Advanced Safety Engineering IE 485 CH 1:

Transcript:Advanced Safety Engineering IE 485 CH 1::
Advanced Safety Engineering IE 485 CH 1: Introduction Instructor: Faisal Alessa, PhD WHY DO WE NEED SAFETY ENGINEERING? 1. Hazards are every where! Natural disasters Man-made disasters Examples: An accident at a plant in Bhopal, India, in 1984, killed over 2500 people. In 2011, a Chinese high-speed train collided into another killing 38 people. In the Gulf of Mexico, worst oil spill in history, the company put aside $41 billion in 2010 to pay for damages. An earthquake caused tsunami in 2011 triggered fires and explosions at a commercial nuclear power plant in Japan, resulting in three of the six reactors melting down and over 100,000 residents permanently evacuated WHY DO WE NEED SAFETY ENGINEERING? Examples: In 1995, the Air Route Traffic Control Center, Fremont, California, lost power, causing radar screens covering Northern California, Western Nevada, and 18 million square miles of Pacific Ocean to go dark for 34 min while 70 planes were in the air, almost resulting in two separate midair collisions. A worker in downtown Chicago cut into a cable and brought down the entire Air Route Traffic Control System for thousands of square miles. WHY DO WE NEED SAFETY ENGINEERING? WHY DO WE NEED SAFETY ENGINEERING? WHY DO WE NEED SAFETY ENGINEERING? 2. Quickly advancing and changing technology New machines and processes need different regulations and considerations Business competition (less time for safety measures and testing) How do we build products with high quality, cheaply, quickly, and still safely? Forethought – In advance Systematic engineering analysis Methodical approach to managing risk Government and industry collaboration BRIEF HISTORY OF SAFETY 1877, Massachusetts passed a law to safeguard machinery. 1911, The American Society of Safety Engineers. 1913, The National Safety Council. 1930, the beginning of the implementation of accident prevention programs across the US. The system safety concept and profession started during the American military missile and nuclear programs in the 1950s and 1960s. in April 1962, “System Safety Engineering: Military Specification for the Development of Air Force Ballistic Missiles” was published. WHAT IS SAFETY ANALYSIS? Safety analysis: identification of dangerous aspects of the system, and correction of them System safety engineering is a compilation of engineering analyses and management practices that control dangerous situations, specifically: Identify the hazards in a system Determine the underlying causes of those hazards Develop engineering or management controls (to eliminate hazards or mitigate consequences) Verify that the controls are adequate and in