Tonight, we continue our study of
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Tonight, we continue our study of Premillennialism. Last week began noting various elements associated with the theory of premillennialism. We discussed the pre-tribulation rapture and noted how it is contrary to the teachings of scripture.
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01
Tonight, we continue our study of Premillennialism. Last week began noting various elements associated with the theory of premillennialism.
We discussed the pre-tribulation rapture and noted how it is contrary to the teachings of scripture.
Today, we begin to address:<br>
We discussed the pre-tribulation rapture and noted how it is contrary to the teachings of scripture.
Today, we begin to address:<br>
02
A Study of Premillennialism (5) What about the Great Tribulation? (1)<br>
03
A Review of Premillennialism Our study
Tonight!<br>
Tonight!<br>
04
What is the great tribulation?
The Tribulation is a future time period when the Lord will accomplish at least two aspects of His plan: 1) He will complete His discipline of the nation Israel (Daniel 9:24), and 2) He will judge the unbelieving, godless inhabitants of the earth (Revelation 6–18)… (Got Questions Ministries)<br>
The Tribulation is a future time period when the Lord will accomplish at least two aspects of His plan: 1) He will complete His discipline of the nation Israel (Daniel 9:24), and 2) He will judge the unbelieving, godless inhabitants of the earth (Revelation 6–18)… (Got Questions Ministries)<br>
05
What is the great tribulation?
…The length of the Tribulation is seven years. This is determined by an understanding of the seventy weeks of Daniel (Daniel 9:24–27; also see the article on the Tribulation). The Great Tribulation is the last half of the Tribulation period, three and one-half years in length. (Got Questions Ministries)<br>
…The length of the Tribulation is seven years. This is determined by an understanding of the seventy weeks of Daniel (Daniel 9:24–27; also see the article on the Tribulation). The Great Tribulation is the last half of the Tribulation period, three and one-half years in length. (Got Questions Ministries)<br>
06
What is the great tribulation?
“The great tribulation is the period of unexampled trouble predicted in the passages cited under that head from Psa. 2:5 to Rev. 7:14 and described in Rev. 11–18.” (Scofield Study Bible, Rev. 7:14, 1917)<br>
“The great tribulation is the period of unexampled trouble predicted in the passages cited under that head from Psa. 2:5 to Rev. 7:14 and described in Rev. 11–18.” (Scofield Study Bible, Rev. 7:14, 1917)<br>
07
What is the great tribulation?
Scofield further notes this will include 4 elements: 1) The cruel reign of “the beast out of the sea”…. 2) The active interposition of Satan “having great wrath” 3) The unprecedented activity of demons, and 4) The terrible bowls of judgment of Revelation 16. (Scofield Study Bible, Rev. 7:14, 1917)<br>
Scofield further notes this will include 4 elements: 1) The cruel reign of “the beast out of the sea”…. 2) The active interposition of Satan “having great wrath” 3) The unprecedented activity of demons, and 4) The terrible bowls of judgment of Revelation 16. (Scofield Study Bible, Rev. 7:14, 1917)<br>
08
What is the great tribulation?
It is reference to a period of time after the rapture of saints, both dead and living. It is a time of judgment on the earth that will include disasters, plagues, economic turmoil, wars, etc. These are a judgment of God.<br>
It is reference to a period of time after the rapture of saints, both dead and living. It is a time of judgment on the earth that will include disasters, plagues, economic turmoil, wars, etc. These are a judgment of God.<br>
09
What is the great tribulation?
