in actionSlide27
Redirected I/O Less Often
CSV Optimisations
Direct I/O for more scenarios
Delivers faster I/O performance and lower network overhead
Direct I/O for all types of file opens
Buffered Reads and Writes
Better VM creation and copy performance
New algorithm for I/O redirection detectionOpportunistic Locking as distributed locking mechanismSlide28
Block Level I/O Redirection
High Performance fault condition I/O redirection
2x performance over File System redirection
Disk
Volume Manager
NTFS
CSV File System Filter
VM
Share
Server / SMB
Node 1
VM
Share
MUP/RDBSS/SMB
Node 2
Storage Connection Broken or not present
Coordination Node
CSV
VolumeMgr
CSV Proxy File System
CSV
VolumeMgr
CSV Proxy File System
CSVFS
LBFO/RDMA
Avoids traversing file system stack
twiceSlide29
SMB 3.0 Performance Improvements
Inherit gains for CSV redirection performance
Improved Performance of refactored SMB 3.0 client (98%)
Network transport
optimisations
TCP/IP – SMB multi-channel & NIC Teaming, TCP offloads, DC-TCP
RDMA – Lowest network CPU overhead (cycles/byte)Slide30
High Speed CSV I/O Redirection
SMB 3.0 integration
SMB multi-channel
Traffic streamed across multiple networks
Improved I/O performance in redirected mode
SMB Direct (SMB 3.0 over RDMA)
CSV Streaming I/O Across Multiple Networks
Coordinator Node
VHD
10.10.10.X
20.20.20.X
VM with I/O being redirectedSlide31
Performance Improvements – Recap
CSV Redirected mode enhancement summary
Many Pieces Come Together for Radical ImprovementSlide32
Deployment
CSV Deployment ConsiderationsSlide33
CSV Requirements
The requirements to enable a disk to be CSV
Basic disk
Formatted with NTFS file system
FAT / FAT32 /
ReFS
not supportedCSV enabled disk cannot be used as a Witness Disk (aka. quorum disk)
Can be basic or a SpaceSimple SpaceMirrored Space with block level Redirected I/OParity Space not supportedCannot have Windows Dedup enabledSlide34
Planning VM Density Per CSV Volume
Deployment considerations
How many VMs per CSV volume?
No CSV volume restrictions
VMFS limitations do
not
apply to CSV
CSV volume Metadata updates orchestrated server side and parallelised How many IOPS can your storage array handle?Slide35
Backup
CSV BackupSlide36
CSV Backup Key Wins
Distributed Snapshots
Distributed app consistent snapshot creation across cluster
Non-disruptive backups
CSV volume ownership does not change during backup
Parallel Backups
On same or different
CSV volumes
Cluster nodes
Improved Interoperability
Backup applications / requestors not required to be ‘CSV aware’
With filter drivers
Improved I/O performance
Direct I/O mode for software snapshotsSlide37
Summary
Key TakeawaysCSV significantly enhanced in Windows Server 2012
Support for more workloads
High performance
Name a concern, it’s gone!
CSV is a core infrastructure to enable your private cloud
INFRASTRUCTURE
as a SERVICESlide38
Related Content
Find Us Later At the ‘Speaker Lounge’ (12:45 – 13:45)
Breakout Sessions (session codes and titles)
VIR312 - What's New in Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V, Part
1
VIR315 - What's New in Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V, Part 2
VIR314 - WS2012 Hyper-V Live Migration and Live Storage
Migration
WSV326 - The Path to Continuous Availability with
WS2012
WSV332 - Cluster-Aware Updating and the New Generation of WSUSSlide39
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