Mr Lineburg IB World History Germany Democratic monarchy with authoritarian system Power held by the Kaiser and Chancellor Limited parliament Reichstag German y Socioeconomics ID: 697957
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Slide1
The Great European Powers
Mr. Lineburg
IB World History Slide2Slide3
Germany
Democratic monarchy with authoritarian system
Power held by the Kaiser and Chancellor
Limited parliament (Reichstag)Slide4
German
y:
Socio-economics
By 1900, the strongest industrial power in EuropeRapid industrialization produced large working class and growing middle-class
Tension between these groups and with authoritarian governmentSlide5
Germany
: Prussian
Landowners
Politically dominantPromoted militarism and allegiance to the KaiserAgainst reforms designed to move towards liberal democracy Slide6
Germany
:
Expansion
Population growth & pressure to secure raw materialsCongress of Berlin (1884) cooperated in Africa carve up
Dilemma: Germany wanted colonies -> World already divided up
Cooperate with Britain? Slide7
France
Democratic republic/civil liberties
Agriculture based economy, yet wealthyLarge empire; gold reserves; overseas investment Slide8
France: Politics
'Pacifist' left-wing
'Revanchist' right-wingShort-lived governments: effected foreign-policy
Sought alliance with Russia to contain GermanySlide9
Britain
Parliamentary – democracy w/monarchy (limited powers)
First power to undergo Industrial RevolutionVast overseas empire/largest trader of 19th centurySlide10
Britain - Economic Decline
Losing economic power and trade dominance
Overtaken by the US and Germany by 1900Democracy kept working class discontent at bay Slide11
Britain - Foreign Policy
19th century – "splendid isolation"
By 1900, needed allies for a long-term survivalSlide12
Britain - Military
Powerful Navy -> used for defense of nation and sea-based trade
Resources over stretchedNeeded to maintain naval dominance to maintain balance of power in EuropeSlide13
Austria – Hungary
Dual monarchy/Two Parliaments/Emperor
Very bureaucratic/inefficientLand-based/slow economic growth Slide14
Austria – Hungary: National Rivalries
Dual monarchy leads to infighting
Nationalism leads to ideas of independence from smaller states
Demise of the Ottoman Empire strengthens cause of the SlavsSlide15
Austria – Hungary: National Rivalries
The Slavs strived for independence from the Ottomans
Sought reunification with "brothers" in other empiresSlide16
Austria – Hungary: Policies
Policy of containment in the Balkans
Wanted to fill power vacuum left by the Ottoman decline Slide17
Austria – Hungary: Major Concerns
A multi national European empire in age of naturalism
Lack of economic/political/social cohesion
BIGGEST Concern: The hostility and aggression of Serbia – Serbs backed by RussiaSlide18
Russia
Autocratic Divine monarchy
Czar Nicholas IIBureaucratic/ineffective
Rapid industrialization/peasant classSlide19
Russia: 1905 Revolution
Discontent among growing middle-class and urban workers
Revolution after defeat by JapanLimited democracy introduced
No improvement in working conditions Slide20
Russia: A Nation in Flux
Weak military
Strength lay in huge population resourceEncouraged Slav nationalism Yet wanted to help Ottomans...
...For fear of Austria-Hungary expansion Slide21
Turkey
The "sick man" Of Europe – Ottomans in decline
Corrupt/ineffective regimeNationalist/Islamic revolts uncontained Slide22
Turkey: Near Collapse
Exploited by Europe
Foreign debt/political discontentTurk/Slav division
Muslim resentment Slide23
Turkey: The End is Near
Sultan overthrown in 1909 by the "Young Turks"
Sought modernizationThe "Eastern question" Slide24
In-Class Group Activity
Organize into Groups of 3 or 4
Turn to page 10 in CPEWAll members recreate the spreadsheet as shown, obviously larger to hold information
Split up the work by specific country or characteristicsUsing your notes and text, fill out your section of the table.
Share out to fill the table