Halfway through the tribulation, the GREAT tribulation will begin where the antichrist will arise, outlaw true worship and begin persecuting saints (both Jew and Christian). This will be more severe than anything in history. It will last for 3½ years.<br>
Halfway through the tribulation, the GREAT tribulation will begin where the antichrist will arise, outlaw true worship and begin persecuting saints (both Jew and Christian). This will be more severe than anything in history. It will last for 3½ years.<br>
10
Passages used to support the tribulation
Daniel 9:24-27 – this passage is the basis for a 7 year tribulation, 3½ year great tribulation of saints, and the gap or parenthetical age (aka, “the church age”). We are going to examine this passage tonight in some detail!<br>
Daniel 9:24-27 – this passage is the basis for a 7 year tribulation, 3½ year great tribulation of saints, and the gap or parenthetical age (aka, “the church age”). We are going to examine this passage tonight in some detail!<br>
11
Passages used to support the tribulation
Matthew 24:21 – “There will be great tribulation, such as has not been since the beginning of the world…” I Believe this has reference to the destruction of Jerusalem. NOTE Some believe it also applies to Jerusalem with dual implications.<br>
Matthew 24:21 – “There will be great tribulation, such as has not been since the beginning of the world…” I Believe this has reference to the destruction of Jerusalem. NOTE Some believe it also applies to Jerusalem with dual implications.<br>
12
Passages used to support the tribulation
Revelation 6-18, esp. 7:14, “These are the ones who come out of the great tribulation…” Everything in these chapters (seals, trumpets, bowls of wrath, etc.) are believed to be a description of God’s judgment during the 7 years. One point made is the absence of the church in these chapters. To premillennialists, there is a mixture of literal and figurative events in these chapters.<br>
Revelation 6-18, esp. 7:14, “These are the ones who come out of the great tribulation…” Everything in these chapters (seals, trumpets, bowls of wrath, etc.) are believed to be a description of God’s judgment during the 7 years. One point made is the absence of the church in these chapters. To premillennialists, there is a mixture of literal and figurative events in these chapters.<br>
13
Passages used to support the tribulation
In our next lesson, we will address these passages Matthew 24 & Revelation 6-18 and note some other concerns about the great tribulation.<br>
In our next lesson, we will address these passages Matthew 24 & Revelation 6-18 and note some other concerns about the great tribulation.<br>
14
Biblical concerns with the tribulation/great tribulation
An examination of Daniel 9:24-27
Premillennialism develops the idea of a 7 year tribulation based upon the 70 weeks of this text. It is a belief that each day represents a year for a total of 490 years. After the 69th week (483 years), the messiah will come to save and Jerusalem will be destroyed (vs. 26).
THEN there is a gap or parenthetical period between vs. 26 & 27.<br>
An examination of Daniel 9:24-27
Premillennialism develops the idea of a 7 year tribulation based upon the 70 weeks of this text. It is a belief that each day represents a year for a total of 490 years. After the 69th week (483 years), the messiah will come to save and Jerusalem will be destroyed (vs. 26).
THEN there is a gap or parenthetical period between vs. 26 & 27.<br>
15
Biblical concerns with the tribulation/great tribulation
An examination of Dan. 9:24-27
Vs. 27 describes the great tribulation. In the middle of it, sacrifices are cut off, and one will arise who makes desolate – devastates the godly (this is where they get the 3½ years of the great tribulation).<br>
An examination of Dan. 9:24-27
Vs. 27 describes the great tribulation. In the middle of it, sacrifices are cut off, and one will arise who makes desolate – devastates the godly (this is where they get the 3½ years of the great tribulation).<br>
16
Biblical concerns with the tribulation/great tribulation
In this lesson, I intend to examine Daniel 9:24-27
My approach is to establish that the culmination of this prophecy is the coming of Jesus and the destruction of Jerusalem and its fallout.<br>
In this lesson, I intend to examine Daniel 9:24-27
My approach is to establish that the culmination of this prophecy is the coming of Jesus and the destruction of Jerusalem and its fallout.<br>
17
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
Consider some background first
Daniel was prophet during the Babylonian captivity and the beginning of the MedoPersian empire.
He received numerous visions beginning with interpreting the dream of Nebuchadnezzar in Daniel 2. In that vision, Daniel spoke of 4 kingdoms beginning with Babylon. The rest of his visions explain developments associated with these 4 kingdoms.<br>
Consider some background first
Daniel was prophet during the Babylonian captivity and the beginning of the MedoPersian empire.
He received numerous visions beginning with interpreting the dream of Nebuchadnezzar in Daniel 2. In that vision, Daniel spoke of 4 kingdoms beginning with Babylon. The rest of his visions explain developments associated with these 4 kingdoms.<br>
18
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
Consider background of Daniel 9
Vs. 1 – Babylon has fallen to the Medes. Vs. 2 – Daniel considers the prophecy of Jeremiah (25:11-12) that 70 years of captivity were determined. They are nearing the end of that time.
