Comma Splices, Fragments, and Run-on Sentences 232
Description: Comma Splices, Fragments, and Run-on Sentences 232 Najd Starting a Sentence with Because You can start a sentence with because, as long as you make sure to fully complete the sentence. One clause beginning with the word because does not
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slide1. Comma Splices, Fragments, and Run-on Sentences 232 Najd<br>
slide2. Starting a Sentence with ‘Because’ You can start a sentence with because, as long as you make sure to fully complete the sentence. One clause beginning with the word because does not constitute a sentence.<br>
slide3. Starting a Sentence with ‘Because’ These are fragments:
X Because the newspapers reported it.
X Because the river ran dry.<br>
slide4. Starting a Sentence with ‘Because’ You can start a sentence with because if you follow it with a complete independent clause.<br>
slide5. Starting a Sentence with ‘Because’ These are complete sentences:
 Because the newspapers
reported it, the neighbors
believed it.
 Because the river ran dry, the dam
would no longer provide
electricity.<br>
slide6. Comma Splices Comma Splices
A comma splice is a type of run-on whereby two independent clauses—or complete sentences—are incorrectly joined by a comma.<br>
slide7. Comma Splices Example
Today I am tired, I will take a nap later.<br>
slide8. Comma Splices Grammatical Error: This comma splice has two independent clauses or complete sentences joined incorrectly by only a comma.<br>
slide9. Comma Splices Reasoning: The first part of the sentence ("Today I am tired") is an independent clause or complete sentence, and the second phrase ("I will take a nap later") is also an independent clause or complete sentence. The two sentences need to be joined by more than just a comma.<br>
slide10. Comma Splices There are three ways to correct a comma splice, and they are similar to the three ways of correcting a run-on.<br>
slide11. Comma Splices Corrected Example
1. Replace the comma with a period and make two different sentences. Today I am tired. I will take a nap later.<br>
slide12. Comma Splices 2. Join the two sentences correctly by adding a coordinate conjunction after the comma. Today I am tired, so I will take a nap later.<br>
slide13. Comma Splices 3. Join the two separate sentences correctly by inserting a semi colon (;). Today I am tired; I will take a nap later.<br>
slide14. Comma Splices Decide if the following sentences are comma splices or a complete sentences.<br>
slide15. Comma Splices 1.) John is always late for
work, nobody seems to
care.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide16. Comma Splices Comma splice<br>
slide17. Comma Splices 2.) Hot summer weather is nice, high temperatures are dangerous for certain people.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide18. Comma Splices Comma Splice<br>
slide19. Comma Splices 3.) Emily broke her ankle on the weekend; now she is in a great deal of pain.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide20. Comma Splices Complete sentence<br>
slide21. Comma Splices 4.) Driving the car is fast and comfortable, riding the bicycle is better for one's health.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide22. Comma Splices Comma Splice<br>
slide23. Comma Splices 5.) When a student likes his class, he is more likely to achieve good grades.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide24. Comma Splices Complete sentence<br>
slide25. Comma Splices 6.) James has an interview with the PBS, I might get a job as his assistant.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide26. Comma Splices Comma splice<br>
slide27. Comma Splices 7.) After I was paid last week, I was able to do the grocery shopping.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide28. Comma Splices Complete sentence<br>
slide29. Comma Splices 8.) Due to the fact that I am so busy this week, I don't have time for my animals.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide30. Comma Splices Complete sentence<br>
slide31. Comma Splices 9.) Whenever Janis does not sleep enough, she gets a horrible migraine.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide32. Comma Splices Complete sentence<br>
slide33. Comma Splices 10.) The air conditioner is too loud, Cleo can't sleep.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide34. Comma Splices Comma splice<br>
slide35. Fragments A fragment is an incomplete sentence. It is missing one or more of the following parts:
a subject
a verb
a coherent thought<br>
slide36. Fragments Example #1
Yesterday, while I was driving to work and saw a bird in the middle of the road out in the storm.<br>
slide37. Fragments Grammatical Error: This sentence fragment does not contain an independent clause because of the word "while." Therefore, it does not contain a complete thought even though there is a subject and a verb.<br>
slide38. Fragments Reasoning: This sentence fragment does not tell you what happened when you saw a bird sitting in the middle of the road out in the storm.<br>
slide39. Fragments Example #1 (corrected)
Yesterday, while I was driving to work and saw a sitting bird in the middle of the road out in the storm, I thought it must have wandered away from its nest.<br>
slide40. Fragments Example #2
When I went to the movies last week and I ran into a friend.<br>
slide41. Fragments Grammatical Error: This sentence fragment does not contain an independent clause because of the word "when." Therefore, it does not contain a complete thought even though there is a subject and a verb.<br>
slide42. Fragments Reasoning: This sentence fragment does not tell you what happened when you went to the movies last week and ran into a friend.<br>
