Challenges of exporting honey from Myanmar
Description: Challenges of exporting honey from Myanmar Presented By U Myint Than Apiculture Resources and Business Center Plan Bee Presentation is divided in four sections; 1. A brief background of beekeeping in Myanmar 2. Analysis of honey market in
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slide1. Challenges of exporting honey from Myanmar Presented
By
U Myint Than
Apiculture Resources and Business Center
Plan Bee<br>
slide2. Presentation is divided in four sections; 1. A brief background of beekeeping in Myanmar 2. Analysis of honey market in the world 3. The challenges in accessing the developed markets in the world 4. How we may need to prepare for the challenges and turn it to opportunities<br>
slide3. Background
Modern beekeeping was introduced in Myanmar (then Burma) under the British colonial rule around the 1920s. The British brought the apis mellifera bee species from UK.
In the early 1980s – with the help of FAO and United States –The world known bee scientist, the late, Dr. Roger Morse of Cornell University together with Dr. Zamarlicki of USA started the beekeeping project in Myanmar. Mr. Shaike Stern from Israel was also sent to Myanmar to support the trainings in the 1980s. The project trained dozens of government employees and fresh university graduates in modern beekeeping. Myanmar government sent newly trained beekeepers to United States, United Kingdom, Australia and Israel for further trainings. European bees are started introduced in Myanmar by then.
2012, Tag International Development together with Mashav, Israel international cooperation agency, contacted Myanmar government and explained their intention to train the rural population in modern techniques of beekeeping for the increase of household incomes in the target area and to create new livelihood. Mr. Shaike Stern came to Myanmar again as an expert in the Plan Bee project.
The government agreed the project and Livelihood and Food Security Fund (LIFT) agreed to fund it. Then, Tag together with Apiculture, Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department as associate partners and local NGOs Parami Development Network (PDN) and Danu Literature, Culture and Regional Development Associations as implementation partners started the Plan Bee project in early 2013 till now.<br>
slide4. Present status of beekeeping and honey production in Myanmar
Myanmar has 893 registered commercial beekeepers and is producing about 4500 metric tons of honey a year. Out of the total produced quantity, about 3500 metric tons, are exported only in the region due to the economic sanctions imposed on the country.
Many apiculture and environment experts visiting the country confirmed that they saw a good potential for increasing the present status of beekeeping. People are increasing their capacity for beekeeping so as to increase the number of colonies they are keeping.
With the present situation and trend, the production of Myanmar honey would be doubled within a decade. Myanmar beekeepers are looking forward to exporting to the world market.<br>
slide8. Product Description
Specific definition of the product: According to the Codex Alimentarius (CA) from World Health Organization, honey is defined as “the natural sweet substance, produced by honey bees from the nectar of plants or from secretions of living parts of plants or excretions of plant sucking insects on the living parts, which the bee collect, transform by combining with specific substances of their own, deposit, hydrate, store and leave in the honey combs to ripen and mature.”
Blossom Honey or Nectar Honey; the honey which bees create from the nectars of the plants.
Honeydew Honey; the honey which bees create mainly from sap secreted by insects (Hemiptera) from the living parts of the plants or secretions of living parts of the plants.
HS Code of natural honey: 040900<br>
slide9. Trend in worldwide honey production<br>
slide10. Trends in beehives number across continents<br>
slide11. World Top Honey Importers EU(28) was the number one honey importer in 2014. They imported almost a quarter of the available honey, with estimated value of 1.12 billion dollars. United States was the world’s second largest honey importer, importing 16% of the market share at an estimated value of 518 million dollars. The France was third, United Kingdom was fourth, and Japan was the fifth. Below is a list of the top ten countries importing honey in the world.
(Source: International Trade Centre, www.trademap.org) Unit: US$ 1000<br>
slide12. World Top Honey Exporters (Source: International Trade Centre, www.trademap.org) US$ 1000<br>
slide13. Market access requirements in EU
The right to become an exporter of animal origin products to EU When exporting the honey to Europe, producers must comply with legally binding requirements. All European food legislation is based on the principles of traceability, risk analysis and precautionary measures. EU legislation prohibits the import of honey from countries outside the ‘third country list’.
