aquamedicines Gulshan Kumar School of Fisheries Overview With the continued expansion of cultured fin and shellfish species aquaculture has become a key component of the animal health industry ID: 936020
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Slide1
Pharmaceutical industry for aquamedicines.
Gulshan
Kumar
School of Fisheries
Slide2Overview
With the continued expansion of cultured fin and shellfish species, aquaculture has become a key component of the animal health industry.
The
ever-increasing demand for quality pharmaceutical and biological products, to combat bacterial and viral infections, calls for the development of modern formulations and novel drug delivery systems.
The
purpose of this paper is to provide a general overview of important fish pathogens, manifested fish diseases, and control methods.
Currently
available pharmaceutical and biological products are tabulated. Emphasis is placed on the extension of formulation and process technologies, commonly encountered in human pharmaceuticals, to the aquaculture arena.
Slide3Six categories of aqua drugs and chemicals were found to be used by the fish farmers and hatchery owners which included those used for
i) water quality management,
ii) anti-parasitic drugs,
iii) disinfectants or sanitizers,
v) water and feed probiotics
v) feed supplements and growth promoters and
vi) antibiotics.
Slide4According to a survey
Highest proportions of products used in aquaculture were assessed to be those used for feed supplements and growth promoters (31%) followed by water and feed probiotics (24%). Other products included were those chemicals and formulations used for water quality management (18%), disinfectants and sanitizers (13%), anti-parasitic drugs (10%) and antibiotics (4%).
Slide5Furthermore, the survey revealed most farmers and end users lack knowledge and information on the quality and utility of such aqua-drugs and chemicals and they are mostly dependent on local consultants or representatives for their application in aquaculture. Again, some of the drugs and chemicals used in animal medicine and agricultural practices have made their way in aquaculture application. Besides these, various other anthropogenic activities have led to release of large quantities of drugs, chemicals, pesticides and antibiotics into aquatic system, mainly through human wastes and agricultural runoff.