slide43. Fragments Example 2 (corrected)
When I ran into a friend at the movies last week, I suggested we sit together.<br>
slide44. Fragments Select the choice that tells whether the clause is a fragment or a complete sentence.<br>
slide45. Fragments 1.) While I was driving to work and there was an accident on the road.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide46. Fragments Fragment<br>
slide47. Fragments 2.) When I took my exam today, I was very nervous.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide48. Fragments Complete Sentence<br>
slide49. Fragments 3.) Wherever I go, I take my cell phone with me.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide50. Fragments a.) Complete Sentence<br>
slide51. Fragments 4.) If I don't take my cell phone, and I need to make a call.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide52. Fragments b.) Fragment<br>
slide53. Fragments 5.) As soon as I finish this grammar exercise, I will eat lunch.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide54. Fragments 6.) Because I didn't have time to write my paper and the computer was broken anyway.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide55. Fragments b.) Fragment<br>
slide56. Fragments 7.) Before I go to the mall or maybe I will see a movie instead.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide57. Fragments b.) Fragment<br>
slide58. Fragments 8.) Whether I complete this course and get credit for it in the fall.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide59. Fragments b.) Fragment<br>
slide60. Fragments 9.) Until I can learn to manage my time better, I am afraid I will always be late.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide61. Fragments a.) Complete Sentence<br>
slide62. Fragments 10.) So that I don't spend too much time on any of my projects, I make sure I take frequent breaks.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide63. Fragments a.) Complete Sentence<br>
slide64. Run-on Sentences A run-on contains two independent clauses combined without proper punctuation (or two sentences in one).<br>
slide65. Run-on Sentences Example #1 (run-on)
Today I am tired I will take a nap later.<br>
slide66. Run-on Sentences Grammatical Error: This run-on has two separate independent clauses, or complete sentences, with no conjunction and no punctuation.<br>
slide67. Run-on Sentences Reasoning: The first part of the sentence "Today I am tired" is an independent clause or a complete sentence, and the second phrase "I will take a nap later" is also an independent clause or a complete sentence. Therefore, we have two sentences in one without proper punctuation to connect them.<br>
slide68. Run-on Sentences There are three ways to correct a run-on:<br>
slide69. Run-on Sentences 1. Separate the run-on by making two different sentences. Today I am tired. I will take a nap later.<br>
slide70. Run-on Sentences 2. Join the two sentences correctly by adding a comma and a coordinate conjunction. Today I am tired, so I will take a nap later.<br>
slide71. Run-on Sentences 3. Join the two sentences correctly by inserting a semi colon (;). Today I am tired; I will take a nap later.<br>
slide72. Run-on Sentences 1.) My academic advisor told me not to take 18 credit hours for the fall semester I'm regretting not having listened to her.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide73. Run-on Sentences a.) Run-on<br>
slide74. Run-on Sentences 2.) My cat was upset all day he didn't get canned food for breakfast.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide75. Run-on Sentences a.) Run-on<br>
slide76. Run-on Sentences 3.) Organizations that promise students a scholarship if they pay an extraordinarily high application fee are most likely scams.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide77. Run-on Sentences b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide78. Run-on Sentences 4.) Because Rose was late for the all-you-can-eat buffet, she had to order from the main menu.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide79. Run-on Sentences b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide80. Run-on Sentences 5.) The student fell asleep in class everyone thought this was rude behavior.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide81. Run-on Sentences a.) Run-on<br>
slide82. Run-on Sentences 6.) Although an immigration lawyer might help me to stay in this country, his fees are too expensive for me to afford.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide83. Run-on Sentences b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide84. Run-on Sentences 7.) I like the history class because the material is explained so well.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide85. Run-on Sentences b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide86. Run-on Sentences 8.) We followed the map we ended up in Canada instead.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide87. Run-on Sentences a.) Run-on<br>
slide88. Run-on Sentences 9.) Although the trip to Montreal was not very well planned, we had a great time.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide89. Run-on Sentences b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide90. Run-on Sentences 10.) I received an A on my Psychology test I am happy.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide91. Run-on Sentences a.) Run-on<br>
slide2. Starting a Sentence with ‘Because’ You can start a sentence with because, as long as you make sure to fully complete the sentence. One clause beginning with the word because does not constitute a sentence.<br>
slide3. Starting a Sentence with ‘Because’ These are fragments:
X Because the newspapers reported it.
