Help! I Need to Pass the - PowerPoint Presentation

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Help! I Need to Pass the Praxis the First Time!

Celeste Roseberry-McKibbin, Ph.D., CCC-SLPCalifornia State University, SacramentoSan Juan Unified School District

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Let’s have some fun on this Saturday afternoon! 

Please write your first and last name and a “fun fact” about yourselfTry to make it something we would never guess about youI will be randomly drawing names—if I read your fun fact, don’t tell us who you are! Make us guess!

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If you are chosen, you can come up and get a free book I just published—it is available on Amazon

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For a newly updated version of this PowerPoint:Starting on Tuesday, March 27, check my website

www.hhs.csus.edu/homepages/SPA/RoseberryClick on the Workshops link

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Also….Please feel free to take pictures of any of these slides!

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How I got into thisThe first time I took the Praxis, I thought I’d pass out!

I’ve since taken it around 15 times—most recently last Saturday, 3/17/186

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When I took the Praxis in 2017:I noticed that they had updated it from 2014

The most recent editions are 2017, and I have taken 2 different forms of this new 2017 edition—one in July, 2017, and the other last Saturday7

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OUTLINE

I. Before the Exam: Preparation and StudyingII. During the Exam: Test-taking Strategies

III. After

the Exam: Obtaining and Reporting Results

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SOME INFORMATION ADAPTED WITH PERMISSION FROM:

Roseberry-McKibbin, C., & Hegde, M.N. (2016). An advanced review of speech-language pathology: Preparation

for the Praxis and

comprehensive

examination

(4

th

ed.). Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.

www.proedinc.com

a

nd

www.AdvancedReviewPractice.com

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For a video of this information:

Go to Youtube and type in Celeste Roseberryhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rPKrWpeMl5g&t=318sWe’ve been blessed to have 10,315 views

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I. Getting Ready for the

Exam:Studying and PreparationASHA partners with Educational Testing Services (ETS) to develop and implement the Praxis

.

The purpose of the Praxis is to assess the knowledge of two types of test-takers

:

S

tudents

who are entering the profession for the first

time

Persons re-entering

the profession after a period of

time

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The Over-arching Goal Of The Praxis:

Assess test-takers’ understanding of content knowledge and current clinical practices within the field of speech-language pathology

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Taking and passing the Praxis

Allows test-takers to be eligible to apply for ASHA’s Certificate of Clinical Competence (CCC)The CCC in speech-language pathology is granted by the Council of Clinical Certification in Audiology and Speech Pathology

The CCC is

required

for licensure

in most states

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There are three major areas covered in the Praxis examination:

Foundations and Professional Practice (FPP) (44 questions; 33 1/3%)Screening,

Assessment

, Evaluation, and Diagnosis (SAED)

(44 questions; 33 1/3

%)

Planning

, Implementation, and Evaluation of

Treatment

(PIET) (44 questions; 33 1/3%)

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Topics covered in the Praxis:

Typical development (speech & language)Cultural and linguistic service delivery options

Ethics

Research

Genetics

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Areas covered in the Praxis:

-Hearing (audiology questions aren’t bad!)FluencyVoice, resonance and motor speechSpeech sound productionSocial aspects of communication, including pragmatics

Feeding and swallowing

Receptive

and expressive

language

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Neurological disorders:

DementiaAphasia (types—both left and right hemisphere)DysarthriasApraxia

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Test Format

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There are

132 multiple choice questions

in an A-D

format

You have

2.5 hours

for the

exam

The Praxis is

taken by computer

—paper is not an option

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There are many “case study” type questions

These require critical thinking and problem-solvingClinical experience is importantThis is why it is recommended that you take the Praxis at the end of your graduate program when you have already obtained clinical experience

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If you have a disability that does not allow you to take the exam under standard conditions….