Since most honey is used as food, EU legislation on food applies to all honey imported into the EU. The basis for food legislation is laid down in the EU General Food Law (Regulation (EC) 178/2002), which also defines responsibilities and requirements for food business operators supplying food to the EU.
Business operators such as honey processors are required by law to comply with the EU legislation on hygiene of foodstuffs (Regulation (EC) 852/2004). The General Hygiene legislation requires a clean production environment and personnel trained in the hygienic handling of honey.
EU legislation requires that products with food safety problems should be taken off the market and consumers should be informed.<br>
slide14. Market access requirements (cont.)
The General Food Law requires EU food business operators, such as honey importers, to be able to identify each supplier of every batch of honey.
Directive (EC) 110/2001 sets European requirements concerning honey quality standards and labelling.
Regulation (EC) 470/2009, in conjunction with the annexes of Regulation (EC) 2377/90, establishes maximum residue levels (MRLs) for the use of authorized veterinary drugs, such as antibiotics, applied to honey bees.
The use of certain pesticides in agriculture is leading to massive decline in bee colonies, also known as Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD).
The EU has established strict guidelines concerning foods containing GMOs. A ruling issued by the European Court of Justice in September 2011 stipulated that honey with traces of pollen from genetically modified crops needed special authorization and labeling, before it could be sold in Europe.<br>
slide15. ‘
According to REGULATION (EC) No 178/2002 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL
Food’ shall not include:
(1) feed;
(2) live animals unless they are prepared for placing on the market for human consumption;
(3) plants prior to harvesting;
(4) medicinal products within the meaning of Council Directives 65/65/EEC (1) and 92/73/EEC (2);
(5) cosmetics within the meaning of Council Directive 76/768/EEC (3);
(6) tobacco and tobacco products within the meaning of Council Directive 89/622/EEC (4);
(7) narcotic or psychotropic substances within the meaning of the United Nations Single Convention on
Narcotic Drugs,1961, and the United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1971;
(8) residues and contaminants.<br>
slide16. REGULATION (EC) No 852/2004 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL lays down general rules for food importers and business operators on the hygiene of foodstuffs, taking particular account of the following principles:
(a) primary responsibility for food safety rests with the food business operator;
(b) it is necessary to ensure food safety throughout the food chain, starting with primary production;
(c) it is important, for food that cannot be stored safely at ambient temperatures, particularly frozen food,
to maintain the cold chain;
(d) general implementation of procedures based on the HACCP principles, together with the application
of good hygiene practice, should reinforce food business operators’ responsibility;
(e) guides to good practice are a valuable instrument to aid food business operators at all levels of the
food chain with compliance with food hygiene rules and with the application of the HACCP principles;
(f) it is necessary to establish microbiological criteria and temperature control requirements based on a
scientific risk assessment;
(g) it is necessary to ensure that imported foods are of at least the same hygiene standard as food
produced in the Community, or are of an equivalent standard.<br>
slide17. Good Beekeeping Practice Who is concerned?
The large majority of beekeepers who are regarded as primary
producers.
What is concerned?
Work at the apiary,
Harvesting, transport, and packaging of Honey
Direct selling of honey, storage.<br>
slide18. Codex General Principles of Food Hygiene Code adopted in 1969, revised in 1979, 1985, and 1997
Definitions:
Food hygiene - all conditions and measures necessary to ensure the safety and suitability of food at all stages of the food chain
HACCP - a system which identifies, evaluates and controls hazards which are significant for food safety<br>
slide19. Good Manufacturing Practice (in Processing of Bee Products) Design, construction and maintenance of buildings, facility and equipment.
