Globalization: Concept, nature and dynamics

Transcript:Globalization: Concept, nature and dynamics:
Globalization: Concept, nature and dynamics Professor Manvendra Pratap Singh Department of Sociology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur. Semester – II Paper – III; Development in India Paper Code :- SOC 203 Unit – V Lecture: - 01 Globalization is a multidimensional phenomenon affecting economy, culture, environment, social and political aspects of life. Globalization signifies a transformative force of enormous significance. Giddens (1990) interprets globalization as distanciation which implies compression of time and space facilitating social action at a distance. He describes globalization as the radicalization of modernity leading to a period that he refers to as 'high modernity'. According to Castells (2004) 'thus what is specific to our world is the extension and augmentation of the body and mind in networks of interaction powered by microelectronics based, software operated, communication technologies... It is on this basis that a new social structure is expanding as the foundations of contemporary life: the network society’. He argued that 'electronic informational communication' brought by information communication technologies changed virtually every aspect of social living. He talks about network society. Martinelli (2005) says that 'globalization is one of the visible consequences of modernity and has in turn reshaped the project of modernity’. He further argues that 'the contemporary world looked more and more like a laser beam hologram where every point contains information about the whole'. According to Robertson globalization refers to processes where the world is moving towards 'unicity' or global unicity, the growing 'oneness' of the world as a single sociocultural place (Coleman and Sajed, 2013). Marshall McLuhan gave the concept of 'global village’. Globalization changes the way people interact with each other for example internet, computers, facebook, whatsapp, video chat etc. We can understand globalization in context of liberalisation and privatisation (LPG model). Contemporary world is a global system in which nation states are becoming increasingly interdependent. We can see international division of labour. Global communication is facilitated by technological advances like development of fiber optic cables and strong satellite technology, global television links etc. More than 30% of total global population is using internet enriching global communication. David Held talked about hyperglobalisers, sceptics and transformationalists. Hyperglobalists They see globalization as a new epoch in human history. Hyperglobalist Ohmae (1990) argues that the era of nation state is declining in the face of intensification of global market place. According to him globalization is leading to a 'borderless world' in which market