You can go to www.ets.org/praxis/register/disabilitiesContact ETS directly to make the appropriate accommodations

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For more helpful information about the Praxis:Please see the ETS website:

http://www.ets.org/praxisASHA’s website is also helpful:http://www.asha.org/Certification/Praxis/About-the-Speech-Language-Pathology-Praxis-Exam/

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When studying for the Praxis:

Study over time. Don’t cram! It is best to begin studying daily at least several months before taking the PraxisThis is called “distributed practice

”

and is much more effective than cramming or massed practice

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When you study:

Study one major content area per sessionEliminate interruptions as much as possiblePut your phone in another room. Avoid social media during study sessions.

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credit:

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www.mckcoaching.com

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My very best advice:

Take as many practice examinations as you can

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When you take practice examinations:

Clear a 2.5 hour window of uninterrupted timeAct as if you are in the actual testing situation, and focus solely on the examinationNo multitasking!

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credit:

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www.huffingtonpost.com

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www.AdvancedReviewPractice.com

You can subscribe for a year and take various practice exams as many times as you wantThe computer program will break down your results and let you know your exact areas of strengths and weaknesses

This

will help you know which areas you need to work

on

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AdvancedReviewPractice.com

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credit:

www.advancedreviewpractice.com

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AdvancedReviewPractice.com

Once you complete a test, you will see a screen that shows the: total time taken for the test

average

time per

question

total score

number

of incorrect

answers

percentage

of correct

answers

You

will be able to

review all results

and print the incorrect

answers

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AdvancedReviewPractice.com

You will not only be able to compare your score with your previous attempts at the test, but you will be able to compare your scores with others who took the exam nationallyOnce you have completed at least

four tests

, you will be able to retake a test with mixed categories from the

entire database

of questions (i.e., FPP, SAED, PIET) or select questions from within a

specific category

(e.g., FPP) and retake only those questions in the

category

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AdvancedReviewPractice.com

You have 2.5 hours or 150 minutes to answer each test of 132 questions

(44 questions from each category – FPP, SAED, PIET

)

You

have approximately

1 minute and 28 seconds

to answer each

question

To

pass the PRAXIS-SLP, you must answer approximately

81% of the questions

correctly

The passing score on the test is

162 points

. Each question is worth about 1.67 points. The maximum you can score on a test is 200

points

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Fundamentals for the Big Day

Get a good night’s sleep. Being rested is important. Do not stay up and cram.

Eat

a good

breakfast

Wear

layers of clothes

and prepare for a variety of test room temperatures

Use

the bathroom

before

the exam. Any time you take during the exam cannot be made

up

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/

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In terms of the testing center:

If possible, drive to the center before the actual day of the exam so you are confident of the directionsOn test day, give yourself 30 minutes more

than you think you will need to get

there

Arrive

at

least

30 minutes

in advance of the exam start time

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credit:

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www.clipartpanda.com

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When you get to the testing center:

You must show a valid form of ID—usually your driver’s license will suffice. Your photo must be on the IDYou will be given a locker to put your things inMany

lockers are small

, so don’t bring a bunch of stuff!

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If you must chew a lozenge or cough drop:

You will be asked to unwrap it and put it into your mouth and throw away the wrapper in front of testing center staffIf you need Kleenex, the center will supply them. You may not bring your own Kleenex.

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credit:

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www.kleenex.com/

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credit:

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www.kleenex.com/

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credit:

https://

www.aspca.org

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Before you enter the testing room:

The testing center will supply scratch paper and pencils—you may not bring your ownThey will take your picture

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credit:

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You will be “wanded”

Each time you enter the testing roomYou will also be asked to turn out your pocketsThis will occur when you first enter

the test room and will also occur

if you leave

to use the restroom and come

back

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credit:

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www.Seattleeducation.com/

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Taking a break to leave and then coming back…

Can feel disruptiveThis is because it takes time to use the restroom and then undergo all the security procedures again (e.g., them checking your picture to see if it’s really you, re-wanding you, having you turn out your pockets again)

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However, here is what I always do:I finish early and take a 3-4 minute restroom break

I stretch and take some deep breaths and clear my headThen when I go back into the testing room, I read over the whole exam again

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If you don’t have time to re-read the whole thing…Just re-read the questions you have marked

