1 December 09, 2015 How to harness the NIS to

Transcript:1 December 09, 2015 How to harness the NIS to:
1 December 09, 2015 How to harness the NIS to enable Technology Transfer and strengthening the Innovation capability in Tunisia. Prepared by Mondher Khanfir A.1.1 Review of the National Innovation System in Tunisia Tunisia National Stakeholders Workshop Agenda NIS mapping & performance assesment Innovation and Technology Transfer Technology Transfer & competitiveness Industrial and commercial competitiveness needs from R&D Through Value Chain Analysis Prospectives on RBSO The IP protection management process IPT case Gaps in Commercialization of research outcomes How to boost NIS performance in Tunisia? 2 What is Innovation (1/2) ? The process of translating an idea or invention into a good or service that creates value or for which customers will pay. To be called an innovation, an idea must be replicable at an economical cost and must satisfy a specific need. Innovation involves deliberate application of information, imagination and initiative in deriving greater or different values from resources, and includes all processes by which new ideas are generated and converted into useful products. What is Innovation (2/2) ? The Oslo manual (OECD, 1997) concentrates especially on technological innovation of products (and services) and processes (technological product and process - TPP - innovation). ”TPP innovation comprises implemented technologically new products and processes and significant technological improvements in products and processes. A TPP innovation has been implemented if it has been introduced on the market (product innovation) or used within a production process (process innovation). TPP innovation involves a series of scientific, technological, organizational, financial and commercial activities“. 3 types of Innovation Efficiency innovations, which produce the same product more cheaply, such as automating credit checks Sustaining innovations, wich turn good products into better ones, such as the hybrid car, Disruptive innovations, which transform expensive complex products into affordable, simple ones, such as the shift from the mainframe to personal computers. NIS definitions…. • “ ..the network of institutions in the public and private sectors whose activities and interactions initiate, import, modify and diffuse new technologies.” (Freeman, 1987) • “ .. the elements and relationships which interact in the production, diffusion and use of new, and economically useful, knowledge ... And are either located within or rooted inside the borders of a nation state.” (Lundvall, 1992) • “... a set of institutions whose interactions determine the innovative performance ... of national firms.” (Nelson, 1993) • “ .. the national institutions, their incentive structures and their competencies, that determine the rate