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articlesNATUREVOL42028NOVEMBER2002wwwnaturecomnature385 basalticmeltswillbesimilartothoseofthesourceregionThesedatashowthatforareassuchastheEastermicroplatewaterbehavesasotherincompatibleeleme. In 1812, Alfred Wegener presented his scientific theory called “Continental Drift”. It was based on his belief that the continents had drifted apart from one another.. Pangaea. Wegener ‘s hypothesis was that all the continents had once been joined together in a single landmass and have since drifted apart.. Chapter 14 Lesson 2. Mapping of the Ocean Floor. WWII played an important role in mapping of the ocean floor- Why?. They were able to observe and determine the depth of the ocean floor and the features of the ocean floor.. Explain the “mantle convection hypothesis”.. Compare and contrast ridge push and slab pull.. 8.3 Causes of Plate Movement. Introduction. 3 major hypotheses describe how tectonic plates move. Mantle convection. Check your notes for . key ideas!. 1. Mid-Ocean Ridges.  . . An . underwater mountain . range stretching all over Earth.. . Scientists . used sonar to map the ocean . floor. Mapping the mid-ocean ridge made scientists more curious about what is happening . Floor . --subsurface topography--. Ch. 13, section 2. (before the 1900’s scientists thought the ocean floor was completely flat). Sonar. (sound navigation and ranging). --invented during WWI--. to find depth: use the formula: . Video on Earth 1 million years from now. Theory of Continental Drift. Alfred Wegener . wrote . about his hypothesis of . continental . drift . in the 1900s. .. Continental drift.  is the hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations. . Beloussov. (1907-1990). Famous opponent of plate tectonics. Structural Geologist and Geodynamicist. Director of Geodynamics . Dept. , . Inst. of the Physics of the Earth. Member of Soviet Academy of Sciences (appointed 1953). Plate Tectonics. Became a theory in the 1960’s. Describes plate movements AND explains why they move. Plate Tectonics. Two types of crust: Oceanic and Continental. Plates are usually made of both. S6E5. . Students will investigate the scientific view of how the earth’s surface is formed.. c. Classify rocks by their process of formation. . . A scientist categorized a rock as an extrusive igneous rock. Another scientist could accurately categorize the same rock . 1. . Continental . Shelf. – 0-200 meters deep. . Contains 8% of the oceans surface area. Biologically richest part of the ocean. Contain . submarine canyons. – canyons eroded by glaciers which channel sediments to the ocean floor. Plate tectonic cycle . Plate tectonics -. What is plate tectonics?. Concept that features of the earth and earth phenomena (earthquakes, volcanoes) are caused by motion of plates of rigid lithosphere moving on a plastic asthenosphere. Objective & . Essential Question. LO: . I can describe oceanic landforms. . (5.E.3A.2). EQ: . What are the characteristics of continental and oceanic landforms?. Under the Sea. Ocean basin is the . Section 4. Standard . S 6.1 Students know evidence from plate tectonics is derived from the fit of the continents and mid ocean ridges. . Vocabulary. Mid-ocean ridges. Sonar. Sea floor spreading. Deep ocean trench. Sea Floor Spreading. A.  process in . which.  new ocean floor is created as molten material from the earth's mantle rises in . margins between.  plates or ridges and spreads .