PPT-The motor unit and spinal reflexes

Michael Beierlein PhD Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy MSE R442 McGovern Medical School Houston TX Email michaelbeierleinuthtmcedu Cognition Action Environment Senses Motor control. Integrative Physiology I: . Control of Body Movement. About this Chapter. Neural reflexes. Autonomic reflexes. Skeletal muscle reflexes. The integrated control of body movement. Control of movement in visceral muscles. Chapter 13 Part 4. Anatomy &Physiology. Reflexes . much of what body must do every day is programmed as . reflexes. a rapid, predictable, & involuntary response. occur over neural pathways called . Cognitive Neuroscience. David Eagleman. Jonathan . Downar. Chapter Outline. An Overview of the Nervous System. The Peripheral Nervous System. The Spinal Cord. The Brainstem. The Cerebellum. The Diencephalon. FISIOLOGI REFLEX. Textbooks. Guyton, A.C & Hall, J.E. 2006. . Textbook of Medical Physiology. . The 11. th. edition. Philadelphia: . Elsevier-Saunders: 945-960, 749-760.. Brooks, G.A. & Fahey, T.D. 1985. . . Central nervous system. The CNS (upper motor neuron) includes the brain and spinal cord. . which includes :. Cerebral hemispheres. White matter tracts. Cerebellum. Brain stem with cranial nerves. Hypo-. reflexia.  . Hypo-. reflexia. is an absent or diminished response to tapping. . Hypo-. reflexia. usually indicates a disease that . involves one or more of the components of the two-neuron reflex arc itself. Provides links from and to world outside body. All . neural structures outside brain. Sensory receptors. Peripheral nerves and associated ganglia. Efferent motor endings. . Sensory Receptors. Specialized to respond to changes in environment (. Objectives. Identify cranial nerves and describe the function of each. Understand the signs and tests for CN dysfunction. Make an . accurate. model of the ventricle system of the brain. Discuss the clinical implications of dysfunction in the ventricular system. Spinal nerve and Reflex arc. . Dr. . Qazi. . Imtiaz. . Rasool. OBJECTIVES. Recall . various components . of somatic nervous system. .. Explain . structure. of typical spinal nerve. REFLEX. Reflex is an involuntary response to stimulus.. REFLEX ARC. Reflex Arc is the basic unit of integrated reflex activity . It consists of ; Sense organ, an afferent neuron, one or more synapses that are generally in a central integrating area, an efferent neuron, an effector organ. . 1 BIOL 2210L Unit 11 : Authors: Terri Koontz and Anna Gilletly, CNM Biology Department Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial 4.0 International License Terms to Know for Unit 1 1 Cranial Ner Elmalky. Lecturer of Neurology, South Valley University. IFNR. Zurich University. These disorders are characterized by selective loss of function of the Lower and\or upper motor neurons due to selective degenerative changes which involve; . AND BASAL GANGLIA. CEREBELLUM. Functions. :. Maintenance . of balance and . posture. Coordination of voluntary . movements. Motor . learning. Cognitive functions. CEREBELLUM. Anatomical. . division. POSTURE. Each species of animal maintains a normal orientation in space called posture / attitude. Eg. : All domestic animals stand on four limbs. Horizontal posture. Humans stand on lower limbs only .