TS98En 1998 Explanatory notes on - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

TS98En 1998 Explanatory notes on

Gad

or God

Apart

from Gad, the son of

Yaʽqob

̱, there was another “Gad.”

The astrologers

of

Baḇel

called Jupiter (Zeus) by the name “Gad.” He was also well known among the Canaanites (the

Kenaʽanites

) where his name was often coupled with

Baʽal

,

Baʽal

Gad, which according to the

Massoretic

vowel pointing in the Book of

Yehoshua

is pronounced:

Baʽal

God. Slide2

This same name is discovered in the ancient Germanic languages as

Gott

,

Goda

,

Gode

, God,

Gud

,

Gade

.

And searching further back into its Indo-Germanic (Indo-European) roots, we find that it traces back to the word

GHODH

, which means “union,” even “sexual union.” No wonder this meaning is still evident in the Dutch and German

gade

. It is also not difficult to see it in the English “gadfly” and “gadding about.” Slide3

Θ

εός

Greek 2316

theos

Thayer Definition:

1) a god or goddess, a general name of deities or divinitiesSlide4

Θ

εός

Strong’s Hebrew Greek Dictionary

Theos

theh

'-

os

Of uncertain affinity; a

deity

, especially (with

G3588)

the

supreme

Divinity

; figuratively a

magistrate

; by Hebraism

very:

- X exceeding, God, god [-

ly

, -ward].Slide5

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

Gad (3

)

(

גּד

,

gadh

, “fortune”): A god of Good Luck, possibly the Hyades. The writer in

Isa_65:11 (margin) pronounces a curse against such as are lured away to idolatry. The warning here, according to

Cheyne

, is specifically against the Samaritans, whom with their religion the Jews held in especial abhorrence. The charge would, however, apply just as well to superstitious and semi-pagan Jews. “But ye that forsake

YHUH

יהוה

,

that forget my

Kodesh

mountain, that prepare a table for Fortune, and that fill up mingled wine unto Destiny; Slide6

Continued; ISBE

Canaanitish

place-names also attest the prevalence of the cult, as Baal-gad, at the foot of

Hermen

(

Jos_11:17; Jos_12:7; Jos_13:5);

Migdal

-gad, possibly

Mejdel

near

Askalon

(Jos_15:37);

Gaddi

and

Gaddiel

(Num_13:10 f). In Talmudic literature the name of Gad is frequently invoked (compare McCurdy in

Jewish Encyclopedia

, V, 544). Indeed the words of Leah in Gen_30:11 may refer not to good fortune or luck but to the deity who was especially regarded as the patron god of Good Fortune (compare Kent,

Student's Old Testament

, I, 111). Similar beliefs were held among the Greeks and Romans, e.g. Hor.

Sat

. ii.8, 61:Slide7

Continued ISBE

The question has also an astronomical interest. Arabic tradition styled the planet Jupiter the greater fortune, and Venus the lesser fortune. Jewish tradition identified Gad with the planet Jupiter, and it has been conjectured that

Meni

is to be identified with the planet Venus. See, however, ASTROLOGY, 10.Slide8

Easton Bible Dictionary

God

(A.S. and Dutch God; Dan.

Gud

; Ger.

Gott

), the name of the Divine Being. It is the rendering

(1.) of the Hebrew

'El

, from a word meaning to be strong;Slide9

Wikipedia Encyclopedia

The

English

word

God

continues the

Old English

God

(

guþ

,

gudis

in

Gothic

,

gud

in modern

Scandinavian

,

God

in

Dutch

, and

Gott

in modern

German

), which is thought to derive from

Proto-Germanic

*

ǥuđánSlide10

Continued Wikipedia

Obsolete etymologies

In 19th century scholarship, there were a number of alternative etymologies suggested.

Morgan Peter

Kavenaugh

in

The Origin of Language and Myths

claimed that the word god was taken from the Buddha's patriarchal name of

Gotama

. John Campbell connected further

theonyms

, "I have shown elsewhere that the English word God, the German

Gott

, the Persian

Khoda

and the Hindustani

Khuda

are all derived from the same root as that which appears in Celtic

Aeddon

or

Guydion

, the

Germanin

Odin,

Woden

or

Goutan

and the Indian Buddha or

Gotama

."

[2]

The Reverend

Henry

Scadding

D.D. and Henry Le

Mesurier

in his book

Mer

-cur-

ius

, or The Word Maker, also connected Lombard

Guodan

to

Gotama

Buddha.

[3]

The connection of

Gwydion

with

Wotan

(but not with

god

) is due to

Jacob GrimmSlide11

Continued Wikipedia

Proto-Germanic name of a god of Germanic paganism, known as

Odin

in Norse mythology,

Wōden

in Old English,

Wodan

or Wotan in Old High German and

Godan

in the

Lombardic

language

.

Godan

was shortened to God over time and was adopted/retained by the Germanic peoples of the British isles as the name of their deity, in lieu of the Latin word

Deus

used by the Latin speaking Christian church, after conversion to Christianity.Slide12

Continued Wikipedia

Augustine of Canterbury

. Augustine's mission to the Saxons in southern Britain was conducted at a time when the city of Rome was a part of a

Lombardic

kingdom. The translated bibles which they brought on their mission were greatly influenced by the Germanic tribes they were in contact with, chief among them being the

Lombards

and Franks. The translation for the word

deus

of the Latin bible was influenced by the then current usage by the tribes for their highest deity, namely

Wodan

by Angles, Saxons and Franks of north-central and western Europe and

Godan

by the

Lombards

of south-central Europe around Rome. There are many instances where the name

Godan

and

Wodan

are contracted to God and

Wod

.

[Slide13

Word Origin &

History;From

On line Dictionary

god

O.E. god

"supreme

being,

deity,"

from

P.Gmc

.

*

guthan

(cf. Du. god, Ger.

Gott

, O.N.

guð

, Goth.

guþ

), from PIE

*

ghut

-

"that

which is

invoked"

(cf. Skt.

huta

-

"invoked,"

an

epithet

of

Indra

),

from root

*

gheu

(e)-

"to call,

invoke."

But

some trace it

to

PIE

*

ghu

-to-

"poured,"

from

root *

gheu

-

"to