The little break can actually be very helpful—if you have the time to take it39

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The following items are prohibited inside the testing room:

Everything except for wedding and engagement ringsNo scarves, neckties, hats, cuff links, barrettes, headbands, combs, watchesIf you wear glasses, you must submit them for close visual inspection when you first enter the room and after each break

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II. During the Exam: Specific Test-taking Strategies

You can keep your eye on the clock in the upper right hand corner of the computer screenIt will tell you how much time you have leftAfter 1 hour and 15 minutes, you should be up to item #

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Remember:

Only correctly-answered questions contribute to the final test score. Thus, be sure to answer all the questions—do not leave any blank.

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If you come upon a difficult question, answer it as best you can and move on.

The computerized version of the exam allows you to flag any items you are unsure of.Trust me, there will be some items that freak you out because you have never seen the information before—that’s OK!

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Flagging Questions

In the upper right hand corner of the computer screen, there will be a tab that says “Mark”If you click on that, the question in front of you will be flaggedAnswer the question and

keep moving

forward

!

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If you feel scared or nervous...

Remember to breathe A few deep breaths can really help!

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Let’s try this right now!

Close your eyesTake 3 deep breaths and say to yourself “release and relax”Relax your body as much as possibleThis takes about 15 seconds and makes a big difference

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Remember that a lot of the Praxis involves logical thinking

I got the best score I’ve ever had last Saturday because I forced myself to logically think through questions involving totally unfamiliar information47

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When you get to the end of the test:

Click on “review” (assuming you have time left over)This will take you to the screen that shows you all 132 questions, indicating the ones that you have marked earlier.Remember, you have already answered these questions. But in the leftover time,

you can re-think

them and change your answer if you want.

Remember

though: your

first choice

is usually the right one!

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Remember:

There are 132 multiple choice questions in an A-D formatSome of these are straightforwardIf

there is a straightforward question that you know the answer to,

click on it immediately

and keep moving forward

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:

https://

elearningindustry.com

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Here is an easy question:

This cranial nerve’s sensory fibers are responsible for taste sensations on the anterior two thirds of the tongue:A. Cranial nerve XIIB. Cranial nerve VC. Cranial nerve VIID. Cranial nerve IX**The answer is C, Cranial nerve VII

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Here is a harder case study with 3 questions based upon it:

You receive a referral of 32-year old Justin, a friendly and enthusiastic high school football coach. He has 2 young children. Justin has been hoarse for a year, and tells you “I yell a lot and always sound like this. I’m not worried about it, but my wife keeps bugging me.” He does share that the hoarseness is getting worse and that he is beginning to feel some pain. You refer Justin to an otolaryngologist for a thorough vocal fold examination. The combined findings of you and the otolaryngologist indicate that Jason has a

maximum phonation time of 5 seconds

,

dysphonia

, and

increased laryngeal airway resistance

. Which of the following are

true

based upon the above scenario?

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One of the tests used to assess Justin’s vocal folds uses a pulsing light which gives the optical illusion of slow-motion viewing of the vocal folds. This is called:

StroboscopyNasoendoscopyElectroglottographyElectromyography

The answer is A.

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The otolaryngologist decides to obtain measures of jitter and shimmer because these can serve as an excellent baseline if she decides that Justin will require

phonosurgery. When the otolaryngologist takes these measures, you will expect that she’ll find:Large amounts of both shimmer and jitter, with more than 1 dB of variation across vibratory cycles when jitter is measuredA small amount of shimmer and a large amount of jitterLarge

amounts of both jitter and shimmer, with more than 1 dB of variation across vibratory cycles when shimmer is measured

Large

amounts of both shimmer and jitter, with Justin being able to sustain a vowel with approximately 16% shimmer

The answer is C.

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When you assess Justin’s voice, you hear “double voice.” This perception of two distinct simultaneous vocal pitches during phonation is called:

HoarsenessGlottal fryCul-de-sac resonanceDiplophonia

The answer is D.

