Setting the Stage Spanish and Portuguese colonists were denied political power and had economic restrictions placed upon them The Latin American colonists had little to no representation in the mother countries of Spain amp Portugal and although they were the producers of the goodsfoods us ID: 547778
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Quest for INDEPENDENCESlide2
Setting the StageSpanish and Portuguese colonists were denied political power and had economic restrictions placed upon them.
The Latin American colonists had little to no representation in the mother countries of Spain & Portugal, and although they were the producers of the goods/foods used in trade, they had little to say in the trading business.
Just like the American colonies!Slide3
Revolutionary Ideas SpreadThe American & French Revolutions spread ideas of freedom to Latin America. The revolutions taught that people should be entitled to a govt that
protected
their interests.
During the Napoleonic Wars Spain was occupied with fighting in Europe, so the Latin American countries had to govern themselves.Slide4
Revolutionary Ideas SpreadThe war between Napoleonic France and Spain caused many Spanish Americans to question their allegiance to the mother country. When Napoleon invaded Portugal the royal family moved to Brazil. When they returned to Portugal, Prince Pedro stayed behind in Brazil and declared himself emperor.
Successfully led Brazil to independence from Portugal.
Peninsular War
Pedro ISlide5Slide6
Revolutionary Ideas Spread
But when Napoleon was defeated, the rightful King of Spain was put back on the throne (by the Congress of Vienna).
Joseph (Napoleon’s brother)
Ferdinand VII (Bourbon bloodline).
The King imposed the old colonial system and limited Latin America’s international trade.
Bad Napoleon
Joseph Bonaparte
Ferdinand VIISlide7
Revolutionary Ideas SpreadLatin American leaders refused to return to Spanish rule and demanded independence from Spain. Venezuela = 1811-1824Brazil = 1823
By 1824 Latin American independence was firmly established. Slide8
Leaders in the Latin AmericanWars for IndependenceToussaint L’Ouverture
Led an uprising of African slaves in 1791, forcing the French out of Haiti (Hispaniola) – making Haiti the first L.A.
colony to
achieve independence.
Jos
é de San Martín
Worked to liberate Argentina and Chile from Spanish rule in 1816-1818.Slide9
Leaders in the Latin AmericanWars for IndependenceMiguel Hidalgo
A priest who began a rebellion against Spanish rule in MX in 1810.
The uprising failed,
but MX later achieved its independence in 1821.
Sim
ón Bolívar
Defeated Spanish forces between 1819 & 1825.
Liberated Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Slide10
Simón Bolívar1783-1830
Known as the “Liberator.”
1813: Led the fight for independence of Venezuela.
Decree of War to the Death – threatened those who opposed him and sided with Spain.Slide11
Simón Bolívar1783-1830
Liberated Ecuador, Venezuela, and Colombia, and combined them to become Gran Colombia.
Established himself as the First President and wanted to unite all of South America.
Joined with José de San Martín to liberate Peru.
1824: Successfully defeated Spanish forces. Slide12Slide13
Help from the USA1823: USA issues the Monroe Doctrine (written by James Monroe).
Warns European powers to stay out of the western hemisphere and to not pose any interventions.
Bolívar wanted a federation like the USA, but instead he declared himself Dictator in 1828.
-Resigned in 1830, died shortly after.Slide14
Latin American RevolutionThings to RememberL.A. Revolution was encouraged by Enlightenment ideas, success of the American Revolution, and the outbreak of the French Revolution.
Free blacks and slaves of Haiti (Hispaniola) rebelled and achieved independence.
When France occupied Spain during the Napoleonic Wars, the Latin American countries governed themselves.
Latin American leaders, most notable Simón Bolívar, fought to win independence from Spain.