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Hospital Hospital:
It is a health care organisation that has a team
of well qualified trained staff and all technical
equipments that are required for the treatment
of specific disease in patient. 4<br>
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Hospital can be called a“City inside a city” that has all required facilities like building, equipments, team of qualified personals, fooding, laundry, transportation facility, communication facility, electric and water supply etc. That work in collaboration for treatment of patient. 5<br>
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Classification of Hospitals Hospitals can be classified on various basis
Clinical basis: on basis of therapy provided by Hospital
Maternity Hospitals
Surgical Hospitals
Medicinal Hospitals 6<br>
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2. On basis of ownership
Government Hospitals
Public health services (AIIMS, PGI)
Military Hospitals
b. Non government Hospitals
Private Hospitals
Charitable Hospitals 7<br>
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3. On the basis of system of medicine
a. Allopathic Hospitals
b. Ayurvedic Hospitals
c. Homeopathic Hospitals
d. Unani Hospitals
e. Rehabilitation centres
4. On basis of medical staff
Closed staff
Open staff 8<br>
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5. On basis of number of beds
Small Hospitals ( beds up to 100 )
Medium Hospitals ( beds 101 to 499 )
Large Hospitals ( beds above 500 )
6. On basis of teaching activities
Teaching Hospitals
Non teaching Hospitals
7. As per WHO
Regional Hospitals
District Hospitals
Rural Hospitals 9<br>
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8. On basis of cost
Elite Hospitals
Low budget Hospitals
9. On basis of level of Health care
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary 10<br>
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Functions of Hospital Functions of hospital can be bifurcated in two manners
Primary function (Curative function)
Secondary function ( Preventive, Research, Training) 11<br>
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Curative function It is the basic function of the hospital and is associated with providing care to patient.
It depicts any type of care that is provided to the patients by health care providers e.g. physicians, nurses, dieticians.
Also includes health education to patients 12<br>
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Preventive function It is popping up function of the hospital and concerned with health promotion
It is concerned with providing the preventive services through a community health centre
It has an active role to improve the health of the population 13<br>
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Research function It is a secondary function of hospital and is concerned with managing the health related researches that emphasis on the betterment of the health and/or prevention of diseases. 14<br>
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Training function It is a secondary function and is connected with providing training and educational courses for the professional and technical personnel who provides health services (e.g. physicians, nurses, dentists, therapist) 15<br>
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Organisation structure of Hospital 16<br>
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Importance of Organisation structure Facilitates the understanding of the hospital’s chain.
The complexity of organizational structure depends on size of healthcare facility.
hospitals with big acute facilities have complicated structures, on contrary the smaller institutions have a basic organizational structure.
Each hospital department performs specific functions, departments are generally grouped according to analogy of duties in order to promote efficiency of the healthcare facility. 17<br>
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Organisation categories of Hospital 18<br>
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Roles of Hospital Administration To supervise the the operation of departments
To control budgeting and finance
To design hospital policies and procedures.
To perform public relation duties
Members of administration include: Hospital President, Vice Presidents, Executive Assistants, Department Heads 19<br>
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Roles of Information services Admissions personnel-are usually the public’s first contact with in the hospital,check patients into hospital and obtain demographics of each patient
They assign patients their hospital room and their hospital identification number 20<br>
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2. Billing and Collection- concerned with billing patients for services used by them
3. Health Information Management - maintains copies of all patient records
4. Information Services-associated with computers and hospital network
5. Health Education-responsible for staff and patient health-related education
6. Human Resources-responsible for recruiting employees and making policies for their benifits 21<br>
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Roles of Therapeutic services 22<br>
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Roles of Diagnostic services To determine the cause(s) of illness or injury
It has different departments like
a. Medical Laboratory (MT) – it is concerned with studies related to body tissues, to determine abnormalities
b. Imaging studies- images of body parts to determine lesions and abnormalities. Includes Diagnostic Radiology, MRI, CT, Ultra Sound.
c. Emergency Medicine – to provide emergency diagnoses and treatment 23<br>
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Roles of Supportive services Provides support to entire hospital.
1. Central Supply-has responsibility of ordering, receiving, stocking and distributing all equipment and supplies used by healthcare facility, sterilizes instruments and supplies, cleans and maintains hospital linen and patient gowns.
2.Biomedical Technology-designs and build biomedical equipment (engineers) by diagnosing and repairing defective equipment (biomedical technicians) and also provides preventative maintenance to all hospital equipment. 24<br>
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3. Housekeeping and Maintenance- the department is responsible to maintain a safe clean environment by cleaners, electricians, carpenters, and gardeners. 25<br>
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References Dr Ramesh k Goyal et al a Text Book of Hospital Pharmacy, B.S. Shah Prakashan.
Dr. Ramesh K. Goyal; Dr. R.K.Parikh, Dr. Mayur M. Patel; Merchant & Goyal’s; A Textbook of Hospital Pharmacy; Edition- 13th.
http://www.srmuniv.ac.in/sites/default/files/files/Hospital.pdf 26<br>
