Unit Five: Chapter 23 - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Unit Five: Chapter 23

•

ameliorate

•

negate

•

assent

•

potent

•

haphazard

•

rigorous

•

incontrovertible

•

spurious

•

intangible

•

therapeuticSlide2

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

–

verb

• The precinct Outreach Committee was established to ameliorate troublesome police-community relations. • Strained communication between parents and kids can often be ameliorated by just a few meetings with a family therapist.

Ameliorate meansA. to improve. B. to make worse. C. to end.

1 ameliorate

Photo:

Environmental Protection AgencySlide3

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

–

verb

• The precinct Outreach Committee was established to ameliorate troublesome police-community relations. • Strained communication between parents and kids can often be ameliorated by just a few meetings with a family therapist.

Ameliorate meansA. to improve. B. to make worse. C. to end.

1 ameliorate

Photo:

Environmental Protection Agency

The police precinct would want

to improve

troublesome relations with the community. A family therapist’s goal is

to

improve

strained communication among family members.Slide4

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

2

assent– verb• A doctor wrote a book advising parents to let their kids live on candy if that’s what the kids wanted. Most parents would not assent to this proposal, though.

• When a motion is voted on in a formal meeting, the “ayes,” or “yes” votes, are those who assent. The “nays,” or “no” votes, are those who disagree. Assent meansA. to express agreement. B. to have a different opinion.

C. not to care.

Photo:

U.S. Navy – Erica R. GardnerSlide5

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

2

assent– verb• A doctor wrote a book advising parents to let their kids live on candy if that’s what the kids wanted. Most parents would not assent to this proposal, though.

• When a motion is voted on in a formal meeting, the “ayes,” or “yes” votes, are those who assent. The “nays,” or “no” votes, are those who disagree. Assent meansA. to express agreement. B. to

have a different opinion.C. not to care.

Photo:

U.S. Navy –

Erica R. Gardner

Most parents would not

express agreement

with advice to let their children live on candy alone. Saying “yes” is one way

to express

agreement

. Slide6

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

3

haphazard

– adjective• I never make a shopping list; I just wander through the grocery store, picking up items in a haphazard manner. •

Dan did a haphazard job of proofreading his term paper. Consequently, he caught some errors but missed many others. Haphazard meansA. happy. B. carefully planned.

C. unplanned. Slide7

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

3

haphazard

– adjective• I never make a shopping list; I just wander through the grocery store, picking up items in a haphazard manner. •

Dan did a haphazard job of proofreading his term paper. Consequently, he caught some errors but missed many others. Haphazard meansA. happy. B. carefully planned.

C. unplanned.

Preparing a shopping list ahead of time is contrasted with wandering through a store in an

unplanned

manner. If Dan caught errors only randomly, then he probably proofread his paper in an

unplanned

, hit-and-miss fashion. Slide8

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

4

incontrovertible– adjective• It’s incontrovertible that Jeffrey is Paul’s son; he looks exactly like his dad. •

Even in mathematics, there is not always one incontrovertible answer to a problem—sometimes two or more answers can be defended. Incontrovertible meansA. unknown. B. mistaken.

C. unquestionable. Slide9

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

4

incontrovertible– adjective• It’s incontrovertible that Jeffrey is Paul’s son; he looks exactly like his dad. •

Even in mathematics, there is not always one incontrovertible answer to a problem—sometimes two or more answers can be defended. Incontrovertible meansA. unknown. B. mistaken.

C. unquestionable.

In the first item, the speaker thinks the identity of the boy’s father is

unquestionable because the boy looks exactly like Paul. If more than one answer can be defended, then sometimes there isn’t a single, unquestionable

answer to a math problem. Slide10

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

5

intangible– adjective• Although Grandpa died with little money, he left us an intangible legacy: his strength, his warmth, and his honesty.

• As a child, I thought of Christmas in terms of the gifts I’d get. Now I focus on its intangible aspects—family closeness and sharing. Intangible meansA. not permanent. B. not

important. C. not touchable.Slide11

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

5

intangible– adjective• Although Grandpa died with little money, he left us an intangible legacy: his strength, his warmth, and his honesty.

• As a child, I thought of Christmas in terms of the gifts I’d get. Now I focus on its intangible aspects—family closeness and sharing. Intangible meansA. not permanent. B. not

important. C. not touchable.

Grandpa’s failure to leave his children hard cash is contrasted with his legacy of personality traits that are

not touchable

—his strength, warmth, and honesty. Material gifts that children receive at Christmas are contrasted with emotional aspects (family closeness and sharing) that are

not touchable

.Slide12

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

6

negate

– verb• The jury awarded a million dollars to the accident victim, but the judge later negated that award, reducing it to only a few thousand.

