Crime Scene The place or site where the crime took place Arriving at the Crime Scene When officers arrive at the crime scene they have three tasks to perform 1 Assist injured people and call an ambulance if necessary ID: 596224
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Slide1
The Investigation
Crime Scene: The place or site where the crime took place.Slide2Slide3
Arriving at the Crime Scene
When officers arrive at the crime scene, they have three tasks to perform:1. Assist injured people and call an ambulance, if necessarySlide4
2.
Eliminate any hazards or threats that may still exist.Slide5
3. Continue to search and protect the crime scene, even if the perpetrators have left.Slide6
Protecting and Preserving the Crime Scene
To protect the crime scene, officers establish two boundaries: 1. the center (where the crime was actually committed)
2. the
perimeter
(the
surrounding area where a perpetrator may have been or may have left
evidence)
(Slide7Slide8
Preservation of Crime Scenes
Crime scenes are preserved for three reasons:To allow for a thorough search of the crime sceneTo find and collect physical evidence
To ensure that the physical evidence seized is admissible in court.Slide9
Contamination
Contamination is the loss, destruction, or alteration of physical evidence. (Remember the blanket in the Simpson case.)Contamination of evidence may lead to: - evidence being held inadmissible in court
- police being led in the wrong direction
- doubt in the mind of jurors/judge
Crime scene and evidenceSlide10
Identifying and Collecting Physical Evidence
How do you prove that the accused was there???One important way is by collecting and presenting physical evidence.Physical evidence is any object, impression, or body element that can be used to prove or disprove facts relating to an offence.Slide11
Forensic Evidence
Forensic science is the application of biochemical and other scientific techniques to criminal investigation. (CSI) Forensic scienceSlide12
Impression Evidence
Impressions:- Patterns or marks found on different objects caused by different objects such as fingers (fingerprints), shoes, tires, tools.Slide13
Collecting and Matching Impression Evidence:
Record the impression by a photograph and then a scan or mold. Match the impression with the object that made itSlide14
Impressions have 2 characteristics:
Class characteristics - the general attributes (characteristics) of an object.
(Ex. With tires, class characteristics might include things like: 14 inch, radial, tires manufactured by B. F. Goodrich, supplied with all 2003 and 2004 Hyundai Elantras
Individual characteristics
-the features specific and unique to the particular object.
(Ex. Still using our tire example, the individual characteristics would be the tread wear, evidence of a repaired flat, the type of soil found in the treads.)Slide15
Fingerprints
a patterned mark left on an object by a fingertip. can also take prints of feet, hands and toes. Fingerprints “never” change and are unique to the individual.Even identical twins have different fingerprints. Slide16Slide17
Two types of fingerprints
Visible - Can see it with the naked eye - Usually coated in dirt, grease or blood. - Can usually be photographed right away.
Fingerprints
Latent
-
Cannot be seen with the naked eye
- Made by perspiration and body oils
- Has to be “developed”
before it is photographed. (3 ways to do this)Slide18
Shoe prints and tire tracks can be matched to put the suspect at the scene.
tire tracks Slide19
Remember class characteristics and individual characteristics…. What might the class characteristics of a sneaker print be? What might some of the individual characteristics be?Slide20
Body elements and DNA
DNA Evidence Investigation and DNASlide21Slide22
DNA Fingerprinting Activity
Fingerprinting Activity (Nova and the Sheppard case) Questions Appendix ASlide23
The chain of custody is the witnessed, written record of all of the people who had control of the item in evidence.
Chain of custody