GayatrI Chakravorty SpIvak The Politics of

Transcript:GayatrI Chakravorty SpIvak The Politics of:
GayatrI Chakravorty SpIvak The Politics of Translation Gayatri Spivak GayatrI SpIvak a scholar, translator and feminist writer was born in 1942 in Calcutta, West Bengal ( then a colony of Britain) (gained its independence in 1947). she belonged to the first generation of Indian intellectuals after independence GayatrI SpIvak graduated from college with a First Class degree in 1957. Also in that year she became the National Debating Champion in India. by borrowing money she went US in the early 1960s to do graduate work at Cornell University. later in her life she called this " money-borrowing in order to maintain her study" as "life mortgage". GayatrI SpIvak In 1965, Spivak became an assistant professor in the department of English, In 1967 Spivak bought a book, the writer of which was unknown to her at that time. The title of the book was " De la grammatologie" by Jacques Derrida. She translated this book and wrote a long translator's preface. This preface became popular in linguistic circles. GayatrI SpIvak In 1978, she was National Humanities Professor at the University of Chicago. She received many subsequent residential visiting professorships and fellowships. Furthermore, she has received 11 honorary doctorates from a variety of universities. GayatrI SpIvak In 2012, she received Kyoto Prize. This was of great importance both for her country and herself as she was the only Indian recipient of the Kyoto Prize for Thought and Ethics in the category of Arts and Philosophy. (This prize is considered by some to be equivalent to the Nobel Prize in fields unrecognized by the Nobel). GayatrI SpIvak Her studies mainly focus on: Feminist movements and how it sees women in third World countries Education of people (especially women) in third World countries People marginalized by westerns states and terrorism (in recent years) GayatrI SpIvak Among her famous Works: In Other Worlds: Essays in Cultural Politics (1987) "Can the Subaltern Speak?” (1988) A Critique of Post-Colonial Reason: Toward a History of the Vanishing Present (1999); "Death of a Discipline (2003) " GayatrI SpIvak In order to understand Spivak the terms below should be understood first: post-colonialism, post-colonial literature post-colonial translation GayatrI SpIvak Forerunners of Post-Colonial Movement: Edward W. Said, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak Homi K. Bhabha (Mutman, 2010:117-126). FEMINISM AND SPIVAK Spivak re-arranged the ideas about feminism. She criticized western feminists for being hegemonic and suggested them not to impose English or other western (hegemonic)