X Because the river ran dry.<br>
slide4. Starting a Sentence with ‘Because’ You can start a sentence with because if you follow it with a complete independent clause.<br>
slide5. Starting a Sentence with ‘Because’ These are complete sentences:
 Because the newspapers
reported it, the neighbors
believed it.
 Because the river ran dry, the dam
would no longer provide
electricity.<br>
slide6. Comma Splices Comma Splices
A comma splice is a type of run-on whereby two independent clauses—or complete sentences—are incorrectly joined by a comma.<br>
slide7. Comma Splices Example
Today I am tired, I will take a nap later.<br>
slide8. Comma Splices Grammatical Error: This comma splice has two independent clauses or complete sentences joined incorrectly by only a comma.<br>
slide9. Comma Splices Reasoning: The first part of the sentence ("Today I am tired") is an independent clause or complete sentence, and the second phrase ("I will take a nap later") is also an independent clause or complete sentence. The two sentences need to be joined by more than just a comma.<br>
slide10. Comma Splices There are three ways to correct a comma splice, and they are similar to the three ways of correcting a run-on.<br>
slide11. Comma Splices Corrected Example
1. Replace the comma with a period and make two different sentences. Today I am tired. I will take a nap later.<br>
slide12. Comma Splices 2. Join the two sentences correctly by adding a coordinate conjunction after the comma. Today I am tired, so I will take a nap later.<br>
slide13. Comma Splices 3. Join the two separate sentences correctly by inserting a semi colon (;). Today I am tired; I will take a nap later.<br>
slide14. Comma Splices Decide if the following sentences are comma splices or a complete sentences.<br>
slide15. Comma Splices 1.) John is always late for
work, nobody seems to
care.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide16. Comma Splices Comma splice<br>
slide17. Comma Splices 2.) Hot summer weather is nice, high temperatures are dangerous for certain people.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide18. Comma Splices Comma Splice<br>
slide19. Comma Splices 3.) Emily broke her ankle on the weekend; now she is in a great deal of pain.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide20. Comma Splices Complete sentence<br>
slide21. Comma Splices 4.) Driving the car is fast and comfortable, riding the bicycle is better for one's health.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide22. Comma Splices Comma Splice<br>
slide23. Comma Splices 5.) When a student likes his class, he is more likely to achieve good grades.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide24. Comma Splices Complete sentence<br>
slide25. Comma Splices 6.) James has an interview with the PBS, I might get a job as his assistant.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide26. Comma Splices Comma splice<br>
slide27. Comma Splices 7.) After I was paid last week, I was able to do the grocery shopping.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide28. Comma Splices Complete sentence<br>
slide29. Comma Splices 8.) Due to the fact that I am so busy this week, I don't have time for my animals.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide30. Comma Splices Complete sentence<br>
slide31. Comma Splices 9.) Whenever Janis does not sleep enough, she gets a horrible migraine.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide32. Comma Splices Complete sentence<br>
slide33. Comma Splices 10.) The air conditioner is too loud, Cleo can't sleep.