Purpose and scope
Sources of hazards
Mandatory requirements
Procedures
Records
Potable water
Cleaning and sanitation
Personal competency, health and hygiene
Control of chemicals
Pest control
Packaging materials (specification, storage and handling)<br>
slide20. Good Manufacturing Practice (in Processing of Bee Products) ----- cont. Receipt and processing of honey and dried pollen
Procedures for the receipt of honey, pollen and other bee products
Procedures for the processing of honey
Procedures for the processing of pollen
Traceability and inventory control
Monitoring
Records
Document control and record keeping
Recall
Operator verification and other operational requirements<br>
slide21. Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP)
List hazards associated with each process step (Principle #1)
Apply HACCP decision tree to determine CCP’s (Principle #2)
Establish critical limits (Principle #3)
Establish monitoring procedures (Principle #4)
Establish deviation procedures (Principle #5)
Establish verification procedures (Principle #6)
Establish record keeping/documentation for principles 1 - 6 (Principle #7)<br>
slide22. GHP and HACCP<br>
slide23. Market access requirements in USA
Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002
(The Bioterrorism Act of 2002) became effective on December 12, 2003
FDA Requirements
An importer of honey need to register at US FDA
The Processing plant which the importer used need to register at US FDA<br>
slide24. At the Apiary
Name, ID card of beekeeper
Contract of honey delivery with collector or exporter
Registration number of beekeepers with authorized office
Number of colony, quantity of honey output
List of employees
Training and Health certificates
Inspection records if any<br>
slide25. At the Apiary -- (cont.)
Beekeeping diary in previous months or year
Surround environment: Water, Air, cattle sheds…
Materials to make hive, extractor, smoker, container…and their clean situations. (Procedure of use, clean up and maintenance)
Procedure of extracting honey
Supplements: Ingredients and manufacturers
Method applying to treat bee disease and mites (Procedure of
storage at apiary)
Transport
Name of honey receiver and documents
GHP is recommended<br>
slide26. Processing plant
FDA Registration No.
Address of office and processing stations
Internal Rules
List of employees and assigning responsibilities
Their certificates of training and health
Procedures of receiving, sampling, testing, processing, hygiene, packing, delivery…
GHP, GPP, GMP are required
Documents on origins of raw honey, containers…<br>
slide27. Thank You for your attention<br>
By
U Myint Than
Apiculture Resources and Business Center
Plan Bee<br>
slide2. Presentation is divided in four sections; 1. A brief background of beekeeping in Myanmar 2. Analysis of honey market in the world 3. The challenges in accessing the developed markets in the world 4. How we may need to prepare for the challenges and turn it to opportunities<br>
slide3. Background
Modern beekeeping was introduced in Myanmar (then Burma) under the British colonial rule around the 1920s. The British brought the apis mellifera bee species from UK.
In the early 1980s – with the help of FAO and United States –The world known bee scientist, the late, Dr. Roger Morse of Cornell University together with Dr. Zamarlicki of USA started the beekeeping project in Myanmar. Mr. Shaike Stern from Israel was also sent to Myanmar to support the trainings in the 1980s. The project trained dozens of government employees and fresh university graduates in modern beekeeping. Myanmar government sent newly trained beekeepers to United States, United Kingdom, Australia and Israel for further trainings. European bees are started introduced in Myanmar by then.
2012, Tag International Development together with Mashav, Israel international cooperation agency, contacted Myanmar government and explained their intention to train the rural population in modern techniques of beekeeping for the increase of household incomes in the target area and to create new livelihood. Mr. Shaike Stern came to Myanmar again as an expert in the Plan Bee project.
The government agreed the project and Livelihood and Food Security Fund (LIFT) agreed to fund it. Then, Tag together with Apiculture, Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department as associate partners and local NGOs Parami Development Network (PDN) and Danu Literature, Culture and Regional Development Associations as implementation partners started the Plan Bee project in early 2013 till now.<br>
slide4. Present status of beekeeping and honey production in Myanmar
Myanmar has 893 registered commercial beekeepers and is producing about 4500 metric tons of honey a year. Out of the total produced quantity, about 3500 metric tons, are exported only in the region due to the economic sanctions imposed on the country.