Vs. 3-19, Daniel prays – confessing his and Israel’s sins. He prays for forgiveness and restoration<br>
Consider background of Daniel 9
Vs. 1 – Babylon has fallen to the Medes. Vs. 2 – Daniel considers the prophecy of Jeremiah (25:11-12) that 70 years of captivity were determined. They are nearing the end of that time.
Vs. 3-19, Daniel prays – confessing his and Israel’s sins. He prays for forgiveness and restoration<br>
19
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
Consider background of Daniel 9
Vs. 20-23 – as he prays, Gabriel appears to him and gives him understanding and proceeds to explain the vision (chapters 7 & 8 contain visions – dealing with the Medo-Persian and Macedonian empires).<br>
Consider background of Daniel 9
Vs. 20-23 – as he prays, Gabriel appears to him and gives him understanding and proceeds to explain the vision (chapters 7 & 8 contain visions – dealing with the Medo-Persian and Macedonian empires).<br>
20
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Vs. 24, 70 weeks are determined.
Vs. 24, “For your people and your holy city…” (This is important!) This is WHO this vision is directed toward – Jerusalem!<br>
The interpretation begins:
Vs. 24, 70 weeks are determined.
Vs. 24, “For your people and your holy city…” (This is important!) This is WHO this vision is directed toward – Jerusalem!<br>
21
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Several things happen – and will be completed before the end of this “70 weeks”. Most of these in the latter part.
24, “to finish the transgression” – likely pointing toward the Jews finishing their rejection of God by rejection Jesus. Matthew 23:29-36, Romans 9, 11:20, etc.<br>
The interpretation begins:
Several things happen – and will be completed before the end of this “70 weeks”. Most of these in the latter part.
24, “to finish the transgression” – likely pointing toward the Jews finishing their rejection of God by rejection Jesus. Matthew 23:29-36, Romans 9, 11:20, etc.<br>
22
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
24, “to make an end of sins” – Jesus died for the sins of mankind – Romans 6:23, Hebrews 2:14-15
24, “to make reconciliation for iniquity” Jesus reconciles us to God once and for all – Colossians 1:19-22<br>
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
24, “to make an end of sins” – Jesus died for the sins of mankind – Romans 6:23, Hebrews 2:14-15
24, “to make reconciliation for iniquity” Jesus reconciles us to God once and for all – Colossians 1:19-22<br>
23
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
24, “to bring everlasting righteousness” – Jesus did this by establishing His kingdom based on righteousness – 2 Corinthians 5:21, Romans 3:21-26<br>
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
24, “to bring everlasting righteousness” – Jesus did this by establishing His kingdom based on righteousness – 2 Corinthians 5:21, Romans 3:21-26<br>
24
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
24, “to seal up vision and prophecy” Jesus fulfilled all things concerning Himself – Luke 24:44, cf. Luke 4:17-21, Galatians 4:4ff NOTE: Also in this time, the days of prophecy and miracles would be completed – cf. 1 Corinthians 13:8-12<br>
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
24, “to seal up vision and prophecy” Jesus fulfilled all things concerning Himself – Luke 24:44, cf. Luke 4:17-21, Galatians 4:4ff NOTE: Also in this time, the days of prophecy and miracles would be completed – cf. 1 Corinthians 13:8-12<br>
25
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
24, “to anoint the Holy One” – the best understanding is this is Jesus – Jesus was prophet, priest and King.<br>
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
24, “to anoint the Holy One” – the best understanding is this is Jesus – Jesus was prophet, priest and King.<br>
26
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
24, “to anoint the Holy One”
Premillennialists say this is the temple (Holy place). The best fit is Jesus, but suppose it is about the temple (or Jerusalem) – Spiritually, Jesus has fulfilled these! Hebrews 9 elaborates how Jesus has entered into heaven itself (23-25), rather than the physical temple which was a symbol of things to come (7-9) Hebrews 9:18-22 notes that Moses dedicated the tabernacle with blood (see Exodus 40:9-10 – anointed)<br>
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
24, “to anoint the Holy One”
Premillennialists say this is the temple (Holy place). The best fit is Jesus, but suppose it is about the temple (or Jerusalem) – Spiritually, Jesus has fulfilled these! Hebrews 9 elaborates how Jesus has entered into heaven itself (23-25), rather than the physical temple which was a symbol of things to come (7-9) Hebrews 9:18-22 notes that Moses dedicated the tabernacle with blood (see Exodus 40:9-10 – anointed)<br>
27
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
