PPT-Lightning

Thunderstorm structure Thunderstorms are classified into four major types namely the supercell squall line multicell single cell The strongest type is called the supercell which can be as wide as 24 kilometers . Most of those discharges are cloudtocloud but about 30 end up as the cloudtoground discharge that we are most familiar with There are a number of websites that describe the atmospheric electrical discharge that we know of as lightning but the averag . and. Surge . Protection. . according. . to. IEC 62305. Lightning and Surge Protection. 1. Damage. due . to. . Lightning. . and. . Surges. Lightning and Surge Protection. 2. Lightning and Surge Protection. Effective and Efficient. Which aspects of your instruction do you feel are most effective, most efficient? . How . do you make them so? . Do . you know the research that supports your effective instructional practices? . Facts about lightning. 80% of lightning is from cloud-to-cloud. . Only 20% strikes the ground.. Primarily in mature cumulonimbus clouds. . More frequent at higher altitudes.. Lightning always produces thunder-however you can’t always here it. . RITT Presentation. Tom Filiaggi (NWS – MDL). 11/28/12. Evaluation of “. 2. σ. ” as Predictor for Severe Weather. Agenda. Total Lightning. Lightning Mapping Arrays (LMAs). Previous Research Summary. Chattanooga, Tennessee (Hamilton County) For Public Safety and Decision Making. What is the utility of . using Lightning Mapping Array (LMA) . data for public safety and decision making for Emergency Management?. Supercell. Tornado 5 . to 10 miles northwest . of Cheyenne. By Rob Cox (NWS Cheyenne) . July 29, 2013 @ ~6pm. Photo Courtesy Steve . Apfel. Tornado . ~5 to 10 . miles Northwest of Cheyenne. 0.5 deg. Z ~15 min prior to Tornado. Intracloud: most frequent (can also have cloud to cloud). Cloud to ground. Air discharge: from charged region to air. Intercloud. Types of Lightning. Bolt from Blue. Spider. Cloud-to-Air. Intracloud & Cloud-to-Ground. Cloud to Ground. Ground to Cloud. Cloud to Cloud. Forked Lightning. Sheet Lightning. Scott A. Mandia. “Heat Lightning”. Ribbon Lightning. Bead Lightning. Three frames from a motion-picture film of bead lightning, showing the appearance of. 23 July 2015. Sources. Three-part QST article. Lightning Protection for the Amateur Radio Station. Ron Block KB2UYT. http://www.arrl.org/lightning-protection. . http://www.arrl.org/files/file/Technology/tis/info/pdf/0206056.pdf. Safety Training Presentations. Institute of Occupational Safety and Health. FY-11 OSHA Susan Harwood Grant Program. This material was produced under grant number . SH22297-SH1. from OSHA. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. . X. and its Impact on . Air Quality over the Contiguous United States. Office of Research and Development. Computational Exposure Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory . Daiwen Kang, Rohit Mathur, Limei Ran, Gorge Pouliot, David Wong, Kristen Foley, Wyat Appel, and Shawn Roselle . Lightning and Severe Weather: A Comparison between Total and Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Trends Authors: Christopher J Schultz, Walter A. Petersen, and Lawrence D. Carey Published: Spring 2011 Introduction In US, 42 fatalities per year; 10 times as many injuries from strikes. Of all deaths, about 15 % occur in organized sports; 25-30 % in recreational activities. Areas of greatest incidence in US. Gulf states, Ohio River Valley, front range of Rocky Mountains, and parts of Southwest.