TOPIC: DOCTRINAL RESEARCH AND CRITICAL ANALYSIS

RESEARCH Research means to search something, to find out something and to know something.
So research is an inquiry into the nature of, the reason for, and the consequences of any particular set of circumstances, whether these circumstances are controlled or recorded just as they occur.
To achieve good results to generalize it as a solution, scientific methods based on logical consideration are followed in research.
Research in common parlance to a search for knowledge.

Research method is the method or technique that researcher uses in performing research operations.
R.R. Rusk- Research is a point of view, and attitude of inquiry or a frame of mind.
Clarke and Clarke - Research is carefully, systematic and objective investigation conducted to obtain valid facts, draw conclusions and established principles regarding an identifiable problem in some field of knowledge.<br>

OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH Though each research study has its own specific purpose, we mention some general objectives of research below:
To gain familiarity with a phenomenon or to achieve new insights into it.
To portray accurately the characteristics of a particular individual situation or a group.
To determine the frequency with which something occurs or with which it is associated with something else.
To test a hypothesis of a causal relationship between variables.<br>

LEGAL RESEARCH Legal research is one of the aspects of study of human behavior, their interactions, attitude pertaining to any law under the research studies.
Legal research is the study of relationship between the world of the law and the world that the law purports to government.
Legal research is generally the process of finding an answer to a legal question or checking for legal precedent that can be cited in a brief or at trial.<br>

OBJECTIVES AND SIGNIFICANE OF LEGAL RESEARCH To discover new facts.
To test and verify the old facts.
To find merits and de-merits of old laws or to give suggestions of a new legal law.
To analyze law and legal institutions from the point of view of history.
To build up the knowledge of law.
The legal research help the judges in decision making process. For e.g., Domestic Violence, etc,.
Legal research helps in deciding what action has to be taken to solve the social, economic problems in the society.
It helps in solving various operations and planning problems pertaining to business, industries, tax, etc.<br>

TYPES OF LEGAL RESEARCH ANDDISTINCTION BETWEEN THE TWO<br>

DOCTRINAL RESEARCH According to S.N Jain, doctrinal research involves analyze of case laws, arranging, ordering and study of legal institutions but it does more. It creates law and its major tools through legal reasoning.<br>

CHARACTERISTICS OF DOCTRINAL RESERCH The study is mainly based on legal prepositions (i.e., the reason for the decision which is legally binding and creates precedent).
The sources of data for a doctrinal researcher are the reports of Appellate Courts and conventional legal theory.
It is concerned with what the particular doctrine of law says and not as what made the authority to say so or what has been the impact of that say.<br>

Statutory Materials
Reports of Committees
Legal History
Legal Periodicals
Govt. Reports
Reference Books
Case Reports
Resources Of Doctrinal Research<br>

Of Doctrinal Research Study Case Law and Statutory Law in order to find relevant Law.
Looking into the purpose and policy of law that exists.
Studying legal institutions.
Assessing the consistency and certainty of Law.
Arranging the existing Law in order and providing parameter for such order.
Critical review of legislations and their decisional processes along with their underlying policy.<br>

Role of the Hypothesis in doctrinal research The hypothesis has major role to verify the authoritative sources which are used in the doctrinal legal research.
It also deals with the identification of authoritative the sources and how to use of techniques to find them out.
Accordingly to the doctrinal legal studies, researchers have not ordinarily to test any hypothesis in order to prove or disprove”.
Sometime the hypothesis was “formulating simple question to guide the research” and most of “the research are exploratory, descriptive or explanatory in nature.
The doctrinal legal research, problems or questions are raised for the purpose of seeking credible answer or solutions. These “questions in most cases take the place of hypothesis” .
similarly the question was raise the problem and issues but “hypothesis suggested tentative concrete and testable answer”.<br>

It is often traditionally taught that legal research methods should be conducted in the early stages of legal training.
For the postgraduate studies researcher, this may help with meeting deadlines and contain surprises.
because of the proliferation of law schools and law firms, research conducted under this design is likely to be of more acceptable character in the presence of legal research
Doctrinal research still represents a "base" in the legal community and most universities demand an even higher degree of work based on this ideological framework.<br>

DISADVANTAGES<br>

each This research is on individual basis and facts may vary from one to another researcher. Hence, it is Subjective in nature.
Doctrinal legal research do not go beyond the sphere of Law.
This research emphasize on reports, statutes and books but does not get any support from social facts or values.
Gap between social behavior and behavior deemed by legal norm is not addressed by this research. Of Doctrinal Research<br>

CRITICAL The objective and philosophy of doctrinal researcher has to be the same as that of sociological jurisprudence, that is, social engineering through law.
Law society research cannot thrive on a weak infrastructure base of doctrinal type analyses of the authoritative legal materials.
Doctrinal legal researches give inputs for public to reach at well-informed decisions, resulting in mature and right public opinion.
The doctrinal research has been change the political philosophy of law.
Doctrinal research is undertaken mainly qualitative and distinctive according to accepted discipline standards and rules.<br>

CONCLUSION A Researcher may have several alternative solutions to a problem but he has to adopt that one which will serve the best interests of the society. When a traditional researcher analyzes the process through which a doctrine is formed, he actually looks into the underlying policy and the goal.
Also, through conventional legal materials consequences of adopting a doctrine can be traced.
Doctrinal legal research is an ultimate way to find the answers that have been raised in the context of attempts to understand the emerging issues in the framework of the Law.<br>

THANK YOU<br>