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The End of the Progressive Era The End of the Progressive Era

The End of the Progressive Era - PowerPoint Presentation

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The End of the Progressive Era - PPT Presentation

Karen Valentin Stephanie Velarde Francesca Velarde William Howard Taft Roosevelt decided not to run in 1908 Chose Taft as successor 27 th president 19091913 Liberal Republican Few Months after Taking Office ID: 745569

term taft wilson http taft term http wilson woodrow roosevelt act 2013 antitrust 1912 tariff retrieved november payne 1913

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Slide1

The End of the Progressive Era

Karen Valentin

Stephanie Velarde

Francesca VelardeSlide2

William Howard Taft

Roosevelt decided not to run in 1908

Chose Taft as successor

27

th

president (1909-1913)

Liberal Republican Slide3

Few Months after Taking Office…

The Payne-Aldrich Tariff

Payne Bill: Lowered rates on imported and manufactured goods

Aldrich Tariff: Increased tariffs

Taft signed the Payne-Aldrich Compromise: Reduced rates but at the same time kept them high enough for proponents of lowering tariffs to complainSlide4

During his Term

Richard A. Ballinger

Gave some land Roosevelt placed in forest reserves to public domain

Gifford Pinchot

Accused Ballinger of colluding with business interests and unsupportive of environmental good

Taft fired Pinchot in 1910Slide5

During his Term

Persuade antitrust policy

1911: Wanted Supreme Court to declare Standard Oil Company in violation of Sherman Antitrust Act

Break up into separate companies

Rule of reason

Big business were not antitrust violators unless engaged in policies that got rid of competitionSlide6

During his Term

Supported 16

th

amendment

Congress could enact a graduated income tax

The countries power, responsibilities, and expenditures where increasing

Graduated income tax provided a secure source of moneySlide7

During his Term

Allowed the direct election of Senators

Interstate Commerce Commission:

Successfully set railroad rates

Few paid attention to this or the 80 antitrust suits his administration initiated.

Chief Justice of the United StatesSlide8

Election of 1912

Candidates

William Howard Taft

Republican Party

Theodore Roosevelt

Progressive Party

Woodrow Wilson

Democratic Party

Eugene Debs

Socialist Party

http://library.duke.edu/exhibits/sevenelections/elections/1912/Slide9

Theodore Roosevelt’s Challenge

He challenged Taft for the Republican nomination

Defenders

Taft betrayed the progressive platform

Roosevelt was pressured

He believed that he could do a better job

Critics

They thought he had a huge ego

“Back stabbed” his friend

Roosevelt was defeatedSlide10

Candidate’s Platforms

Theodore Roosevelt

Woodrow Wilson

New Nationalism policies

A broad plan of social reform for America

Wanted to preserve trusts but regulate them

Campaigned on behalf of women’s suffrage

Supported tariffs

Minimum wage

Worker’s compensation act

Child labor law

Proposed the elimination of trusts

Believed each state should decide on the issue of women suffrage

Criticized tariffs

http://library.duke.edu/exhibits/sevenelections/elections/1912/issues.html

http://millercenter.org/president/taft/essays/biography/3Slide11

Candidate’s Platforms

Eugene V.

Debs

William

Taft

Few supported him

Abolish

the “capitalistic system”

Defended the Sherman Anti-Trust Act

Opposed

Child labor laws

Labor unions

Women suffrage

Wanted to dismantle the national park systemSlide12

How it all played out

Taft and Roosevelt were both trying to gain the Republican Party’s votes

Wilson won

Republican votes were split in half

Candidates

Popular Vote

Electoral College Vote

Wilson/Marshall

41.8%

81.9% (435)

Roosevelt/Johnson

27.4%

16.8% (88)

Taft/Sherman

23.2%

1.5% (8)

Debs/Seidel

6.0%

0% (0)

http://library.duke.edu/exhibits/sevenelections/elections/1912/winner.htmlSlide13

Woodrow Wilson

Born in Virginia December 28, 1856

Nominated as president in 1912 at democratic convention

28

th

President

Term: 1913-1921Slide14

During his Term

Neutral first three years of WWI (1913-1916)

Said America could not remain neutral in the WW1

April, 2 1917 asked congress for a declaration of war on Germany

Led America through WWI (1916-1919)

Hoped that participation in war would broker a peace treaty and end war foreverSlide15

During his Term

Campaigned on a program called New Freedom (1912)

New Freedom: stressed individualism and states' rights

Established an office near congress so he could meet with the members to talk about pending legislationSlide16

During his Term

Underwood Tariff Act (1913)

Reduced Tariff

Created a graduated income taxSlide17

During his Term

Federal Reserve System (1913):

Dealt with 12 regional banks and the board governors

Federal Trade Commission (1914):

Prohibit unfair business practices

Established 1914 by antitrust legislationSlide18

During his Term

Clayton Antitrust act (1914): prohibits direct or indirect interference with trade

Adamson Act (1916): 8 hr workday on railroadsSlide19

During his Term

1st pres. to constantly have press conferences to influence public opinion

Dealt with progressivism and made his own version since Democrats were in control of congressSlide20

Citations

Terrell, E.T. History of US Income Tax. Retrieved November 10, 2013 , from

http://www.loc.gov/rr/business/hottopic/irs_history.html

 

Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act. Retrieved November 10, 2013 , from

http://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Payne-Aldrich_Tariff_Act.html

 

 

William Howard Taft. Retrieved November 10, 2013 , from

http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/williamhowardtafSlide21

Citations

 

About Woodrow Wilson. Retrieved November 10, 2013 , from

http://www.wilsoncenter.org/about-woodrow-wilson

(1996) Woodrow Wilson. Retrieved November 10, 2013 , from

http://www.history.com/topics/woodrow-wilson

 

(2006) Woodrow Wilson. Retrieved November 10, 2013 , from

http://m.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/woodrowwilson