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For a harder case-based scenario such as this:

Read the case scenario very carefully at least twiceDon’t panic! Breathe deeply and use positive self-talkMark

these questions immediately

for review when you have finished taking the entire

test

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You can use scratch paper provided by the testing center

To draw yourself diagrams and simple picturesThis may assist you in answering these hard and complex questions more accurately

Image Credit:

https://www.dreamstime.com

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Before answering each question:

Read through the case scenario againRefer to your simple diagrams and notes on the scratch paper

Remember

to

mark the questions

for later

review

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Other strategies for answering multiple choice questions correctly include the following:

In most cases, the answer indicating a “team approach” will be the correct one

For

questions where the

SLP is the first professional

to see a patient with a potential neurologically-based disorder, usually the correct answer for the “first step” is to

refer to a

neurologist

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Strategies continued:

Remember that privacy and confidentiality are paramount. It is imperative to follow the rules of HIPAA and obtain appropriate signatures and releases before any information is shared with others.

Relatedly

,

all practices must be ethical

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Strategies continued:

Intervention should always be functional; it should be ecologically valid, relating to helping the client become as competent as possible in his or her daily

environment

The

best answer is

client-centered

and based upon taking

positive

actions

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Strategies continued:

Try hard not to “read into” the question. Take it at surface value and only think about what it is really asking.If you come across a question that you absolutely do not know, start by thinking logically and

eliminating any answers

that are obviously

untrue

Many

questions will come down to

2 good answers

. You must select the

best

one.

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III. After the Exam: Obtaining and Reporting Results

When you finish taking the exam on the computer, you will see 2 choices: cancel or reportIf you click

Cancel

, you will

not find out your score

and

it will not be reported anywhere

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If you click Cancel:

You will need to re-take the Praxis at a later timeYou will need to pay the fee again--$120

You

will need to report your scores the next time or

you will not become certified

(or licensed in most states)

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gulfnews.com

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If you click Report:

You can indicate that you want your score reported to the institution where you received your Master’s degreeYou also need to report your score to ASHA; the code for this is R5031

You will see your score immediately—no waiting!

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You will know the # of questions you got correct in each area-for example:

Foundations and Professional Practice--38/44Screening, Assessment, Evaluation, and Diagnosis—41/44

Planning

, Implementation, and Evaluation of

Treatment

—36/44

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To obtain a record of your score:

Go to your online ETS account and look it upUsually, scores are available within 12 days of taking the examPrint out a hard copy of your score,

as the electronic version is only available

for one year

after you took the Praxis

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If you need to re-take the exam because you did not pass:

You can use the ETS account you have already created and re-register for the exam. You will need to pay the fee again.As of this time, you may take the Praxis as many times as you want to for the next 2 years

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If you do not pass the Praxis within the 2-year time frame…

Your certification file will be closedYou will need to reapply for certification under the standards in effect

at the time of the reapplication

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If you do not pass the Praxis the first time….

Try hard to not get discouraged and feel like a failureAsk yourself what areas were most difficult for

you

Create a study plan to

address those areas

of weakness

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Re-take the Praxis as soon as possible—I recommend 4-6 weeks:

The worst thing you can do is put off that re-take!The sooner you re-take, the betterRemember that the next time, you will already have experience and therefore will be more

confident.

Remain

positive!

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Get back on that horse and ride it!

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Let’s summarize what we have been over today

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The purpose of the Praxis is to assess test-takers’ understanding of content knowledge

and current clinical practices within the field of speech-language pathologyIt is best to take the Praxis at the end of your Master’s program and not before

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The Praxis is administered in computer format only

You have 2.5 hours to take the examThere are 132 multiple choice questions in an A-D formatBe

sure to

answer every question

Within

the first 2 years of taking the exam, you can

take it as many times as you like

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It is necessary to pass the PraxisFor many state licensure requirements

For national certification from ASHA75

Image

credit:

www.asha.org

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Good luck to you, and remember:

Most people perform much better than they think they didStudying hard pays offIt will all be worth it in the end!

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Questions?

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