Many apiculture and environment experts visiting the country confirmed that they saw a good potential for increasing the present status of beekeeping. People are increasing their capacity for beekeeping so as to increase the number of colonies they are keeping.
With the present situation and trend, the production of Myanmar honey would be doubled within a decade. Myanmar beekeepers are looking forward to exporting to the world market.<br>
slide8. Product Description
Specific definition of the product: According to the Codex Alimentarius (CA) from World Health Organization, honey is defined as “the natural sweet substance, produced by honey bees from the nectar of plants or from secretions of living parts of plants or excretions of plant sucking insects on the living parts, which the bee collect, transform by combining with specific substances of their own, deposit, hydrate, store and leave in the honey combs to ripen and mature.”
Blossom Honey or Nectar Honey; the honey which bees create from the nectars of the plants.
Honeydew Honey; the honey which bees create mainly from sap secreted by insects (Hemiptera) from the living parts of the plants or secretions of living parts of the plants.
HS Code of natural honey: 040900<br>
slide9. Trend in worldwide honey production<br>
slide10. Trends in beehives number across continents<br>
slide11. World Top Honey Importers EU(28) was the number one honey importer in 2014. They imported almost a quarter of the available honey, with estimated value of 1.12 billion dollars. United States was the world’s second largest honey importer, importing 16% of the market share at an estimated value of 518 million dollars. The France was third, United Kingdom was fourth, and Japan was the fifth. Below is a list of the top ten countries importing honey in the world.
(Source: International Trade Centre, www.trademap.org) Unit: US$ 1000<br>
slide12. World Top Honey Exporters (Source: International Trade Centre, www.trademap.org) US$ 1000<br>
slide13. Market access requirements in EU
The right to become an exporter of animal origin products to EU When exporting the honey to Europe, producers must comply with legally binding requirements. All European food legislation is based on the principles of traceability, risk analysis and precautionary measures. EU legislation prohibits the import of honey from countries outside the ‘third country list’.
Since most honey is used as food, EU legislation on food applies to all honey imported into the EU. The basis for food legislation is laid down in the EU General Food Law (Regulation (EC) 178/2002), which also defines responsibilities and requirements for food business operators supplying food to the EU.
Business operators such as honey processors are required by law to comply with the EU legislation on hygiene of foodstuffs (Regulation (EC) 852/2004). The General Hygiene legislation requires a clean production environment and personnel trained in the hygienic handling of honey.
EU legislation requires that products with food safety problems should be taken off the market and consumers should be informed.<br>
slide14. Market access requirements (cont.)
The General Food Law requires EU food business operators, such as honey importers, to be able to identify each supplier of every batch of honey.
Directive (EC) 110/2001 sets European requirements concerning honey quality standards and labelling.
Regulation (EC) 470/2009, in conjunction with the annexes of Regulation (EC) 2377/90, establishes maximum residue levels (MRLs) for the use of authorized veterinary drugs, such as antibiotics, applied to honey bees.
The use of certain pesticides in agriculture is leading to massive decline in bee colonies, also known as Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD).
