PPT-Human chromosomes There are 46 chromosomes (23 homologous pairs) in each somatic cell

22 pairs of autosomes 1 pair of sex chromosomes XX Female XY Male Karyotype chromosomes are arranged according to shape and size AN EXTRA COPY OF CHROMOSOME 21 CAUSES DOWN SYNDROME This condition is called . Section 6.1. 1. Objectives. SWBAT differentiate between body cells and gametes.. SWBAT compare and contrast autosomes and sex chromosomes.. 2. Vocabulary. Somatic cell. Gamete . Homologous chromosome. and how is it arranged!. Mike . Clark, M.D.. Amount of Genetic Material in a Cell. Before we discuss mitosis or meiosis – let’s examine how much genetic material is in a cell.. There are two divisions of cells in the human body- somatic cells and gametes (sex cells). (making sperm and eggs…). We. ’. re NOT talking about making babies, we. ’. re talking about making the CELLS that make babies – eggs and sperm! . Eggs and sperm are GAMETES.. Gamete = sex cells (. 10. Meiosis. You Must Know. The importance of homologues chromosomes to meiosis.. How the chromosome number is reduced from diploid to haploid in meiosis.. Three events that occur in meiosis but not mitosis.. CfE Advanced Higher Biology. Unit 2: Organisms and Evolution. 2bii. – Meiosis forms variable gametes. Terminology (4). Sexual life cycle of animals (1). Meiosis – an overview (1). Meiosis I (4). Chromosomes carry genes in a linear sequence that is shared by members of a species.. Understandings:. Prokaryotes have one chromosome consisting of a circular DNA molecule. . Some prokaryotes also have plasmids but eukaryotes do not. .. A. The starter is broken.. B. The gas pedal of a car does not work at all.. C. The brake pedal of a car gets stuck while pushed down.. D. The brake pedal of a car does not work at all.. 2. ..  You have been asked to provide genetic counseling to a family who has a very high incidence of various types of cancer. After some discussion, you tell them that you will do some genetic testing to determine if they carry any mutations that predispose them to cancer. Mutations in which of following proteins are most commonly associated with cancers? . Meiosis Terms . to Know:. Meiosis. : Cell division that produces gametes (sex cells/sperm & egg). These cells are used for sexual reproduction. They have . half . the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.. .. DNA . in cells is usually spread out so transcription can take place.. During . cell division, . chromosomes. form. .. Chromosomes are . DNA. and protein (. histones. ) coiled into a rod.. After DNA replicates, two . Meiosis (Ch 11.4) Background Chromosome = package form of DNA in a cell Genes = genetically inherited traits Genes normally have two alleles per gene (there are some exceptions like ABO blood type) Why do cells need to divide?. As . cells grow larger, they start to face several . difficulties . in functioning:. Growth & Repair. In order for multi-cellular organisms to grow, cells must divide. If cells are lost due to injury or damage to DNA, . 2n 2n Meiosis 2. How many DNA molecules are present in a chromosome of a cell in metaphase of mitosis? How many DNA molecules are present in a chromosome of a cell at metaphase II In asexual reproduction, a single individual gives rise to offspring that are identical to itself and . others [MITOSIS]. Bacteria reproduce asexually. Most plants and some simple animals can reproduce both asexually and . Genetics Pedagogies Project. Annie Jamieson (A.K.Jamieson@leeds.ac.uk). Human . karyotype. Source: http://www.genome.gov/glossary/resources/karyotype.pdf. Sex. chromosomes. Autosomes. Homologous chromosomes.