• The board of elections had to negate the results of the mayoral race when it was discovered that many voting machines weren’t working properly. Negate meansA. to make invalid. B. to demonstrate.

C. to confirm.

Photo:

U.S. Department of StateSlide13

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

6

negate

– verb• The jury awarded a million dollars to the accident victim, but the judge later negated that award, reducing it to only a few thousand.

• The board of elections had to negate the results of the mayoral race when it was discovered that many voting machines weren’t working properly. Negate meansA. to make invalid. B. to

demonstrate. C. to confirm.

A judge can override a jury’s decision and

make invalid

an excessively high award. Malfunctioning voting machines would be a good reason

to

make

election results

invalid

.

Photo:

U.S.

Department of StateSlide14

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

7

potent– adjective• A child can easily overdose on pills meant to reduce pain and fever—they are potent medicines that need to be given carefully and in the right dosage.

• Alcohol is potent stuff—just as with drugs, one can die from an overdose. Potent meansA. pure. B. strong. C.

expensive.

Photos: tums.comSlide15

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

7

potent– adjective• A child can easily overdose on pills meant to reduce pain and fever—they are potent medicines that need to be given carefully and in the right dosage.

• Alcohol is potent stuff—just as with drugs, one can die from an overdose. Potent meansA. pure. B. strong. C.

expensive.

Photos: tums.com

When

taken in excess, either medicine or alcohol is

strong

enough to cause a dangerous, or even deadly overdose

.Slide16

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

8

rigorous

– adjective• There are several hiking trails in this area, ranging from easy ones for beginners to rigorous ones for experts.•

Erin is going through rigorous fitness training to get ready to run a marathon next month. Rigorous meansA. easy. B. difficult. C.

unfair.

Photos: Haley Neal from USA (left);

U.S. Navy - Brien Aho (right)Slide17

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

8

rigorous

– adjective• There are several hiking trails in this area, ranging from easy ones for beginners to rigorous ones for experts.•

Erin is going through rigorous fitness training to get ready to run a marathon next month. Rigorous meansA. easy. B. difficult. C.

unfair.

Photos: Haley Neal from USA (left);

U.S. Navy - Brien Aho (right)

Easy beginners’ trails are contrasted with

difficult

trails for experts.

Difficult

fitness training programs can help athletes prepare to run marathons.Slide18

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

9

spurious– adjective• “I asked for real cream for my coffee,” said the customer in the restaurant, “not some spurious, tasteless chemical substitute.” •

When a supposed new work by Beethoven was discovered, music experts came from all over the world to decide if it was real or spurious. Spurious meansA. false. B. improved. C. l

eft over. Slide19

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

9

spurious– adjective• “I asked for real cream for my coffee,” said the customer in the restaurant, “not some spurious, tasteless chemical substitute.” •

When a supposed new work by Beethoven was discovered, music experts came from all over the world to decide if it was real or spurious. Spurious meansA. false. B. improved. C. l

eft over.

Real cream is contrasted with a

false substitute. Experts were asked to determine if the discovery was a real work by Beethoven or a

false

imitation. Slide20

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

10

therapeutic– adjective• Liza had always heard that the “milk” in milkweed gets rid of warts, so she wrote to the Board of Health about it. The reply stated: “Its therapeutic properties, if any, have not been proved.”

• Diego’s insurance company would not pay for his surgery. The company ruled that the operation was experimental and not yet shown to be therapeutic. Therapeutic meansA. dangerous. B. magical. C.

healing.

Photos: U.S. Navy - Christopher

L. Clark (left); National Library of

Medicine (right)Slide21

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the

boldfaced

word.

10

therapeutic– adjective• Liza had always heard that the “milk” in milkweed gets rid of warts, so she wrote to the Board of Health about it. The reply stated: “Its therapeutic properties, if any, have not been proved.”

• Diego’s insurance company would not pay for his surgery. The company ruled that the operation was experimental and not yet shown to be therapeutic. Therapeutic meansA. dangerous. B. magical. C.

healing.

Liza asked whether milkweed had the

healing effect of removing warts. A procedure is considered “experimental” until it’s proven to have healing

benefits.

Photos:

U.S. Navy

- Christopher

L. Clark

(left); National

Library of

Medicine (right)Slide22

SENTENCE CHECK 1

2.

Exercise not only has salutary° physical effects, improving your health and fitness, but it also has a(n) _________

advantage

: it raises your spirits.

1. “You did a really _________ job of mowing the lawn,” Mr. Dixon told his son. “Look—you left strips of tall grass all over the yard.”

Complete each item with the correct word from the box. A. ameliorate

B. assent C. haphazardD. incontrovertibleE. intangible

F. negate

G. potent

H. rigorous

I.

spurious

J.

therapeuticSlide23

SENTENCE CHECK 1

2.

