inflammation the capability of the body to resist harmful microbes from entering to the body Immunity Inflammation is the immune response of tissue injury type of tissue injury Burn ID: 934618
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Slide1
lab (4 )
Immunity
and
inflammation
Slide2the capability of the body to resist harmful microbes from entering to the body
Immunity
Slide3Slide4Slide5Inflammation
is the immune response of tissue injury type of tissue injury BurnChemical irritation Toxin
Infection of pathogens(
e.g
viral. Bacterial )
Physical injury and troumaImmune reaction (hyper sensitivity)Foreign body
INFELAMMATION
Slide6Type of inflammation
Acute inflammation chronic inflammationInflammation
Slide7Is initiated by WBC already present in all tissue (macrophage ,
dendritic cell and mast cell) this cell undergo activation and release inflammatory mediator (chemotaxis e.g cytokine,) responsible for clinical signs of inflammation and cell activation phathophysiology
Acute inflammation
Slide8clinical signs of inflammation
(Rubor ): redness (calor) heat
:
caused by vasodilatation and increase blood flow
Edema;
caused by increase the permeability of blood vessels results the in exudation of plasma protein and fluid in to the tissue .Pain (dolor) due to stimulation of pin receptors*Acute inflammation it take Short duration ; minutes hours ,few days
Acute
infelammation
Slide9Infected ingrown toenail showing the characteristic
redness and swelling associated with acute inflammation
Slide10Resolution
complete healing fibrosis and scarringabscess formation: cavity containing buss(liquid containing dead WBC and bacteria with debris from destroyed cellschronic inflammation.
Acute
infelammation
Slide11Acute inflammation
Slide12Chronic inflammation
Longer duration than acute phasepresence of Lymphocytes and macrophageProliferation of blood vessels, fibrosis and presence of necrosisChronic inflammation
Slide13In Chronic inflammation ,the inflammatory response is out of proportion to the threat, or it is directed against inappropriate target
Result; allergies and auto immune diseaseChronic inflammation
Slide14Allergies
Autoimmune Diseases Immune Complex Diseases Immunodeficiency Diseases Cancers of the Immune System Disorders of the immune system
Slide15primary immune deficiency disease
are those caused by inherited genetic mutationsSecondary or acquired immune deficiencies are caused by something outside the body such as a virus or immune suppressing drugs.
Immunodeficiency Diseases
Slide16is a disease of the human immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
The illness interferes with the immune system making people with AIDS much more likely to get infections, including opportunistic ,tumors, and skin rashTransmitted by fluid exchange :blood ,semen , and vaginal fluid
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Slide17people with AIDS often have systemic symptoms of infection like
low grad Fevers, swollen glands, chills, weakness, and weight lossAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Slide18Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a tumor caused by human herpes virus
Slide19Rheumatic fever is an autoimmune complication of streptococcal infections. Rheumatic fever is expressed as arthritis ,or inflammation of the heart.
It cause fever Heart (cardiac) problems, shortness of breath and chest painJoint pain and swelling, arthritis(mainly in the knees, elbows, ankles, and wrists)Skin nodules , and skin rash
Rheumatic fever
Slide20Rheumatic fever
Slide21Skin nodules
Skin rash
Slide22Glomerulonephritis
,: is a renal disease (usually of both kidneys) characterized by inflammation of the of glomeruli(AB against glomeruli basement membrane.It may present with isolated hematuria and/or
proteinuria
or as a nephritic syndrome, renal failure, or chronic renal failure.
Glomerulonephritis
Slide23Normal
glomeruli
Glomerulonephritis
Myasthenia gravis
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune neuromuscular disease leading to fluctuating muscle weakness and fatigability . This autoimmune response produces antibodies that block the muscle cells from receiving messages (neurotransmitters -acetylcholine receptor -)from the nerve cell.
Myasthenia gravis
Slide25Myasthenia gravis
Slide26Lupus
erythematosus autoimmune disease Symptoms of these diseases can affect many different body systems, including joints, skin, kidneys, blood cells, heart, and lungsLupus
erythematosus
Slide27Slide28SLE butterfly rash
Slide2931 years old male came to emergency clinic suffering of sever diarrhea,
coughing and chills.He has history of blood transfusion 2 years ago Physical examination show:Low grade feverLeft hand skin rashLymph nodes swollenblood analysis
confirmd
presence of HIV AB +
CASE STUDY
Slide301)
What is the probably diagnosis?Acquired immune deficiency syndrome Questions:
Slide312) What is the
etology of AIDS?a. Human pabiloma viral infectionb. Hiv
viral infection
c
.
Cryptococcal meningitis
Slide323)
Any of the immune system cells may be infected with HIV virus?a)CD8 T toxic lymphocyteB) lymphocytec) CD4 T helper lymphocyte
Questions
Slide334) How the HIV virus
transmeted?Transmitted by fluid exchange :blood ,semen , vaginal fluid …ets
Slide34Thank you