Joaquim Sande Silva ESACIPC CEABNISA The problem Portugal is an invasionprone country given its mild climate and the introduction of many alien plant species Some of those species are fireadapted ID: 778007
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Slide1
O Fogo e as Invasoras Lenhosas – Fire and woody plant invaders
Joaquim Sande Silva - ESAC/IPC; CEABN/ISA
Slide2The problem
Portugal is an invasion-prone country, given its mild climate and the introduction of many alien plant species
Some of those species are fire-adapted
Slide3Brooks
et al.
2004
3
3
Fire and alien plants may be connected through a fire cycle
Slide4Most
fuel management practices
may
potentially
aggravate
the problema of plant
invasionsEven fuel breaks for
fire prevention can foster
the
establishment
of
invasive plantsIn Califórnia (Merriam et al. 2006):“We found that nonnative plant abundance was over 200% higher on fuel breaks than in adjacent wildland areas”
Slide5Merriam et al. 2006):
Slide6Alien plant species introduced to Portugal that are well adapted to fire
Slide7Acacia dealbataAustralian originAs many other Fabaceae, it develops a soil seed bank
The hard-coated seeds may be stored in the soil for decadesFire triggers seed germinationIt resprouts vigorously after fireSeed pods can be dispersed at considerable distances
It has been expanding rapidly across the country
Slide8Hakea sericeaAnother Australian speciesIt is an obligate seeder
It develops a canopy seed bankWoody fruits open after fire and disperse the seeds at considerable distances (>100 m), therefore expanding the invaded area
Slide9Eucalyptus globulusAlso from AustraliaHighly resistant to fire
Massive seed shed after fire from “old” treesNot a problem if plantations are properly managed A potential problem when trees are not harvested in short rotations
Slide10Slide1175-80 m
Slide12Slide13Calviño-Cancela et al. 2018
Santos et al. 2015
Slide14The Aliens and flames (Fogo e Invasoras) project
Slide15The use of fire as a fuel management tool may aggravate the problem of plant invasions
But proper management through na informed use of fire, may:
At least, minimize the risk of expanding the invasive plants, using an apropriate prescription;
If properly used, it may even contribute to locally eliminate the invasive plant species.
Slide16But
Currently we don’t know how to set a prescription envisaging the achievment of such goals;
The existing guides on prescribed burning for portuguese conditions:
Have the sole goal of managing fuels for fire hazard mitigation
Did not consider the risk of plant invasions
Slide17Slide1818
Minutes 3’30’’ and 5’
Burn, March 2014
Slide1919
19
March 2016
Slide20Abril de 2018
Slide21Experimental design –
initial
version
Weather station
Slide22Preliminary results
Slide230.3
0.6
0.9
Litter
Duff
Soil
Layer
Number
of
Seeds
(
c
m
3
)
a
b
b
Acacia dealbata
Slide240.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Arganil
Carapinheira
Góis
Lousã
Mata do Carregal
Site
Layer
Litter
Duff
Soil
Number
of
Seeds
(
c
m
3
)
Slide254
6
8
10
Control
10s
20s
30s
60s
120s
180s
Treatments
Dehiscence Time (days)
a
a
ab
ab
bc
bc
bc
Hakea sericea
Slide266
7
8
9
10
11
Control
10s
20s
30s
60s
120s
180s
Treatments
Number of open follicules
ac
ac
a
a
b
b
c
Slide270
5
10
15
20
Control
10s
20s
30s
60s
120s
180s
Treatment
Number of Viable Seeds
a
a
a
a
a
b
c
Slide28Slide29Obrigado – Thank you