25, “from the going forth of the command” – this is the beginning time of the 70 weeks:
3 possible dates: Decree of Cyrus ~539 BC – Ezra 1:1-4 Decree of Artaxerxes ~ 457 BC– Ezra 7:13-14 – 2nd Decree of Xerxes ~445 BC – Nehemiah 2:1-8<br>
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
25, “from the going forth of the command” – this is the beginning time of the 70 weeks:
3 possible dates: Decree of Cyrus ~539 BC – Ezra 1:1-4 Decree of Artaxerxes ~ 457 BC– Ezra 7:13-14 – 2nd Decree of Xerxes ~445 BC – Nehemiah 2:1-8<br>
28
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
25, “from the going forth of the command” – the 70 weeks:
All 3 dates have issues: Decree of Cyrus ~539 BC – 490 years would be ~50 BC – too early. HOWEVER, could this number be figurative? 7 being complete, 10 being completion. Multiples of these show emphasized completion (i.e. completion of all things).<br>
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
25, “from the going forth of the command” – the 70 weeks:
All 3 dates have issues: Decree of Cyrus ~539 BC – 490 years would be ~50 BC – too early. HOWEVER, could this number be figurative? 7 being complete, 10 being completion. Multiples of these show emphasized completion (i.e. completion of all things).<br>
29
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
25, “from the going forth of the command” – the 70 weeks:
All 3 dates have issues: Decree of Artaxerxes ~ 457 BC–490 years would be ~26 AD, slightly too early for the crucifixion of Jesus<br>
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
25, “from the going forth of the command” – the 70 weeks:
All 3 dates have issues: Decree of Artaxerxes ~ 457 BC–490 years would be ~26 AD, slightly too early for the crucifixion of Jesus<br>
30
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
25, “from the going forth of the command” – the 70 weeks:
All 3 dates have issues: 2nd Decree of Xerxes ~445 BC –490 years would be ~38 AD- too late, and thus associate the later date with some other event (possibly Cornelius)<br>
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
25, “from the going forth of the command” – the 70 weeks:
All 3 dates have issues: 2nd Decree of Xerxes ~445 BC –490 years would be ~38 AD- too late, and thus associate the later date with some other event (possibly Cornelius)<br>
31
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
25, “from the going forth of the command” – the 70 weeks:
The nature of apocalyptic literature is to consider dates as figurative – thus it could address a complete period of time!<br>
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
25, “from the going forth of the command” – the 70 weeks:
The nature of apocalyptic literature is to consider dates as figurative – thus it could address a complete period of time!<br>
32
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
25, “Until Messiah the Prince, there shall be 7 weeks, then 62 weeks” – from the decree till Jesus came for redemption
25, “the city shall be rebuilt ” this is likely the timing at the culmination of the 7 weeks.<br>
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
25, “Until Messiah the Prince, there shall be 7 weeks, then 62 weeks” – from the decree till Jesus came for redemption
25, “the city shall be rebuilt ” this is likely the timing at the culmination of the 7 weeks.<br>
33
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
26, “After 62 weeks, Messiah shall be cut off, but not for Himself ” – Jesus was crucified and rejected. It was NOT for Himself, but us, mankind – Romans 5:8<br>
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
26, “After 62 weeks, Messiah shall be cut off, but not for Himself ” – Jesus was crucified and rejected. It was NOT for Himself, but us, mankind – Romans 5:8<br>
34
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
26, “And the people of the prince who is to come shall destroy the city… ” – as Jesus is rejected, the beginning of the end for Jerusalem takes place. Note Matthew 27:51-54 when Jesus died. The veil of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom. It would take 40 years (time to repent), but Jerusalem’s fate was sealed! (Cf. Hebrews, Romans, etc.)<br>
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
26, “And the people of the prince who is to come shall destroy the city… ” – as Jesus is rejected, the beginning of the end for Jerusalem takes place. Note Matthew 27:51-54 when Jesus died. The veil of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom. It would take 40 years (time to repent), but Jerusalem’s fate was sealed! (Cf. Hebrews, Romans, etc.)<br>
35
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
27, “Then he shall confirm a covenant with many for one week” – Rome made covenants with nations, including Judah (Jerusalem). Note in NT, Roman occupation of Jerusalem, etc. Whether Jews liked it or not, they were under Roman rule.<br>
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
