SYSTEM Male Reproductive System Male Reproductive System frontal view See p 62 in Review book Male Reproductive System Scrotum sac of skin that holds testes Hangs below body to keep testes cool Sperm cannot be produced if body is too warm Testes move into scrotum just before bir ID: 140284
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Slide1
REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEMSlide2
Male Reproductive SystemSlide3
Male Reproductive System
(frontal view)
See p. 62 in Review bookSlide4
Male Reproductive System
Scrotum – sac of skin that holds testes. Hangs below body to keep testes cool. Sperm cannot be produced if body is too warm. Testes move into scrotum just before birth.
Testis/testes – male gonads. Made up of small, coiled tubes –
seminiferous tubules.
300-600 per testis.
Immature sperm made here. Secrete testosterone3. Semen – a thick fluid containing sperm and other secretions from the male reproductive system. Slide5
Male Reproductive System
Epididymis – storage area in upper rear of testis. Immature sperm move here to mature – takes 18 hours.
Vas deferens – tube that leads upwards from each testis into lower part of abdomen from epididymis.
Cowper’s gland – produces fluids that nourish sperm and protect them from the acidity of female.
Combination of sperm and fluids -
semenSlide6
Male Reproductive System
6. Rectum – holds wastes7. Seminal vesicles – same job as Cowper’s gland
8. Urinary bladder – stores urine
9. Prostate gland – same job as Cowper’s gland and seminal vesicles
10. Urethra – passageway for excretion of urine and for sperm to leave body. Vas deferens empties into urethraSlide7
Male Reproductive System
11. Penis – male reproductive organ. Facilitates internal fertilizationEjaculation – muscular contractions force semen through urethra. Before, during and after ejaculation reflex actions keep outlet of bladder closedSlide8
Caring for Male Reproductive System
Get regular checkupsBathe regularlyWear protective gearPerform regular self-examinations
Practice abstinenceSlide9
Female Reproductive System
ovary
uterus
rectum
cervix
vaginaurethraUrinary bladderoviductSlide10
Female Reproductive System
(frontal view)Slide11
Female Reproductive System
Ovary – female gonads. Secrete estrogen – produces secondary characteristics, menstrual cycle Produces eggs – 2 ovaries 4cms long, 2
cms wide
Slide12
Follicles – each ovary contains
200,000 egg sacs called
follicles. In each follicle is an immature egg.
- All
the eggs are present at birth. During the woman’s lifetime 500 eggs mature - When an egg matures, follicle moves to surface of ovary. - Follicle breaks & releases the egg – ovulation - Egg can be fertilized for about 24 hours after ovulationSlide13
Female Reproductive System
2. Oviduct (fallopian tube) – Each ovary is near but not connected to oviduct. Tube with funnel-like opening. Cilia line it to create a current that draws the egg into the tube.
Egg is fertilized in the oviduct3. Uterus – thick, muscular, pear-shaped organ. Once egg is fertilized it finishes its development in uterus attached to uterine wallSlide14
Female Reproductive System
4. Urinary bladder – storage of urine5. Urethra – passage of urine to outside of body
6. Vagina (birth canal) – leads to outside of body
7. Cervix – narrow neck of uterus
8. Rectum – passage for wastesSlide15
The Menstrual Cycle
What is the menstrual cycle? Cycle during which an egg develops and is released from the ovary and the uterus is prepared to receive a fertilized egg
Menarche: first menstrual period – usually occurs between 11 and 12
Menopause: time when a woman stops menstruating, usually between 45 & 55 and is no longer able to conceive.Slide16
Fertilization
The joining of a male sperm cell and a female egg cell – can result if ejaculation occurs during sexual intercourse. Slide17
Ovulation to Implantation
Ovary – produces estrogen & progesterone – meiosis occurs & egg developsEgg matures in
follicle of ovary
Ovulation – egg
or mature ovum released
from follicle – may live for 24 hours – each month - egg moves into fallopian tube by ciliaSlide18
Ovulation to Implantation
Events in fallopian tubeFertilization occurs here. Sperm lives 4-5 days (egg lives 1 day)
Zygote undergoes mitosis & travels down fallopian tube within 6-10 days. Zygote is ready to implant into uterus.Slide19
Ovulation to Implantation
Events in uterusImplantation – embryo implants/embeds into uterine lining & secretes hormone HCG to signal its arrival
Cell Differentiation – cells divide by mitosis & become different due to gene expression. Different embryo parts will form.Slide20Slide21
Menstrual Cycle AnimationSlide22
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)
Definition: Disease spread from one person to another during sexual contactTypes of STDs: gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, genital herpes, HIV, trichomonas
Reducing Risky Behavior
a. Avoid sexual contact
b. Avoid intravenous drug useSlide23
Child with gonorrheal infection in the eyesSlide24
Advanced syphilisSlide25
Genital herpesSlide26
Other Issues - MEN
Inguinal Hernia – a separation of tissue that allows part of the intestine to push into the abdominal wall near the top of the scrotumLump in the groin near thigh
Pain in the groinPartial or complete blockage of the intestine (severe
cases
)
Surgery is usually necessary for repair. Slide27
Other Issues - MEN
Sterility – inability to reproduceMales: too few sperm – fewer than 20 million per milliliter
of fluid.
Environmental Hazards
Exposure to X-rays/Radiation
Toxic ChemicalsLeadHormonal ImbalancesMedications Use of DrugsAnabolic SteroidsSTDs/Mumps as adultSlide28
Other Issues - MEN
Testicular CancerMales ages 14-40 years.
Factors increase riskWarning Signs:
Painless/swollen
lump
Pain or discomfort in scrotum or testicleUndescended testicleAbnormal developmentFamily historyProstate ProblemsCan become enlarged as a result of infection, tumor, and age-related problems.Presses against urethraDifficult urinationSlide29
Other Issues - Women
Menstrual CrampsVaginitis – irritation of the vagina due to yeast or bacteria (can cause infertility if not treated)
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)Slide30
Problems Related to Infertility
Endometriosis – tissue grows outside of the uterusPelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)Slide31
Female Reproductive Disorders
Blocked Fallopian Tube
Ovarian Cysts
Cervical, uterine, or ovarian cancer