Exercise not only has salutary° physical effects, improving your health and fitness, but it also has

an __________ advantage

: it raises your spirits.

1. “You did a really _________ job of mowing the lawn,” Mr. Dixon told his son. “Look—you left strips of tall grass all over the yard.”

Complete each item with the correct word from the box. A. ameliorate

B. assent C. haphazardD. incontrovertibleE. intangible

F. negate

G. potent

H. rigorous

I.

spurious

J.

therapeutic

His mowing was

careless

since he missed cutting parts of the yard.

A person’s spirits can

not

be

perceived by touch

.

haphazard

intangibleSlide24

SENTENCE CHECK 1

Complete each item with the correct word from the box.

4.

Sandra wasn’t sure she would make it through the

________ computer

programming class, but when it was over, she felt very proud of herself.

5. When he was caught with the stolen jewels, the thief made up a(n) ________ story about having found them in an alley. He insisted he had nothing to do with the heist°. 3. Good study skills are a(n) ________ tool for any student, so schools that create study skills courses have made a judicious° curriculum decision.

A. ameliorate B. assent C. haphazardD.

incontrovertibleE.

intangible

F. negate

G

.

potent

H

.

rigorous

I.

spurious

J.

therapeuticSlide25

SENTENCE CHECK 1

Complete each item with the correct word from the box.

4.

Sandra wasn’t sure she would make it through the

________ computer

programming class, but when it was over, she felt very proud of herself.

5. When he was caught with the stolen jewels, the thief made up a ________ story about having found them in an alley. He insisted he had nothing to do with the heist°. 3. Good study skills are a __________ tool for any student, so schools that create study skills courses have made a judicious° curriculum decision.

A. ameliorate B. assent C. haphazardD.

incontrovertibleE.

intangible

F. negate

G

.

potent

H

.

rigorous

I.

spurious

J.

therapeutic

It’s wise to teach study skills because they’re

powerful

tools for success.

The class must have been

challenging

if she wondered whether she’d pass.

Since he was caught with the jewels, his story was probably

fake

.

potent

rigorous

spuriousSlide26

SENTENCE CHECK 1

7

.

The evidence against the accused man is _____________. Even his lawyers admit that he’ll be indicted° and then found guilty.

6.

Jerry is diffident° and shy with women, so he was nervous about asking Zoe to go out with him. He wasn’t sure if she would __________ to the suggestion. Complete each item with the correct word from the box.

A. ameliorate B. assent C. haphazardD. incontrovertible

E. intangible

F.

negate G. potent

H

.

rigorous

I.

spurious

J.

therapeuticSlide27

SENTENCE CHECK 1

7

.

The evidence against the accused man is _____________. Even his lawyers admit that he’ll be indicted° and then found guilty.

6.

Jerry is diffident° and shy with women, so he was nervous about asking Zoe to go out with him. He wasn’t sure if she would __________ to the suggestion. Complete each item with the correct word from the box.

A. ameliorate B. assent C. haphazardD. incontrovertible

E. intangible

F.

negate G. potent

H

.

rigorous

I.

spurious

J.

therapeutic

He was nervous because he wasn’t sure she’d

agree

to go out with him.

If his lawyers expect him to be found guilty, then the evidence must be

undeniable

.

assent

incontrovertibleSlide28

SENTENCE CHECK 1

Complete each item with the correct word from the box.

9

.

“This procedure is diagnostic, not __________,” the doctor explained. “That is, it’s used just to find out what’s wrong with you, not to treat you.”

10. “Settlement houses” such as the famous Hull House in Chicago were established to _________ conditions in the slums by providing social services to indigent° residents. 8. “I said I’d let you have the car next weekend,” Tom’s mother said, “but I’ll _________

that agreement if your behavior doesn’t improve between now and then.” A. ameliorate B. assent C. haphazard

D. incontrovertible

E.

intangible

F.

negate

G

.

potent

H

.

rigorous

I.

spurious

J.

therapeuticSlide29

SENTENCE CHECK 1

Complete each item with the correct word from the box.

9

.

“This procedure is diagnostic, not __________,” the doctor explained. “That is, it’s used just to find out what’s wrong with you, not to treat you.”

10. “Settlement houses” such as the famous Hull House in Chicago were established to _________ conditions in the slums by providing social services to indigent° residents. 8. “I said I’d let you have the car next weekend,” Tom’s mother said, “but I’ll _________

that agreement if your behavior doesn’t improve between now and then.” A. ameliorate B. assent C. haphazard

D. incontrovertible

E.

intangible

F.

negate

G

.

potent

H

.

rigorous

I.

spurious

J.

therapeutic

She warns that she may

void

their previous agreement about the car.

A diagnostic procedure differs from

one

serving to treat, cure, or heal

.

Providing social services is one way to

make

slum conditions

better

.

negate

therapeutic

ameliorate