ANATOMY AND OUTLINE OF IMAGING ANATOMY AND OUTLINE OF IMAGING Types of Salivary Gland Imaging CONVENTIONAL RADIOGRAPHY Mainly views taken in CR are occlusal panoramic and lateral oblique view and PA views ID: 1010826
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1. SALIVARY GLAND IMAGING
2. ANATOMY AND OUTLINE OF IMAGING
3. ANATOMY AND OUTLINE OF IMAGING
4. Types of Salivary Gland Imaging
5. CONVENTIONAL RADIOGRAPHYMainly views taken in CR are occlusal, panoramic, and lateral oblique view and PA views. It is generally limited to detection of sialoliths, primarily in submandibular gland, Stensenduct and Wharton duct.Sialolithsoccur more frequently in submandibular gland than in parotid gland. They can rarely be seen in sublingual or minor salivary gland.On conventional extraoralradiography, such as panoramic tomography and PA radiography, a sialolithof the submandibular gland usually appears as a round, isolated radio-opaque mass beneath the inferior border of the mandible.
6. SIALOGRAPHYSialographyis a radiographic procedure for detection and monitoring salivary gland disease. It is used to examine the ductal acinarsystem of major salivary gland by injecting radio-opaque contrast medium into the gland to make it visible on radiographs.After injection of contrast agent radiographs are taken on plane film. The lateral oblique is best to delineate submandibular gland because it projects image below the ramus of jaw. Occlusal view is taken for sialolithslocated in anterior portion of duct.For parotid gland, anteroposterior(AP) and panoramic view can be taken. After sialographicview is taken the catheter should be removed from duct orifice.Patient is instructed to chew gum or suck on lemon .
7. COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHYIt is valuable in examining salivary gland, particularly after injection of contrast media, i.e. CT sialography. CT enables the lesions and changes in surrounding structures to be visualized. CT View of Normal Salivary Gland Parotid gland: It has increased fat content and is encased in a dense capsule. Because of this, parotid gland on CT is consistently more radiolucent than surrounding muscle and is distinctly more radioopaquethan adjacent fat.Parotid duct is not routinely seen on CT without contrast opacification.
8. Submandibular gland Submandibular gland is more radiopaque than parotid gland but of the same density as that of adjacent muscle. Sublingual gland: This appears as relatively lucent fatty structures.
9. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
10. ULTRASONOGRAPHYUSG is based on inaudible sound in the range of frequency approximately 20,000 to 10 billion (109) cycles/s. It has different velocities in tissues that differ in density and elasticity from others. Normal Appearance of Parotid Gland :parotid gland appears as a homogeneous hyperechoicarea.Submandibular Gland: The normal submandibular gland also appears as a homogeneous hyperechoicarea relative to the surrounding muscles, such as the mylohyoidand digastric muscle.
11. Doppler SonographyIntraglandular blood flow can be demonstrated with Doppler sonography.
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