Chemistry 1106 Introduction Kinetics Reaction Rates in any Chemical reaction Dependent Temperature T Arrhenius eq Concentration Catalysts if any Activation energy may otherwise be denoted as the minimum energy necessary for a specific chemical reaction to occur ID: 613267
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Slide1
Kinetics
Chemistry 1106Slide2
Introduction
Kinetics
Reaction Rates in any Chemical reaction
Dependent
Temperature [T] (Arrhenius eq.)
Concentration
Catalysts (if any)
Activation energy
may otherwise be denoted as the minimum energy necessary for a specific chemical reaction to occur Slide3
information
Rate=k
T
[A]
x
[B]y where x and y are the order of the reaction and kT is a rate constant dependent on the Temperature. Slide4
Reaction energy diagramSlide5Slide6
Information for todays RXN
Colored solution KMnO
4
is purple and reacts with oxalic acid to produce a colorless
solution
We will monitor the disappearance of the color Y
ou can follow the disappearance or the appearance of color over time to determine that a reaction has occurredMust work fast to get good results(%Absorbance ) in the Kinetics programFirst order at 525 nm
Add KMnO4 at the endSlide7
Calculations
2KMnO
4
+ 5H
2
C
2
O
4
+H
2
0+ MnSO
4
→Mn
+2
+ CO2+OPRate =kT [A]x[B]y where A = KMnO4 B= H2C2O4 MnSO4 this is the catalyst and thus remains constant and can be ignored Water is a solvent kT = since the temperature constant, we can neglect for now
Information for todays RXNSlide8
Experiment
Exp
#
H2O
H2C2O4
MnSO4
KMnO4
Rate
**1**
10
5
1
1
2
5
10
1
1
3
9512
**Because 1 will be your control value it is the one you use as a “control”
*** The values is how much of the substance (in mL) in that experiment you will mix.Slide9
Report
Remember to read the blank (water)
The slope = rate
Change graph title
Print all graphs
YOU NEED THE RATE OR SLOPE OF THE REACTION in Absorbance
Final NotesSlide10
Data table to calculate
Using the slope you get from the graphs
Where R1 is experiment 1 and R2 is
exp
2
R2= [ 3]
x [20]y then R2 /R1 =2y R1= [3]x [10]y
solving for y
=log
(slope of R2/slope R1)
log 2
Repeat
R3/R1
Etc
– Slide11
Rule name
Rule
Logarithm product rule
log
b
(
x ∙ y) = log
b
(
x
)
+
log
b
(
y
)Logarithm quotient rulelogb(x / y) = logb(x) - logb(y)Logarithm power rulelogb(x y) = y ∙ logb(x)Logarithm base switch rulelogb(c
) = 1 / log
c
(b)Logarithm base change rulelogb(x) = logc(x) / logc(b)Derivative of logarithmf (x) = logb(x) ⇒ f ' (x) = 1 / ( x ln(b) )Integral of logarithm∫ logb(x) dx = x ∙ ( logb(x) - 1 / ln(b) ) + CLogarithm of 0logb(0) is undefinedLogarithm of 1logb(1) = 0Logarithm of the baselogb(b) = 1Logarithm of infinitylim logb(∞) = ∞, when x→∞