Historical Myth or Future Reality By Javed I Chaudry QeRN August 16 2014 Nomenclature Caliph A successor of Prophet Mohammad Caliphate Dominion of a Caliph Dynesty A succession of Rulers of the same Descent ID: 165463
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Slide1
Caliphate as a Political SystemHistorical Myth or Future Reality
By
Javed I.
Chaudry
QeRN
August 16, 2014Slide2
NomenclatureCaliph:
A successor of Prophet Mohammad
Caliphate:
Dominion of a Caliph
Dynesty
:
A succession of Rulers of the same Descent
Empire:
A number of territories or people under a single sovereign authority
QeRN
J.
Chaudry
2Slide3
First Islamic CaliphateThe Rightly Guided Khalifas
Abu Bakr Siddiq
632-634 CE
Umer
Faruq
634-644
Uthman
Ghani
644-656
Ali bin Abu
Talib
656-661
Abu baker Nomination created a split in the community
Qern
J.
Chaudry
3Slide4
Caliphate turns into Kingdom
During Umar’s Caliphate, Roman and Persian empires came
u
nder Islamic sovereignty.
A civil war erupted as Ali was nominated after
Uthman
.
Muawiya
, the
governer
of Syria refused to
recognise
Ali’s caliphate
Muawiya
became the first King from the House of
Ummayads
. Retained the title of
Khalifa
but introduced hereditary principle of Kings.
QeRN
J.
Chaudry
4Slide5
Abbassids replace Ummayyads
Ummayyads
had lost character and spirit of Islam.
Rebilions
made them weak.
In 750 CE,
Abul
Abbas captured Iraq, removed
Ummayyads
and hence started a new Caliphate, the
Abbassids
. Ruled 750 - 1258 CE
This caliphate is considered the Golden age of the Islamic Caliphate.
The Mongols destroyed Bagdad in 1258
QeRN
J.
Chaudry
5Slide6
Muslim Spain Al-Andalas
Tarq
ibn
Ziyad
attackec
Spain with Berber army and Umayyad forces
Ruled
714 – 1492
CE
Golden Era: 9
th
-11
th
Century CE
Science and Philosophy flourished as the Muslims, Christians, Jews lived harmoniously
Muslim rule ended after a united Christian attack from the surrounding states
QeRN
J.
Chaudry
6Slide7
Ottoman Empire – Usmania Caliphate1299 - 1924
Spanned over three continents
Peace, tolerance for various religions, sects, nations, creeds
Decline started early 1800s
Complacency and Incompetence
Corruption among higher officials
Nationalism
, Economic decadence
QeRN
J.
Chaudry
7
Slide8
Muslim Contributions to CivilizationAdvances were made in: M
aths
, Medicine, Astronomy, Philosophy, Literature, Physics, Chemistry,
Great Names like:
Al-
Khwarzimi
, Ibn
Khaldun
,
Averoes
Al-
Ghazali
, Al-
Kindi
QeRN
J.
Chaudry
8Slide9
Muslim Contributions to Civilization (Cond.)
Some Examples
*
:
Algebra, Geometry, Arithmetic with Zero
**
:
Al-
Khwarzimi
Fibonacci The West
Optics: Ibn Al-
Haytham
The West
*
PBS ran a documentary show on Muslim Innovations.
**
From India, 650 CE
Kalam
Cosmological Argument for existence of God:
Al-
Andulas
: Al-
Ghazali
,
AlKindi
The West
QeRN
J.
Chaudry
9Slide10
Why Muslim Contributions are not well known ?Muslims are still waiting for their renaissance
Lack of Organizational Continuity of Caliphates
Abrupt end of the Caliphates and Kingdoms
Colonization of most Muslim countries
Missed technological revolution while under colonial rule
Despotic rulers and lack of proper governance
QeRN
J.
Chaudry
10Slide11
Is Caliphate a Future Reality ?As an Empire
, caliphate has no future
Caliphate existed for 29 years while Islam was pure in accordance with the Quran
With all the sectarian divisions that exist today,
secular
government is the answer
Imagine, Indian Muslims started
Khilafat
Movement in 1920s – even Gandhi joined in the movement
The Quran is open to any type of government
QeRN
J.
Chaudry
11Slide12
Caliphate today would be akin to employing steam to power the modern transport systems
.Slide13
A New Caliphate – ISIS, ISIL A bunch of
mercenaries
gone haywire?
US Plans, Saudi Funds for
Demascus
Regime Change
The Rental Soldiers had change of Heart or working to a
Covert Strategic Plan
?
Iraq
Sunni, Shia, Kurd States –
2003 Plan?
Rhetorical Statement to Rule 1.5 b Muslims
QeRN
J.
Chaudry
13Slide14
Quote: Arnold J. Toynbee
Of the twenty-two civilizations that have appeared in history, nineteen of them collapsed when they reached the moral state the United States is in now
QeRN
J.
Chaudry
14