CULTURE SHOCK ADJUSTMENT PROCESS REENTRY PROCESS INDIVIDUAL REACTIONS CULTURAL DISLOCATION OVERCOMING CULTURE SHOCK CULTURAL ADJUSTMENT CULTURE SHOCK CS is a psychological disorientation that most people experience when living in a culture markedly different from ones own ID: 658351
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Slide1
CULTURAL ADJUSTMENT
CROSS CULTURAL UNDERSTANDINGSlide2
CULTURE SHOCK
ADJUSTMENT PROCESS
RE-ENTRY PROCESS
INDIVIDUAL REACTIONSCULTURAL DISLOCATIONOVERCOMING CULTURE SHOCK
CULTURAL ADJUSTMENT Slide3
CULTURE SHOCK
CS is a psychological disorientation that most people experience when living in a culture markedly different from one’s ownCS is a result of total immersion in a new culture. CS happens to people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad where they became anxious because they do not speak the language, know the customs, or understand people’s behavior in daily lifeSlide4
Symptoms of Cultural ShockSadness, loneliness, melancholy
Preoccupation with health Aches, pains, and allergies Insomnia, desire to sleep too much or too little
Changes in temperament, depression, feeling vulnerable, feeling powerless
Anger, irritability, resentment, unwillingness to interact with others Identifying with the old culture or idealizing the old country Loss of identity Trying too hard to absorb everything in the new culture or country Unable to solve simple problems Lack of confidence Feelings of inadequacy or insecurity Developing stereotypes about the new culture Developing obsessions such as over-cleanliness Longing for family Feelings of being lost, overlooked, exploited or abused Slide5
ADJUSTMENT PROCESS
(1)
Honeymoon
period
(2)
Culture Shock
(4)
Mental Isolation
(3)
Initial Adjustment
(1)
Honeymoon
period
(5)
Acceptance
& IntegrationSlide6
RE-ENTRY PROCESS
(1)
Honeymoon
period
(2)
Return anxiety
(4)
Re-entry shock
(3)
Return
Honeymoon
(1)
Acceptance & integration
(5)
Re-integration
Slide7
INDIVIDUAL REACTIONS
Elmer (
2002)Slide8
CULTURAL DISLOCATIONS
The reaction someone makes in a cross-cultural encounter determines the result he gets. A positive reaction—characterized with openness, acceptance & trust— & produce rapport and understanding. A negative reaction—characterized with suspicion, fear, prejudice—& produce alienation and isolation.
The outcomes a cross-cultural encounter can be of three types:
The encapsulators, i.e. people who keep on avoiding or fighting the second culture by trying to creating a ‘small exclusive world’ based on their first or original culture. The cosmopolitan, which refers to people who adjust to both the first (original) and the second culture as well. The absconder, i.e. people who adjust to the second culture and “ignore” their first (original) culture. To get more complete description, look at the following diagram.Slide9
Reaction
Differences that cause disorientation
Toilets—Climate
Food—Water
Heat—Illness
Roads—Shops
Driving—Money
Markets—Transportation
Etiquette—Custom
Habit—Belief
Language—Traits
Religion
Physical Differences
Environmental Differences
Cultural Differences
Most Common
Most Successful
Most Rare
FLIGHT:
Rejection
Retreatism
Insulation
Regression
FIGHT:
Hostility
Anger
“Shock”
Disgust
Disapproval
Optimism, Empathy, Positive Outlook. Interest, Acceptance, Curiosity, Cross-Cultural Education
Cross-Cultural Contact
Goes ‘native’,
Falls in love with the new culture,
Adopts life-style, food, dress, speech, etc.
May take up citizen-ship in local country
May marry a local person
THE ENCAPSULATOR
avoid or fight the local (second) culture
build ‘Little
Batak
’, ‘Little China’, etc.
Minimum contact with local people
THE ABSCONDER
Adjust to local (second) culture
Minimum contact with original culture
Maximum contact with local people
THE COSMOPOLITAN
Adjust to both local (second) and original cultures
Aloof in both worlds
About equal contact with both
Cultural Type
Cultural Type
Cultural TypeSlide10
OVERCOMING CULTURE-SHOCK
Open your mind
Participate
Talk about itBe in contact Be Humorous