a.) Comma splice
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide34. Comma Splices Comma splice<br>
slide35. Fragments A fragment is an incomplete sentence. It is missing one or more of the following parts:
a subject
a verb
a coherent thought<br>
slide36. Fragments Example #1
Yesterday, while I was driving to work and saw a bird in the middle of the road out in the storm.<br>
slide37. Fragments Grammatical Error: This sentence fragment does not contain an independent clause because of the word "while." Therefore, it does not contain a complete thought even though there is a subject and a verb.<br>
slide38. Fragments Reasoning: This sentence fragment does not tell you what happened when you saw a bird sitting in the middle of the road out in the storm.<br>
slide39. Fragments Example #1 (corrected)
Yesterday, while I was driving to work and saw a sitting bird in the middle of the road out in the storm, I thought it must have wandered away from its nest.<br>
slide40. Fragments Example #2
When I went to the movies last week and I ran into a friend.<br>
slide41. Fragments Grammatical Error: This sentence fragment does not contain an independent clause because of the word "when." Therefore, it does not contain a complete thought even though there is a subject and a verb.<br>
slide42. Fragments Reasoning: This sentence fragment does not tell you what happened when you went to the movies last week and ran into a friend.<br>
slide43. Fragments Example 2 (corrected)
When I ran into a friend at the movies last week, I suggested we sit together.<br>
slide44. Fragments Select the choice that tells whether the clause is a fragment or a complete sentence.<br>
slide45. Fragments 1.) While I was driving to work and there was an accident on the road.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide46. Fragments Fragment<br>
slide47. Fragments 2.) When I took my exam today, I was very nervous.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide48. Fragments Complete Sentence<br>
slide49. Fragments 3.) Wherever I go, I take my cell phone with me.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide50. Fragments a.) Complete Sentence<br>
slide51. Fragments 4.) If I don't take my cell phone, and I need to make a call.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide52. Fragments b.) Fragment<br>
slide53. Fragments 5.) As soon as I finish this grammar exercise, I will eat lunch.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide54. Fragments 6.) Because I didn't have time to write my paper and the computer was broken anyway.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide55. Fragments b.) Fragment<br>
slide56. Fragments 7.) Before I go to the mall or maybe I will see a movie instead.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide57. Fragments b.) Fragment<br>
slide58. Fragments 8.) Whether I complete this course and get credit for it in the fall.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide59. Fragments b.) Fragment<br>
slide60. Fragments 9.) Until I can learn to manage my time better, I am afraid I will always be late.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide61. Fragments a.) Complete Sentence<br>
slide62. Fragments 10.) So that I don't spend too much time on any of my projects, I make sure I take frequent breaks.
a.) Complete Sentence
b.) Fragment<br>
slide63. Fragments a.) Complete Sentence<br>
slide64. Run-on Sentences A run-on contains two independent clauses combined without proper punctuation (or two sentences in one).<br>
slide65. Run-on Sentences Example #1 (run-on)
Today I am tired I will take a nap later.<br>
slide66. Run-on Sentences Grammatical Error: This run-on has two separate independent clauses, or complete sentences, with no conjunction and no punctuation.<br>
slide67. Run-on Sentences Reasoning: The first part of the sentence "Today I am tired" is an independent clause or a complete sentence, and the second phrase "I will take a nap later" is also an independent clause or a complete sentence. Therefore, we have two sentences in one without proper punctuation to connect them.<br>
slide68. Run-on Sentences There are three ways to correct a run-on:<br>
slide69. Run-on Sentences 1. Separate the run-on by making two different sentences. Today I am tired. I will take a nap later.<br>
slide70. Run-on Sentences 2. Join the two sentences correctly by adding a comma and a coordinate conjunction. Today I am tired, so I will take a nap later.<br>
slide71. Run-on Sentences 3. Join the two sentences correctly by inserting a semi colon (;). Today I am tired; I will take a nap later.<br>
slide72. Run-on Sentences 1.) My academic advisor told me not to take 18 credit hours for the fall semester I'm regretting not having listened to her.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide73. Run-on Sentences a.) Run-on<br>
slide74. Run-on Sentences 2.) My cat was upset all day he didn't get canned food for breakfast.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide75. Run-on Sentences a.) Run-on<br>
slide76. Run-on Sentences 3.) Organizations that promise students a scholarship if they pay an extraordinarily high application fee are most likely scams.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide77. Run-on Sentences b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide78. Run-on Sentences 4.) Because Rose was late for the all-you-can-eat buffet, she had to order from the main menu.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide79. Run-on Sentences b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide80. Run-on Sentences 5.) The student fell asleep in class everyone thought this was rude behavior.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide81. Run-on Sentences a.) Run-on<br>
slide82. Run-on Sentences 6.) Although an immigration lawyer might help me to stay in this country, his fees are too expensive for me to afford.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide83. Run-on Sentences b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide84. Run-on Sentences 7.) I like the history class because the material is explained so well.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide85. Run-on Sentences b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide86. Run-on Sentences 8.) We followed the map we ended up in Canada instead.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide87. Run-on Sentences a.) Run-on<br>
slide88. Run-on Sentences 9.) Although the trip to Montreal was not very well planned, we had a great time.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide89. Run-on Sentences b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide90. Run-on Sentences 10.) I received an A on my Psychology test I am happy.
a.) Run-on
b.) Complete sentence<br>
slide91. Run-on Sentences a.) Run-on<br>