KOTHARI COMMISION Presented by Dr. P. SUBRAMANIAN Assistant Professor Department of Educational Planning and Administration Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University Karapakkam, Chennai 600 097. INTRODUCTION The National Education
"KOTHARI COMMISION Presented by Dr. P. SUBRAMANIAN" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to
download and print the materials on this website for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it
on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright
notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this
agreement.
Presentation Transcript
01
KOTHARI COMMISION Presented by
Dr. P. SUBRAMANIAN
Assistant Professor
Department of Educational Planning and Administration
Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University
Karapakkam, Chennai – 600 097.<br>
02
INTRODUCTION The National Education Commission was appointed in 1964 and it reported in 1966. Its chairman was Dr. D. S. Kothari, Chairman, University Grants Commission.
The terms of reference were to advice government on national pattern of education and on the general principles and policies for the development of education at all stages and all its aspects.<br>
03
SALIENT FEATURES OF KOTHARI COMMISSION The recommendations laid down aims of education – economic, political, emotional, social, scientific, and personal.
It recommended qualitative improvements and quantitative expansion.
Educational pyramid was to be built from pre-primary to the university levels.<br>
04
Professional preparation of teachers was considered crucial to the qualitative improvement of education.
Salary scales were fixed and improved.
Curriculum was laid down from pre-primary to university stages.
New teaching methods were to be used.<br>
05
Guidance and counseling were to be the integral part of education.
Recommendations were made to ensure equality in educational opportunities between male and female population and between advanced and backward sections of society.
Work experience was recommended for students at all levels.<br>
06
NATIONAL AIMS Education was to be related to productivity and national integration.
It was to strengthen social integration and consolidate democracy as a form of government and help the country to adopt it as a way of life.
It was to hasten the process of modernization.
It was to strive to build character by activation of social, moral and spiritual values.<br>
07
STRUCTURE OF EDUCATION It was recommended that the educational pyramid required division into stages and their interrelationship,
the duration of different stages,
the quality of teachers,
Curriculum,
Methods of teaching and evaluation equipment and building and utilization of available facilities.<br>
08
STRUCTURE OF PRIMARY EDUCATION Pre-primary education – pre-primary, pre-basic, kindergarten, Montessori.
Primary education – class I to VII or I to VIII which included lower primary classes (I – IV) or (I to V) in some States, lower primary in some other states and lower elementary still in some states.
Higher primary education – Classes V-VII or VI – VIII.<br>
09
LOWER PRIMARY STAGE (CLASS I – IV) One language – the mother tongue or the regional language
Mathematics
Study of environment (covering science and social studies in class III or IV)
Creative activities
Work experience and social service
Health education<br>
10
HIGHER PRIMARY STAGE (CLASS V-VIII) Two languages
Mother tongue or the regional language
Hindi or English
A third language (English, Hindi, or the regional language) might be studied on an optional basis.
Mathematics
Science
Social studies
Art or craft
Work experience
Physical education
Education in moral and spiritual values<br>
11
LOWER SECONDARY STAGE (CLASS IX- X) Three languages
Mathematics
Science
History, geography and civics
Art and craft
Work experience and social service
Physical education
Education in moral and spiritual values<br>
12
HIGHER SECONDARY STAGE (CLASS XI – XII) Any two languages, including any modern Indian language, any modern foreign language and any classical language
An additional language
History
Geography
Economics
Logic
Psychology
Sociology
Art Physics
Chemistry
Mathematics
Biology
Geology
Home science
Work experience and social services
Physical education
Art or craft
Education in moral and spiritual values.<br>
13
The commission recommended that tuition fees at the primary level were to be abolished.
Lower secondary education was to be free before the end of the fifth plan.
At primary level, free text books and working material were to be provided.
At the primary stage, scholarships were to be awarded to a needy child<br>
14
Education for the scheduled castes was to be expanded.
Bold and determined efforts were to be made for the education of women.
Work experience might be considered an innovation of the commission.<br>
15
CONCLUSION The commission recommended fewer holidays, increase in working hours, decrease in examination days, and home work in long holidays and self study by using libraries, reading rooms, laboratories and workshops etc.<br>
16
REFERENCES Dutt, B. & Garg, Jyoti. (2012). Educational Planning and administration. New Delhi: Global Publications.
Mathur, S. S. (1990). Educational administration and management. India: The Indian Publications.
Ministry of Education. (1966). Report of the education commission (1964-66): Education and national development. New Delhi: Govt. of India.<br>
