Guilford County SciVis V10202 For educational use only Images are not cleared Instructions Students fill in the blanks in this presentation from the teachers presentation Xray Crystallography ID: 606558
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Slide1
Technological Advancements in SciVis
Guilford County SciVisV102.02
For educational use only: Images are not clearedSlide2
Instructions:
Students: fill in the blanks in this presentation from the teacher’s presentationSlide3
X-ray Crystallography
When X-rays are beamed at a crystal, electrons diffract (bend) the X-rays, which causes a diffraction pattern. These patterns convert into visual maps.
This process allows scientists to perceive molecules in
3D.
This is a process used to help discover the structure of
DNA.Slide4
X-ray Crystallography
(show movie clip)Slide5
DNA Fingerprinting
DNA Fingerprinting is a method of identification that compares fragments of DNA.
DNA is the
genetic
material found within the cell nucleus.
With the exception of identical
twins
, the complete DNA of each individual is unique.Slide6
A DNA fingerprint is constructed by first obtaining a DNA
sample from body tissue or fluid. The sample is then cut into pieces
using enzymes, and the segments are arranged by size using a process called gel electrophoresis.
DNA Fingerprinting StepsSlide7
The
segments are marked with probes and exposed on X-ray film, where they form a characteristic pattern of black bars — the DNA fingerprint. If the DNA fingerprints produced from two different samples match, the two samples probably came from the same person
.
DNA FingerprintingSlide8
DNA Fingerprinting
DNA fingerprinting technology has helped scientists to discover the genetic causes of many disease processes. Mapping the entire Human Genome (all of our DNA) has been
one of the most massive scientific endeavors of all time. The complete human genome was
completed in 2003.
DNA fingerprinting helped advance
forensic science and paternity testing.Slide9
Microscopy (microscopes)
Light Microscopes use light and lenses to magnify small transparent objects.
The
Electron
Microscope was developed due to the limitations of Light Microscopes. Light Microscopes are limited by the physics of light to magnify 1,000 times while Electron Microscopes can magnify up to 1,000,000 times.Slide10
Microscopes
(show movie clip)Slide11
Telescopes
Refracting and reflecting light telescopes collect light to view distant images.
Radio
telescopes collect radio waves to understand materials in space.
Orbiting
telescopes eliminate problems associated with looking through the atmosphere
. Slide12
Telescopes
(show movie clip)Slide13
Computers
Computers allow for the manipulation of large amounts of data.
Computers help
automate
machinery, tools, and processes.
The Internet allows for
rapid
and widespread movement of data.Slide14
Medical imaging
X-rays are short wavelengths that penetrate tissue producing negative images of bones.
MRI
(Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is an imaging technique that uses magnets in medical settings to produce computer-enhanced images of the soft tissue inside of the human body. Slide15
Medical imaging
3D Sonograms of a 61/2 month fetus in the whom of a mother.Slide16
Remote Sensing
GPS (Global Positioning System) is a system able to show an exact position on the earth anytime, anywhere outside, and in any weather. The satellites transmit timed signals that can be detected by anyone with a GPS receiver.
Radar
and Sonar use electromagnetic waves to determine location, position, and movement of objects.
Slide17
Radar and Sonar
(show movie clip)Slide18
Radar and Sonar
(show movie clip)Slide19
Remote Sensing
Satellites serve a variety of purposes from transmission of television signals to guidance and tracking systems for defense. For meteorologists, satellites provide a comprehensive view of the world's weather by observing weather and the environment on a scale not possible by other means.Slide20
Remote Sensing: Mars
(show movie clip)Slide21
Virtual Reality
Virtual reality is computer generated three-dimensional images that allow the user to interact with a virtual world (computer gaming).
Simulations
mimic real world activities that may be dangerous or impossible to perform by a human (e.g. flight simulators).Slide22
Simulations
(show movie clip)Slide23
Holograms
Holograms are three-dimensional images produced by multiple lasers.
Holograms are used on credit and bank cards for
theft
protectionSlide24
The End