The EU has established strict guidelines concerning foods containing GMOs. A ruling issued by the European Court of Justice in September 2011 stipulated that honey with traces of pollen from genetically modified crops needed special authorization and labeling, before it could be sold in Europe.<br>
slide15. ‘
According to REGULATION (EC) No 178/2002 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL
Food’ shall not include:
(1) feed;
(2) live animals unless they are prepared for placing on the market for human consumption;
(3) plants prior to harvesting;
(4) medicinal products within the meaning of Council Directives 65/65/EEC (1) and 92/73/EEC (2);
(5) cosmetics within the meaning of Council Directive 76/768/EEC (3);
(6) tobacco and tobacco products within the meaning of Council Directive 89/622/EEC (4);
(7) narcotic or psychotropic substances within the meaning of the United Nations Single Convention on
Narcotic Drugs,1961, and the United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1971;
(8) residues and contaminants.<br>
slide16. REGULATION (EC) No 852/2004 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL lays down general rules for food importers and business operators on the hygiene of foodstuffs, taking particular account of the following principles:
(a) primary responsibility for food safety rests with the food business operator;
(b) it is necessary to ensure food safety throughout the food chain, starting with primary production;
(c) it is important, for food that cannot be stored safely at ambient temperatures, particularly frozen food,
to maintain the cold chain;
(d) general implementation of procedures based on the HACCP principles, together with the application
of good hygiene practice, should reinforce food business operators’ responsibility;
(e) guides to good practice are a valuable instrument to aid food business operators at all levels of the
food chain with compliance with food hygiene rules and with the application of the HACCP principles;
(f) it is necessary to establish microbiological criteria and temperature control requirements based on a
scientific risk assessment;
(g) it is necessary to ensure that imported foods are of at least the same hygiene standard as food
produced in the Community, or are of an equivalent standard.<br>
slide17. Good Beekeeping Practice Who is concerned?
The large majority of beekeepers who are regarded as primary
producers.
What is concerned?
Work at the apiary,
Harvesting, transport, and packaging of Honey
Direct selling of honey, storage.<br>
slide18. Codex General Principles of Food Hygiene Code adopted in 1969, revised in 1979, 1985, and 1997
Definitions:
Food hygiene - all conditions and measures necessary to ensure the safety and suitability of food at all stages of the food chain
HACCP - a system which identifies, evaluates and controls hazards which are significant for food safety<br>
slide19. Good Manufacturing Practice (in Processing of Bee Products) Design, construction and maintenance of buildings, facility and equipment.
Purpose and scope
Sources of hazards
Mandatory requirements
Procedures
Records
Potable water
Cleaning and sanitation
Personal competency, health and hygiene
Control of chemicals
Pest control
Packaging materials (specification, storage and handling)<br>
slide20. Good Manufacturing Practice (in Processing of Bee Products) ----- cont. Receipt and processing of honey and dried pollen
Procedures for the receipt of honey, pollen and other bee products
Procedures for the processing of honey
Procedures for the processing of pollen
Traceability and inventory control
Monitoring
Records
Document control and record keeping
Recall
Operator verification and other operational requirements<br>
slide21. Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP)
List hazards associated with each process step (Principle #1)
Apply HACCP decision tree to determine CCP’s (Principle #2)
Establish critical limits (Principle #3)
Establish monitoring procedures (Principle #4)
Establish deviation procedures (Principle #5)
Establish verification procedures (Principle #6)
Establish record keeping/documentation for principles 1 - 6 (Principle #7)<br>
slide22. GHP and HACCP<br>
slide23. Market access requirements in USA
Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002
(The Bioterrorism Act of 2002) became effective on December 12, 2003
FDA Requirements
An importer of honey need to register at US FDA
The Processing plant which the importer used need to register at US FDA<br>
slide24. At the Apiary
Name, ID card of beekeeper
Contract of honey delivery with collector or exporter
Registration number of beekeepers with authorized office
Number of colony, quantity of honey output
List of employees
Training and Health certificates
Inspection records if any<br>
slide25. At the Apiary -- (cont.)
Beekeeping diary in previous months or year
Surround environment: Water, Air, cattle sheds…
Materials to make hive, extractor, smoker, container…and their clean situations. (Procedure of use, clean up and maintenance)
Procedure of extracting honey
Supplements: Ingredients and manufacturers
Method applying to treat bee disease and mites (Procedure of
storage at apiary)
Transport
Name of honey receiver and documents
GHP is recommended<br>
slide26. Processing plant
FDA Registration No.
Address of office and processing stations
Internal Rules
List of employees and assigning responsibilities
Their certificates of training and health
Procedures of receiving, sampling, testing, processing, hygiene, packing, delivery…
GHP, GPP, GMP are required
Documents on origins of raw honey, containers…<br>
slide27. Thank You for your attention<br>