amp Euthanasia Avian Euthanasia Euthanasia Transitioning painlessly and stressfree as possible Mass Depopulation Large numbers quickly and efficiently Consideration to welfare as practicable ID: 261353
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Slide1
Mass Depopulation & Euthanasia
Avian EuthanasiaSlide2
EuthanasiaTransitioning painlessly and stress-free as possibleMass DepopulationLarge numbers, quickly and efficientlyConsideration to welfare as practicable
Terms used interchangeably here
USDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD
PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
Euthanasia and DepopulationSlide3
May be practiced during an animal health emergencyGoals of Euthanasia Provide humane treatment
Select
acceptable method
Minimize negative emotional impact
Safeguard food chainPrevent or mitigate disease spread
USDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD
PReP
/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
Euthanasia and DepopulationSlide4
Goal: Humane Treatment
Decrease
animal
stress, excitementCompetent, trained and experienced personnel
Restrain without undueinjury or painHandle animals quietly
USDA
APHIS
and CFSPH
FAD
PReP
/NAHEMS
Guidelines: MDE- Avian
Handling
USDA APHIS and CFSPHSlide5
Acceptable (noninhalant)Conditionally acceptableAdjunct“Other”
Consider disease agent
when choosing method
Zoonotic potential
USDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD
PReP
/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
Euthanasia MethodsSlide6
Injectable barbituates Barbituate derivates
USDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD
PReP
/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
Noninhalant
InjectablesSlide7
Conditionally acceptableCarbon dioxideCarbon monoxideNitrogenArgon
USDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD
PReP
/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
InhalantSlide8
Conditionally acceptableCervical dislocationDecapitationElectrocutionGunshotPercussive stunning/Captive bolt
Manually
applied blunt force trauma
USDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD
PReP
/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
Physical MethodsSlide9
Water-based foamVentilation shut downNot recommended
USDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD
PReP
/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- AvianAdditional Methods Slide10
Potassium chloride or magnesium sulfate IV or Intracardiac Exsanguination (consider biosecurity)Bird MUST be unconscious
USDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD
PReP
/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
Adjunct MethodsSlide11
Small number
of birds, companion birds
Intraperitoneal injection
Nonirritating euthanasia agent
Restrain with Ketamine hydrochloride, if necessaryDeath is prolonged when compared to intravenous methods
USDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD
PReP
/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
Injectable Chemical AgentsSlide12
CO2– used extensively
Heavier than air, will remain near floor
Nitrogen, argon
Specific gravity similar to air
Does not sinkMust be used in a completely closed system
USDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD
PReP
/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
Types of Gaseous AgentsSlide13
Should only be performed by well-trained individuals
Only practical if:
S
mall birdsS
mall number to be euthanizedTissues collectionWhen learning technique, sedate or anesthetize birds first
USDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD
PReP
/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
Physical- Cervical
DislocationSlide14
Not recommended in mass depopulation situations
Risk of disease spread
Offensive
Stressful to birds and responders
Inefficient Welfare concerns
USDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD
PReP
/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
Physical- DecapitationSlide15
Cash Poultry Killer (CPK)Chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese
Cartridge-powered
New cartridge for each use
May overheat with continuous use
Air-poweredIntended for production slaughter
USDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD
PReP
/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
Physical- Percussive
StunningSlide16
Successfully used with poultryMobile electrical water bath
systems
O
n-farm stunning, euthanasiaSufficient to kill without need for adjunct method
Requires individual handling and leg-shackling necessaryNo
existing electrocution mass depopulation systems in the U.S.
USDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD
PReP
/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
Physical- ElectrocutionSlide17
Acceptable for small number of feral/wild birds that cannot be moved, trappedUse appropriate
shot size
A
cceptable for large
birds or ratitesUSDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD
PReP
/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
Physical- GunshotSlide18
Cease ventilation of buildingMay also increase ambient temperature
Welfare concerns:
Method of death: suffocation or heat stress
Possible prolonged suffering
Method not addressed by AVMAApproved in United KingdomNot recommended
USDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD
PReP
/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
Ventilation ShutdownSlide19
Advantages:Decreased
labor
Little/no bird handling
Decreases dustDisadvantages:
Water supplyBirds must be on floor
USDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD
PReP
/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
Water-Based
F
oamSlide20
Confirmation of death can be difficultSustained lack of heartbeat and respirationRigor mortisEvaluate by competent, experienced personnel
USDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD
PReP
/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
Confirmation of DeathSlide21
FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines& SOP: Mass Depopulation
and Euthanasia (MDE) (2011)
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/emergency_management/
MDE web-based training modulehttp://naherc.sws.iastate.edu/
USDA APHIS and CFSPHFAD
PReP
/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
For More InformationSlide22
Authors (CFSPH):
Reneé
Dewell DVM,MS
Nichollette Rider, Veterinary Student
Significant contributions to the content were provided
by
USDA
APHIS VS:Lori P. Miller, PE
Darrel
K. Styles, DVM, PhD
USDA APHIS and CFSPH
FAD PReP/NAHEMS Guidelines: MDE- Avian
Guidelines ContentSlide23
Acknowledgments
Development of this presentation was by the Center for Food Security and Public Health at Iowa State University through funding from
the
USDA APHIS Veterinary Services
PPT Authors: Dawn Bailey, BS; Kerry
Leedom
Larson, DVM,
MPH, PhD, DACVPM
Reviewers:
Glenda Dvorak, DVM, MPH,
DACVPM: Cheryl L. Eia, JD, DVM, MPH, Patricia
Futoma
, BS,
Veterinary Student,
Reneé
Dewell
DVM,MS