p32 How Are Organic Compounds Formed Monomers building blocks units Polymers a larger molecule made of repeating subunits Monomers link together to form polymers Many small molecules ID: 931693
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Dehydration Synthesis & Hydrolysis" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Dehydration Synthesis & Hydrolysis
p.32
Slide2How Are Organic Compounds Formed?
Monomers
= building blocks (units)
Polymers
= a larger molecule made of repeating subunits
Monomers link together to form polymers.
Slide3Many small molecules
One large molecule
Slide4Polymers:
Synthesis
and Hydrolysis of Polymers
The most important biological compounds are polymers
Poly means “many
”
Monomers
are
MONOSACCHARIDES (SIMPLE SUGARS
)
AMINO
ACIDS
NUCLEOTIDES
d. FATTY ACIDS
Slide5Polymers are:
made
(DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS) or broken down (HYDROLYSIS) over and over in living
cells
Dehydration Synthesis = loss of water
a.k.a. Condensation
a.k.a. Polymerization
Slide6Background
:
Often organic molecule contain functional groups containing carboxyl (COOH) or hydroxyl groups (OH) or both.
This is important because H and OH can be found hanging off monomers
Monomer
Monomer
OH
H
Slide7Dehydration
Synthesis
Slide8Dehydration
Synthesis
Slide9Dehydration
Synthesis
What kind of bond is this?
Water released
Slide10Dehydration
Synthesis
Slide11Dehydration
Synthesis
Slide12Dehydration
Synthesis
Slide13Dehydration
Synthesis
Slide14Polymer
Monomer
Hydrolysis
Hydro = water &
lysis
= loosening
Water is added and breaks the
covalent
bonds of polymers
Requires hydrolytic enzymes
14
Slide15Hydrolysis
Slide16Hydrolysis
Slide17Hydrolysis
Slide18Hydrolysis
Slide19Diagram of Synthesis vs. Hydrolysis
H
2
O
H
2
O
Monomers
Polymer
Hydrolysis Reaction
Synthesis Reaction
19
Slide20Diagram of Synthesis vs. Hydrolysis
H
2
O
H
2
O
Monomers
Polymer
Hydrolysis Reaction
Synthesis Reaction
20
Slide21Proteins
: Polymers
of
amino acids
Nucleic Acids
(
DNA, RNA): Polymers
of
nucleotides
Carbohydrates
:
Polymers of
monosaccharides
D.
Lipids
: Polymers of fatty acids & glycerol
Organic compounds are also known as MACROMOLECULES.
Types
of Polymers
Slide2222
Organic Molecules: Preview
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Composition:
H O C
H O C
H O C N
(P , S)
H O C N P
Function:
Energy/ Structure
Energy storage/ Structure/ Signalling
Structure/ Catalysis
Genetic code