27, “Then he shall confirm a covenant with many for one week” – Rome made covenants with nations, including Judah (Jerusalem). Note in NT, Roman occupation of Jerusalem, etc. Whether Jews liked it or not, they were under Roman rule.<br>
36
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
27, “But in the middle of the week, he shall bring an end to sacrifice and offerings.” – One possibility is that this could be the destruction of Jerusalem itself. The city is decimated, the temple destroyed, etc. No more Jewish temple worship to God, even to this day!<br>
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
27, “But in the middle of the week, he shall bring an end to sacrifice and offerings.” – One possibility is that this could be the destruction of Jerusalem itself. The city is decimated, the temple destroyed, etc. No more Jewish temple worship to God, even to this day!<br>
37
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
27, “On the wing of abominations shall be one who makes desolate” – Titus was the general who attacked and destroyed Jerusalem. Jerusalem remained desolate (history tells us Jews were not permitted to enter the city, but once a year they could gather on a hill that overlooked the city to remember) while Rome stood.<br>
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
27, “On the wing of abominations shall be one who makes desolate” – Titus was the general who attacked and destroyed Jerusalem. Jerusalem remained desolate (history tells us Jews were not permitted to enter the city, but once a year they could gather on a hill that overlooked the city to remember) while Rome stood.<br>
38
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
27, “On the wing of abominations shall be one who makes desolate” – Concerning abominations and desolations consider Matthew 24:15-16 – “When you see the abomination of desolation…” a CLEAR reference to Jerusalem! ALSO see Luke 21:20-21
THIS is undeniably the destruction of Jerusalem<br>
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
27, “On the wing of abominations shall be one who makes desolate” – Concerning abominations and desolations consider Matthew 24:15-16 – “When you see the abomination of desolation…” a CLEAR reference to Jerusalem! ALSO see Luke 21:20-21
THIS is undeniably the destruction of Jerusalem<br>
39
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
27, “Even until the consummation, which is determined, is poured out on the desolate.” – Another rendering of this last word is, “on the desolator” – i.e. until Rome itself falls.<br>
The interpretation begins:
Completing the 70 weeks;
27, “Even until the consummation, which is determined, is poured out on the desolate.” – Another rendering of this last word is, “on the desolator” – i.e. until Rome itself falls.<br>
40
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
Some concluding observations:
This is a difficult text to interpret
But considering the visions and figurative language in Daniel about the 4 kingdoms, the destruction of Jerusalem is the BEST conclusion for this text!<br>
Some concluding observations:
This is a difficult text to interpret
But considering the visions and figurative language in Daniel about the 4 kingdoms, the destruction of Jerusalem is the BEST conclusion for this text!<br>
41
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
Some concluding observations:
Notice that the text says NOTHING, not even a hint, of a gap or parenthesis between weeks 69 and 70. Premillennialists like to make this literal EXCEPT when they need to be figurative!
Furthermore, WHERE does the text imply weeks HAVE TO mean years? (These could be figurative as noted)<br>
Some concluding observations:
Notice that the text says NOTHING, not even a hint, of a gap or parenthesis between weeks 69 and 70. Premillennialists like to make this literal EXCEPT when they need to be figurative!
Furthermore, WHERE does the text imply weeks HAVE TO mean years? (These could be figurative as noted)<br>
42
Concerning Daniel 9:24-27
Some concluding observations:
NOR does this text allude to, or fit a timeline addressing the end of the world!
Gabriel is giving Daniel comfort as he wants to know. Ultimate deliverance is coming (and Jerusalem was going to be rebuilt). BUT, there was a sad note about Jerusalem’s ultimate destiny.
And that is Daniel 9:24-27<br>
Some concluding observations:
NOR does this text allude to, or fit a timeline addressing the end of the world!
Gabriel is giving Daniel comfort as he wants to know. Ultimate deliverance is coming (and Jerusalem was going to be rebuilt). BUT, there was a sad note about Jerusalem’s ultimate destiny.
And that is Daniel 9:24-27<br>
43
What do we really need to understand?
Jesus is coming back and we better be ready! Hebrews 9:27<br>
Jesus is coming back and we better be ready! Hebrews 9:27<br>
44
Are you ready for His return?<br>
45
Let us pray!<br>